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  1. Rediscutindo a delimitação das regiões metropolitanas no Brasil
    um exercício a partir dos critérios da década de 1970
    Autor*in: Branco, Maria Luisa G. Castello; Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Nadalin, Vanessa Gapriotti
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    Since the National Constitution of 1988, state governments are responsible for defining their own metropolitan areas in Brazil. However, the criteria for boundaries delimitation are not clearly defined as a rule. As a consequence, it is not possible... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    Since the National Constitution of 1988, state governments are responsible for defining their own metropolitan areas in Brazil. However, the criteria for boundaries delimitation are not clearly defined as a rule. As a consequence, it is not possible to weigh the pros and cons of the employed methodologies. Furthermore, comparative analysis on the performance of social and economic indicators in these metropolitan areas can be compromised as result of using multiple methodologies for defining territorial limits. The discussion of this issue could not be more timely, as the National Congress is currently debating a bill (aka Statute of the Metropolis) that proposes one single method for defining national metropolitan areas and its boundaries. To contribute to this debate, we estimate in this paper the metropolitan areas Brazil would have in 2010 by applying to the whole country the same criteria and following one single method. For this purpose, we have adopted the same method and criteria originally used for the definition of the first metropolitan areas of the country in the 1970’s, with minor adjustments. The obtained results are then compared with the official metropolitan areas showing rather different figures. Compared with official areas, our estimates show a metropolitan Brazil i) comprising a smaller number of metropolitan areas; ii) covering about half the number of municipalities; iii) with stronger commuting ties; iv) occupying a land area about three times more compact and dense; and yet v) with minor differences in terms of population size and GDP.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91377
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1860
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (45 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  2. Tempo de deslocamento casa-trabalho no Brasil (1992 - 2009)
    diferenças entre regiões metropolitanas, níveis de renda e sexo
    Autor*in: Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Schwanen, Tim
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    This study analyzes trends in average commute times in Brazil between 1992 and 2009. It distinguishes between the nine largest metropolitan areas plus the Federal District of Brasília and describes how differences among these areas vary according to... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    This study analyzes trends in average commute times in Brazil between 1992 and 2009. It distinguishes between the nine largest metropolitan areas plus the Federal District of Brasília and describes how differences among these areas vary according to income levels and gender. This paper is based on the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), a source of data hitherto little used for transportation studies in Brazil. PNAD data is not conceived strictly for transport planning but is the only large-scale survey in Brazil with annual information since 1992 on commute time at national and subnational levels (states and metropolitan areas). Five main findings are stressed. First, travel to work trips tend to be 31% longer in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the two largest metropolitan areas (MAs) in the country, than the in the other MAs. Second, workers in the poorest population segment (1st income decile) spend on average 20% more time on commuting than the wealthiest decile; 19% of the former make home-to-work trips longer than 1 hour against only 11% in the wealthiest group. Third, this gap in commute time between rich and poor is spatially contingent; it is large in Belo Horizonte, Curitiba and Federal District but almost nonexistent in Salvador, Recife, Fortaleza and Belém. Fourth, the data reveal worsening conditions for urban transport since 1992 as reflected in longer average commuting times. However, these worsening conditions have been more pronounced in the 1st income decile and especially the 7th-10th deciles. As a result, the overall differences across income groups have actually weakened during the period 1992-2009. Finally, the gender gap in average commuting times has been reduced considerably over the period considered with only small gaps remaining in the extreme income groups. The present study highlights that trends in average commute times in emerging economies, such as Brazil, need not follow the same trajectories as in the Global North. It also shows the importance of not focusing on national trends only; this will obscure important differences between urban regions. From a policy perspective, the paper shows the usefulness of the PNAD data for monitoring urban mobility conditions in Brazilian major MAs. Yearly variations in commuting time can among others be used to assess the effects of mass transport investments on urban transport conditions. -- Brazil ; commute time ; inequality ; metropolitan areas ; income ; gender

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91337
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1813
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (31 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  3. Tempo de deslocamento casa-trabalho no Brasil (1992 - 2009)
    diferenças entre regiões metropolitanas, níveis de renda e sexo
    Autor*in: Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Schwanen, Tim
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    This study analyzes trends in average commute times in Brazil between 1992 and 2009. It distinguishes between the nine largest metropolitan areas plus the Federal District of Brasília and describes how differences among these areas vary according to... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (1813)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    This study analyzes trends in average commute times in Brazil between 1992 and 2009. It distinguishes between the nine largest metropolitan areas plus the Federal District of Brasília and describes how differences among these areas vary according to income levels and gender. This paper is based on the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) carried out by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), a source of data hitherto little used for transportation studies in Brazil. PNAD data is not conceived strictly for transport planning but is the only large-scale survey in Brazil with annual information since 1992 on commute time at national and subnational levels (states and metropolitan areas). Five main findings are stressed. First, travel to work trips tend to be 31% longer in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, the two largest metropolitan areas (MAs) in the country, than the in the other MAs. Second, workers in the poorest population segment (1st income decile) spend on average 20% more time on commuting than the wealthiest decile; 19% of the former make home-to-work trips longer than 1 hour against only 11% in the wealthiest group. Third, this gap in commute time between rich and poor is spatially contingent; it is large in Belo Horizonte, Curitiba and Federal District but almost nonexistent in Salvador, Recife, Fortaleza and Belém. Fourth, the data reveal worsening conditions for urban transport since 1992 as reflected in longer average commuting times. However, these worsening conditions have been more pronounced in the 1st income decile and especially the 7th-10th deciles. As a result, the overall differences across income groups have actually weakened during the period 1992-2009. Finally, the gender gap in average commuting times has been reduced considerably over the period considered with only small gaps remaining in the extreme income groups. The present study highlights that trends in average commute times in emerging economies, such as Brazil, need not follow the same trajectories as in the Global North. It also shows the importance of not focusing on national trends only; this will obscure important differences between urban regions. From a policy perspective, the paper shows the usefulness of the PNAD data for monitoring urban mobility conditions in Brazilian major MAs. Yearly variations in commuting time can among others be used to assess the effects of mass transport investments on urban transport conditions. -- Brazil ; commute time ; inequality ; metropolitan areas ; income ; gender

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91337
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1813
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (31 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  4. Rediscutindo a delimitação das regiões metropolitanas no Brasil
    um exercício a partir dos critérios da década de 1970
    Autor*in: Branco, Maria Luisa G. Castello; Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Nadalin, Vanessa Gapriotti
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    Since the National Constitution of 1988, state governments are responsible for defining their own metropolitan areas in Brazil. However, the criteria for boundaries delimitation are not clearly defined as a rule. As a consequence, it is not possible... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (1860)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Since the National Constitution of 1988, state governments are responsible for defining their own metropolitan areas in Brazil. However, the criteria for boundaries delimitation are not clearly defined as a rule. As a consequence, it is not possible to weigh the pros and cons of the employed methodologies. Furthermore, comparative analysis on the performance of social and economic indicators in these metropolitan areas can be compromised as result of using multiple methodologies for defining territorial limits. The discussion of this issue could not be more timely, as the National Congress is currently debating a bill (aka Statute of the Metropolis) that proposes one single method for defining national metropolitan areas and its boundaries. To contribute to this debate, we estimate in this paper the metropolitan areas Brazil would have in 2010 by applying to the whole country the same criteria and following one single method. For this purpose, we have adopted the same method and criteria originally used for the definition of the first metropolitan areas of the country in the 1970’s, with minor adjustments. The obtained results are then compared with the official metropolitan areas showing rather different figures. Compared with official areas, our estimates show a metropolitan Brazil i) comprising a smaller number of metropolitan areas; ii) covering about half the number of municipalities; iii) with stronger commuting ties; iv) occupying a land area about three times more compact and dense; and yet v) with minor differences in terms of population size and GDP.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91377
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1860
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (45 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  5. Efeitos da variação da tarifa e da renda da população sobre a demanda de transporte público coletivo urbano no Brasil
    Autor*in: Carvalho, Carlos Henrique Ribeiro de; Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CEPAL, Brasília, DF

    The public policies on mass transit and other economic policies have been unable to avoid increasing mass transit costs and urban bus fares, which places a burden on a majority of the population depending on public transit. This study analyzes the... mehr

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (1595)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    The public policies on mass transit and other economic policies have been unable to avoid increasing mass transit costs and urban bus fares, which places a burden on a majority of the population depending on public transit. This study analyzes the variations in urban bus fares and households income and analyzes their effects on the demand of paying commuters in 9 large Brazilian cities between 1995 and 2008. The study shows that a gap between the rise of urban bus fares and the population's income led to a decrease of more than 30% of the paying demand between 1995 and 2003. According to the price elasticity estimated in this study, demand for bus services has exhibited elastic behavior since 2001. Since then, the gradual increase observed in population income seems to buffer against persistent fare increases. The recovery of average household per capita income since then seems to support a reversal of downward trends in the number of paying passengers and increase access to public bus services. The number of paying passengers increased about 9.5% between 2003 and 2008.The evolution of the sector's main costs complement the study, permitting an analysis of the many factors that have caused the continuous increases of bus fares in metropolitan Brazil during this period. The study concludes highlighting some public policies that could provide a better economic environment for the provision of efficient and affordable transit services.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91133
    Schriftenreihe: Textos para discussao CEPAL - IPEA ; 1595
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 34 S., 1,10 MB), graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  6. Transporte e mobilidade urbana
    Autor*in: Vasconcelos, Eduardo Alcântara de; Carvalho, Carlos Henrique Ribeiro de; Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CEPAL, Brasília, DF

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (34=1552)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91298
    Schriftenreihe: Textos para discussão CEPAL - IPEA ; 34=1552
    Schlagworte: Stadtverkehr; Brasilien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 74 S., 4,52 MB), graph. Darst.
  7. Projeções de mão de obra qualificada no Brasil
    uma proposta inicial com cenários para a disponibilidade de engenheiros até 2020
    Autor*in: Pereira, Rafael Henrique Moraes; Nascimento, Paulo A. Meyer M.; Araújo, Thiago Costa
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Inst. de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília, DF

    Research on population projections and estimates are well-developed worldwide. Nonetheless, methodological advances are still required when it comes to educationspecific population projections. This paper aims to contribute in this matter presenting... mehr

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (1663)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Research on population projections and estimates are well-developed worldwide. Nonetheless, methodological advances are still required when it comes to educationspecific population projections. This paper aims to contribute in this matter presenting a method to project specialised workforce in Brazil. The proposed method conjugates four different public databases which are easily accessible and can be used to project professionals with different higher education qualifications by sex and age. Moreover, the method is applied to estimate engineering workforce availability in Brazil up to 2020.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91091
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão ; 1663
    Schlagworte: Bevölkerungsprognose; Arbeitskräftepotenzial; Brasilien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 51 S., 1,07 MB), graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache