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  1. A személyi jövedelemadó-reform hatása a tb-nyugdíjakra
    Autor*in: Cseres-Gergely, Zsombor; Simonovits, András
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The Hungarian Personal Income Tax system is being transformed between 209 and 2013. Tax brackets and the previously existing tax credit is being abolished and this changes the net/gross income ratios in all income categories. This does not only lead... mehr

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    The Hungarian Personal Income Tax system is being transformed between 209 and 2013. Tax brackets and the previously existing tax credit is being abolished and this changes the net/gross income ratios in all income categories. This does not only lead to a significant loss in government's income, but also changes redistribution within the society. However, reallocation of net income is not the only change. At present, pension contributions are proportional to gross earnings, while pension benefits are proportional to net earnings. If this situation does not change, a substantial deficit in the pension fund occurs. This paper describes the size of this deficit and its distribution within the society. -- pension ; tax system ; taxation

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
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    ISBN: 9786155024733
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108468
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labor market ; 2011,7
    Schlagworte: Steuersystem; Einkommensteuer; Altersvorsorge; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 17 S., 426,35 KB)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  2. Utolérési kísérletek Magyarországon, 1870 - 2030
    Autor*in: Mihályi, Péter
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    -- catching up ; real convergence ; Red Queen Paradox ; Jánossy's growth theory ; long-term growth ; productivity mehr

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    -- catching up ; real convergence ; Red Queen Paradox ; Jánossy's growth theory ; long-term growth ; productivity

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024313
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108205
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/1
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftliche Konvergenz; Wirtschaftswachstum; Wachstumstheorie; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 84 S., 1,57 MB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. und engl. Sprache
  3. Az oktatási elszámoltathatósági rendszerek elmélete
    Autor*in: Horn, Dániel
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Educational accountability is a timely topic in Hungary, because the law of LXXI/2006 has practically introduced educational accountability. School report cards have been published for the third time in 2011 for each school with a 6th, 8th or 10th... mehr

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    Educational accountability is a timely topic in Hungary, because the law of LXXI/2006 has practically introduced educational accountability. School report cards have been published for the third time in 2011 for each school with a 6th, 8th or 10th grade. These report cards publicize information about the students' mathematical and reading literacy skills, as well as statistics about the school and about the parents. This paper summarizes the most important theoretical and empirical literature about school accountability, using American and English studies. Although this paper is a pure summary with no intention to analyze the Hungarian system, it contains several conclusions that could be of the the Hungarian policy makers' interest. -- education ; accountability ; incentives

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024443
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    hdl: 10419/108210
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/13
    Schlagworte: Bildungsniveau; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 28 S., 254,69 KB)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  4. A tanári jellemzők hatása a tanulói teljesítményre
    Európai eredmények a TIMSS adatok alapján
    Autor*in: Hermann, Zoltán
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The paper investigates the effect of teacher characteristics (experience, level of education attainment and credentials, gender) on the achievement of eighth grade students using matched student-teacher data from the 1999, 2003 and 2007 TIMSS... mehr

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    The paper investigates the effect of teacher characteristics (experience, level of education attainment and credentials, gender) on the achievement of eighth grade students using matched student-teacher data from the 1999, 2003 and 2007 TIMSS surveys. The analysis covers European countries, thus contributing to the existing exclusively US-based literature. Non-random student-teacher matching is present in these countries, as well, similar to the US, and this can lead to biased estimates of teacher effects. We deal with this problem using a rich set of student level controls on the one hand, and applying a student fixed effect specification on the other. The results overall suggest that the lack of experience and a proper teacher education degree might drive down student achievement. However, there is a substantial heterogeneity among countries; teacher characteristics seem to matter only in less than half of the countries analysed. Even within this group the results are not robust in some cases, as the fixed-effect estimates are often non-significant. Nevertheless, where these are present, the teacher experience and credential effects are similar in magnitude to those in the US studies reporting strong effects. For Hungary the impact of teacher characteristics is ambiguous; significant only in some specifications. -- teacher experience ; teacher credentials ; student achievement ; TIMSS

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024818
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    hdl: 10419/108229
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/40
    Schlagworte: Lehrkräfte; Qualifikation; Wirkungsanalyse; Studierende; Bildungsniveau; EU-Staaten
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: [40] S., 1,93 MB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  5. A tandíj közgazdaságtana
    Szakirodalmi áttekintés
    Autor*in: Semjén, András
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    -- higher education ; cost-sharing ; tuition ; financial aid to students ; human capital ; access ; price-sensitivity mehr

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    -- higher education ; cost-sharing ; tuition ; financial aid to students ; human capital ; access ; price-sensitivity

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024825
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    hdl: 10419/108230
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/41
    Schlagworte: Studienfinanzierung; Selbstbeteiligung
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 46 S., 519,75 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. und ungar. Sprache
  6. Magyar gazellák
    gyors növekedésű vállalatok jellemzői és kialakulásuk elemzése Magyarországon
    Autor*in: Békés, Gábor; Muraközy, Balázs
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    This study analyses properties of fast growing small and medium sized firms, known as gazelles. Using balance sheet information for the 2000-2008 period, we show that a small fraction of companies is responsible for a large share of new jobs created... mehr

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    This study analyses properties of fast growing small and medium sized firms, known as gazelles. Using balance sheet information for the 2000-2008 period, we show that a small fraction of companies is responsible for a large share of new jobs created in the business sector. For instance, the top 5% of fastest growing firms created 45.8% of new jobs, and 20% of new employment was generated by a mere 1% of firms. Importantly for policy, we show that the likelihood of becoming a gazelle is virtually the same in all industries and geographic regions. Using both probit regression and propensity score matching models, we show that younger firms with better financing background, more skilled labor force and better past growth performance are more likely to be gazelles. However, our model also shows that fast firm growth is highly idiosyncratic, and government or banks can not precisely predict which firm will actually turn into a gazelle. -- SME ; firm growth ; job creates

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024788
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    hdl: 10419/108470
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labor market ; 2011,9
    Schlagworte: Unternehmenswachstum; KMU; Zweiter Arbeitsmarkt; Probit-Modell; Matching; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 80 S., 989,77 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  7. A munkakereslet nemzetközi tendenciái
    Autor*in: Horn, Dániel
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The goal of this study is to find the model that best describes the trends in labor demand using international industry level longitudinal data. Our starting point is Kézdi et al. (2006), who uses a fixed-effect model to project labor demand. We take... mehr

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    The goal of this study is to find the model that best describes the trends in labor demand using international industry level longitudinal data. Our starting point is Kézdi et al. (2006), who uses a fixed-effect model to project labor demand. We take their model and compare it with several other specifications to test forecasting fit. The main conclusions of this study are that different functional forms are better for different industries, but the linear specification fares just fine in all industries. Moreover, fixed-effect models are not better than the simple models with level effects, but results of this latter are easier to interpret. Quasi-autoregressive models do not improve forecasting fit as much as expected. -- labor-demand ; forecasting ; industry level panel

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024467
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    hdl: 10419/108461
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labor market ; 2011,1
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftswachstum; Arbeitsnachfrage; Prognose
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 58 S., 906,13 KB)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. und engl. Sprache
  8. Árukapcsolás és csomagban történő értékesítés
    jogesetek és közgazdasági elmélet
    Autor*in: Valentiny, Pál
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Economists and lawyers are badly divided on issues concerning tying and bundling. Permissivie and prohibitive attitudes are changing radically in the literature and in the legal practice. After a short discurse on the notions, we introduce the basic... mehr

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    Economists and lawyers are badly divided on issues concerning tying and bundling. Permissivie and prohibitive attitudes are changing radically in the literature and in the legal practice. After a short discurse on the notions, we introduce the basic ideas, theories and debates according to schools in economics and market structures. Based on relevant cases of the US and EU we finally summarize the changes in economic theory and their impact on the rule of reason in these cases. -- tying ; bundling ; antitrust ; competition policy ; economic theory ; cases

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024573
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    hdl: 10419/108245
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/21
    Schlagworte: Leistungsbündel; Wirtschaftstheorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 32 S., 248,33 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  9. Termelői szervezetek zöldség-gyümölcs kisárutermelőket integráló szerepe a nagy kereskedelmi láncoknak történő értékesítésben
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The majority of the small-scale fruit and vegetable producers due to their small sizes are not able to meet the requirements of the large commercial chains by themselves. Only the cooperation could bring an effective solution. The POs are able to... mehr

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    The majority of the small-scale fruit and vegetable producers due to their small sizes are not able to meet the requirements of the large commercial chains by themselves. Only the cooperation could bring an effective solution. The POs are able to concentrate the scatteredsmall-scale commercial production and to supply as well as to homogenise all these. Furthermore, they are capable to provide activities, which a small-scale producer would not be able to undertake by itself. POs are the organisations which can become successful suppliers and due to their strong bargaining power also partners of the large commercial chains. The great number of small-scale producers can primarily become suppliers if they join these organisations. The POs are not yet frequent in the Hungarian fruit and vegetable sector; therefore, they do not play such a role in supplying to the large commercial chains as in the other Member States of the European Union. This is the fundamental reason of the difficulties encountered by the small-scale producers in supplying. The main reason of the difficulties between the successful Member States and Hungary is the significant share of the grey economy. On the one hand, it does not encourage the small-scale producers and on the other hand, it withdraws a large volume of goods from the legal sales channels through the POs. -- commerce ; concentration ; large commercial chains ; fruit and vegetable Producer Organisations

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024580
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    hdl: 10419/108246
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/22
    Schlagworte: Gemüsebau; Obstbau; Landwirtschaftliche Betriebsform; KMU; Unternehmenskonzentration; Handelskette; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: [80] S., 915,32 KB), graph. Darst., Kt.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  10. Benzinárak földrajzi meghatározása
    Autor*in: Békés, Gábor; Koren, Miklós; Zsohár, Péter
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The theory of geographical markets is based on the notion that economic activity is not evenly spread and regional inequalities have an impact on the decisions of economic agents. Retail gasoline markets are almost perfect examples of geographical... mehr

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    The theory of geographical markets is based on the notion that economic activity is not evenly spread and regional inequalities have an impact on the decisions of economic agents. Retail gasoline markets are almost perfect examples of geographical markets. The gasoline sold by the stations is a fairly homogeneous good and hence, stations compete for customers locally only. In this study we analyze how market structure, geographical attributes and in particular, demand will influence prices. Our work is a natural follow-up to the study of Csorba et al. (2009) who showed that Hungarian retail gasoline prices are affected by conditions of market competition. Compared to the related literature there are two novelties in this study. First, the dataset allows us combining station specific and local attributes to explain prices. With some chains applying different strategies compared to smaller firms, this is an important complementary feature compared to the studies relying on purely region/local market specific attributes. Second, we extend the estimation of the demand side and partly use it as instruments. Local GDP and population density are two common proxies for demand. We extend the analysis from households to contain firms' and transit traffic demand. To estimate the elasticity of demand we use quantitative (population, number of firms and tourists) and income-effect (per capita income, ratio of big firms and foreign tourists) variables. This methodology enables us to instrument station density, used in classical price estimation models, (partly) with demand factors. We find that demand influences prices mainly through the number of stations. There is some local price variation across chains, and the composition of station has a small impact as well. It is an interesting result, which, along with highways and country borders, has an effect on price determination. -- geographical markets ; retail gasoline ; 2SLS estimation

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024672
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    hdl: 10419/108244
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/30
    Schlagworte: Benzinpreis; Tankstelle; Nachfrage; Marktstruktur; Schätzung
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 30 S., 776,84 KB), graph. Darst., Kt.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  11. A magyar külkereskedő vállalatok
    Autor*in: Békés, Gábor; Halpern, László; Muraközy, Balázs
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    This paper presents the specificities of Hungarian foreign trading firms from different perspectives, like concentration, efficiency and sectoral structure. Hungarian trade is highly concentrated similarly to other countries. Trading firms are more... mehr

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    This paper presents the specificities of Hungarian foreign trading firms from different perspectives, like concentration, efficiency and sectoral structure. Hungarian trade is highly concentrated similarly to other countries. Trading firms are more efficient than their non-trading peers, exporting firms lead the ranking. The trading status is more important in the efficiency ranking than the domestic vs. foreign ownership. This has primary relevance to policies, as they should remove all the barriers what firms confront when entering foreign markets in order to enhance productivity. -- foreign trade ; total factor productivity ; firms in Hungary

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024870
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    hdl: 10419/108243
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/43
    Schlagworte: Außenhandel; Produktivität; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 30 S., 453,07 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  12. A kockázati tőkeipar két évtizedes fejlődése Magyarországon
    Autor*in: Karsai, Judit
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    -- Venture Capital ; Private Equity ; Buyout, Merger & Acquisition ; Corporate Restructuring mehr

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    -- Venture Capital ; Private Equity ; Buyout, Merger & Acquisition ; Corporate Restructuring

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024757
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    hdl: 10419/108236
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/36
    Schlagworte: Risikokapital; Private Equity; Übernahme; Organisatorischer Wandel; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 43 S., 427,86 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. und engl. Sprache
  13. A kis- és középvállalkozások növekedését meghatározó tényezők
    a különböző finanszírozási formák hatása a vállalati növekedésre
    Autor*in: Antal-Pomázi, Krisztina
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The study provides a brief summary of the theoretical and empirical considerations related to the possible determinants of firm growth. With a special focus on small and medium-sized firms, we investigate the role of the availability of internal and... mehr

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    The study provides a brief summary of the theoretical and empirical considerations related to the possible determinants of firm growth. With a special focus on small and medium-sized firms, we investigate the role of the availability of internal and external finance. After examining the key factors influencing the decision on a company's capital structure, we present some facts on the situation of SMEs in Europe and especially Hungary, in order to see what type of governmental programs seem to be reasonable on economic grounds in fostering the growth of small firms. We present recent empirical evidence on the relationship between firm growth and its determinants, and show how the evolution of the firm size distribution can be explained by taking into account the financial constraints faced by small firms. -- small and medium-sized enterprises ; firm growth ; capital structure

     
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    ISBN: 9786155024405
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    hdl: 10419/108214
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/9
    Schlagworte: Unternehmenswachstum; Kapitalstruktur; KMU; Ungarn; Europa
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 36 S., 299,70 KB), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  14. A 2006-os "kétszeres minimálbér szabály" hatása a szürkegazdaságra
    Autor*in: Reizer, Balázs
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Since 2006, the law has changed in a way that the expected wage of the employers has to be at least the double of the minimum wage. The employers who pay less than this amount to their employees are more likely to be audited by the tax authority.... mehr

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    Since 2006, the law has changed in a way that the expected wage of the employers has to be at least the double of the minimum wage. The employers who pay less than this amount to their employees are more likely to be audited by the tax authority. According to my hypothesis this change has decreased significantly the amount of envelop wages. My aim is to examine empirically the difference between conformation of the legal and informal wages and the behaviour of tax evading companies after the introduction of this new tax law. -- tax evasion ; wage distribution

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9786155024528
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108462
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labor market ; 2011,4
    Schlagworte: Steuervermeidung; Lohnstruktur; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 52 S., 503,83 KB), graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  15. Közgazdasági kutatások szerepe az oktatási rendszerek fejlesztésében
    Autor*in: Fazekas, Károly
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The starting point of this paper is a widely shared fundamental preference according to which Hungary should follow a fast, sustainable development path and catch up with the developed world in the foreseeable future. Questions raised in this paper... mehr

    Standort:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 151 (2011,7)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    The starting point of this paper is a widely shared fundamental preference according to which Hungary should follow a fast, sustainable development path and catch up with the developed world in the foreseeable future. Questions raised in this paper are related to the instrumental preferences. How is catching up most likely to succeed? What is the role of improved education in accelerating economic growth? Once we found the right education policy to align with that goal how can we make the best use of our resources? In what fields economic research can contribute to the betterment of education policy? -- economics of education ; education policy

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9786155024382
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108213
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2011/7
    Schlagworte: Bildungsökonomik; Bildungspolitik; Ungarn
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 18 S., 357,98 KB)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache