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  1. Yyteistä uuteen alkuun : toimittajien kertomuksia mediatyön murroksesta
    Autor*in: Harju, Auli; Koljonen, Kari; Heinonen, Ari
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Tampere University Press, Tampere

    "Towards New Beginnings: Journalists’ Descriptions about Ruptures in Media Work This volume reveals a previously untold view on changes in media work in Finland. Finnish journalists relate their experiences of being made redundant or deciding to... mehr

     

    "Towards New Beginnings: Journalists’ Descriptions about Ruptures in Media Work This volume reveals a previously untold view on changes in media work in Finland. Finnish journalists relate their experiences of being made redundant or deciding to resign, and their views on their profession in a time of flux. The data are based on telephone surveys, in-depth interviews and journalists’ written accounts.

     

    Journalists are riddled with insecurity about their future. They feel they have borne the brunt of misplaced investments and the economic conjuncture, and their work motivation and creativity have suffered due to recurring layoffs in newsrooms. Support from employment authorities for finding a new job has also been practically non-existent, and coping with a career change has generated further stress and insecurity. However, journalists who have found new employment typically feel more comfortable in these jobs than in their former work. Career shifters have also been able to make use of their journalistic skills in their new jobs and identify themselves as journalists.

     

    The authors are from the Research Centre for Journalism, Media and Communication (COMET) at the University of Tampere, Finland. The study was funded by the Finnish Work Environment Fund and the Foundation for Promoting Journalistic Culture (JOKES).

    " " Teos tarjoaa uutta, kokemusperäistä tietoa toimittajista mediatyön murroksessa. Suomalaiset journalismin tekijät kertovat kokemuksistaan ja näkemyksistään, kun oma työsuhde päättyy irtisanomiseen tai irtisanoutumiseen ja kun oma ammatti käy läpi merkittävää murrosvaihetta. Toimittajien kokemuksia yt-neuvotteluista, työttömyydestä ja uudelleentyöllistymisestä on koottu teosta varten puhelinkyselyllä, teemahaastatteluin sekä toimittajien laatimilla kirjoitelmilla. Tutkimuksen mukaan toimittajia jäytää epävarmuus tulevaisuudesta. Ammattikunta kokee joutuneensa virheinvestointien ja suhdanteiden sijaiskärsijäksi, ja työmotivaatio sekä luovuus ovat kärsineet toistuvien yt-kierrosten takia. Uuden työn löytäminen on jäänyt jokaisen omalle kontolle; työvoimaviranomaisilta ei ole herunut edes rohkaisua uuteen alkuun. Vanhasta työstä luopuminen ja uuteen sopeutuminen ovat kuormittaneet ja luoneet epävarmuutta esimerkiksi pärjäämisestä. Tutkimukseen haastatellut uudelleentyöllistyneet toimittajat kertoivat silti viihtyvänsä uudessa työssä paremmin kuin edellisessä työpaikassa. Vaikka toimittaja oli vaihtanut toiselle alalle, hän pystyi yhä hyödyntämään journalistista osaamistaan ja tuntemaan itsensä edelleen toimittajaksi.

     

    Teos on tarkoitettu paitsi tutkijoille ja opiskelijoille myös mediatyötä ja laajemminkin tietotyötä tekeville. Se sopii luettavaksi myös muille mediasta ja työelämästä kiinnostuneille.

     

    Kirjan tekijät ovat tutkija Auli Harju, journalistiikan yliopistonlehtori Kari Koljonen ja journalistiikan professori Ari Heinonen. Kirjan perustana oleva tutkimustyö on tehty Journalismin, viestinnän ja median tutkimuskeskus COMETissa, Tampereen yliopistossa, ja tutkimusta ovat tukeneet Työsuojelurahasto ja Journalistisen kulttuurin edistämissäätiö.

    "

     
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    Quelle: OAPEN
    Sprache: Finnisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
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    Schlagworte: Media studies; Office & workplace
    Weitere Schlagworte: journalists; media work; employment; experiences; dismissal; journalism; change; unemployment; working life; cooperation procedure; survey
    Umfang: 1 electronic resource (181 p.)
  2. Time use, unemployment, and well-being
    an empirical analysis using British time-use data
    Autor*in: Hoang, Thi Truong An; Knabe, Andreas
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We use nationally representative data from the UK Time-Use Survey 2014/2015 to investigate how a person's employment status is related to time use and cognitive and affective dimensions of subjective well-being. We find that unemployed persons report... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 63
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    We use nationally representative data from the UK Time-Use Survey 2014/2015 to investigate how a person's employment status is related to time use and cognitive and affective dimensions of subjective well-being. We find that unemployed persons report substantially lower levels of life satisfaction than employed persons. When looking at specific types of activities, the unemployed enjoy most of the activities they engage in less than the employed. However, the employed consider working to be one of the least enjoyable activities. They also spend a large share of their time at work and with work-related activities, while the unemployed spend more time on leisure and more enjoyable activities instead. When looking at duration-weighted average affective well-being over the entire waking time of the day, our results suggest that the benefit of having to spend less time at work outweighs the negative emotional effect of unemployment during leisure episodes, such that the unemployed experience, on average, more enjoyment during the day than the employed.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/198941
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 7581 (March 2019)
    Schlagworte: unemployment; happiness; affective well-being; time use; Day Reconstruction Method
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten)
  3. Marktnarrative
    naturalisierende Erzählungen der Start-up-Ökonomie
    Autor*in: Steffen, Johannes
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Cuvillier Verlag, Göttingen

    Standort:
    Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek, Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum
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  4. Having fiscal space and using it
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  The World Bank, Washington, D.C

    Global growth again disappointed in 2014 but a lackluster recovery is underway, with increasingly divergent prospects in major economies. Looking ahead, growth is expected to rise slowly, supported by continued recovery in high-income countries and... mehr

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Standort:
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Global growth again disappointed in 2014 but a lackluster recovery is underway, with increasingly divergent prospects in major economies. Looking ahead, growth is expected to rise slowly, supported by continued recovery in high-income countries and receding domestic headwinds in developing economies. Weak global trade growth and lower commodity prices are projected to persist while financial conditions will likely tighten gradually. Risks to the outlook are still tilted to the downside. The stability of remittances may help some of the lowest-income countries weather shocks. In some developing economies, monetary policy challenges may be attenuated if falling commodity prices reduce inflationary pressures. Fiscal stimulus could effectively support growth if there is sufficient fiscal space. Some developing countries, however, have to rebuild fiscal space to preserve their ability to implement countercyclical fiscal policy, which has served them well over the decade. Both high-income and developing countries need to undertake structural reforms that promote growth and job creation and help achieve poverty reduction goals. The Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report. On a twice yearly basis (January and June), it examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on developing countries. The report includes analysis of topical policy challenges faced by developing countries through extensive research in the January edition and shorter pieces in the June edition

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464804441
    Schriftenreihe: Global economic prospects ; January 2015
    A World Bank Group flagship report
    Schlagworte: capital inflows; consumption; developing countries; fiscal policy; forecasts; global trade; growth; inflation; macroeconomic outlook; macroeconomics; oil prices; outlook; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online Ressource (216 Seiten)
  5. Von Nicht-Arbeit erzählen
    Erwerbsarbeitslosigkeit in der Gegenwartsliteratur
    Autor*in: Mühlbach, Lydia
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Brill | Fink, Paderborn

    Lydia Mühlbach untersucht literarische Verhandlungen des Themas Nicht-Arbeit in zeitgenössischen Romanen und diskutiert ihre Befunde in Auseinandersetzung mit sozialtheoretischen Gouvernementalitätskonzepten. Im gegenwärtigen Diskurs gelten... mehr

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    Lydia Mühlbach untersucht literarische Verhandlungen des Themas Nicht-Arbeit in zeitgenössischen Romanen und diskutiert ihre Befunde in Auseinandersetzung mit sozialtheoretischen Gouvernementalitätskonzepten. Im gegenwärtigen Diskurs gelten Arbeitslose als in besonderem Maße aktivierungsbedürftig („Fördern und Fordern“). Entsprechende Aktivierungsbemühungen der arbeitsmarktpolitischen Institutionen und ihre psychosozialen Auswirkungen beleuchten die von Mühlbach analysierten Texte von Jakob Hein, Anna Weidenholzer und Robert Naumann. Mit literarischen Mitteln spielen sie Konzepte, Ästhetiken und Werthaltungen zur Nicht-Arbeit durch, bringen Unterschiede zwischen erstem und zweitem Arbeitsmarkt in den Blick, problematisieren Kommunikationsweisen der Arbeitslosenverwaltung, experimentieren mit Formen programmatisch gewählten Nicht(s)tuns und leisten damit einen kritischen Beitrag zur Debatte.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Beteiligt: Unger, Thorsten (AkademischeR BetreuerIn)
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783846765913
    Weitere Identifier:
    9783846765913
    RVK Klassifikation: GO 16001
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    Schlagworte: Nichtstun; Verweigerung; Hartz IV; Arbeitslosenverwaltung; Müßiggang; Macht; Kritik; Prekariat; zweiter Arbeitsmarkt; Arbeitslosigkeit; doing nothing; refusal; unemployment administration; idleness; power; second labor market; governmentality; criticism; unemployment; precarity
    Umfang: 1 online resource (381 p.)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Online resource; title from title screen (viewed February 28, 2022)
  6. Unemployment in a commodity-rich economy
    how relevant is dutch disease?
    Autor*in: Kulish, Mariano; Morley, James C.; Yamout, Nadine; Zanetti, Francesco
    Erschienen: 26 April 2024
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP19023
    Schlagworte: Dutch Disease; commodity prices; unemployment; structural change; struc-tural transformation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Having fiscal space and using it
    Erschienen: January 2015
    Verlag:  The World Bank, Washington, D.C

    As in previous years, global growth disappointed in 2014, but a lackluster recovery is underway, with increasingly divergent prospects in major economies and developing countries. Looking ahead, growth is expected to rise slowly, supported by... mehr

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    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Standort:
    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Standort:
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    As in previous years, global growth disappointed in 2014, but a lackluster recovery is underway, with increasingly divergent prospects in major economies and developing countries. Looking ahead, growth is expected to rise slowly, supported by continued recovery in highincome countries, low oil prices, and receding domestic headwinds in developing economies. However, continued weak global trade growth and gradually tightening financial conditions will constrain the recovery. Risks to the outlook remain tilted to the downside. In addition to discussing global and regional economic developments and prospects, this edition of Global Economic Prospects includes four essays that analyze key challenges and opportunities currently confronting developing countries: fiscal policy as a countercyclical policy tool; causes and implications of cheap oil; weak trade that fails to act as an engine of growth; and remittances as a means of steadying consumption during sudden stops. Global Economic Prospects is a World Bank Group Flagship Report. On a semiannual basis (January and June), it examines global economic developments and prospects, with a special focus on developing countries. The report includes analysis of topical policy challenges faced by developing countries through in-depth research in the January edition and shorter analytical pieces in the June edition

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464804458
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: Global economic prospects ; January 2015
    A World Bank Group flagship report
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagworte: Weltwirtschaft; Weltwirtschaftsordnung; Wirtschaftsentwicklung; Entwicklung; Tendenz; commodities; emerging markets; fiscal space; global economy; poverty; remittances; structural reforms; trade; developing countries; fiscal policy; oil prices; consumption; forecasts; global trade; growth; inflation; macroeconomic outlook; macroeconomics; capital inflows; outlook; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online Ressource (216 Seiten)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Description based on print version record
  8. The macroeconomic effects of labor and product market reforms in Morocco
    Autor*in: Sarr, Babacar; Benlamine, Mokhtar; Munkacsi, Zsuzsa
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    This paper studies the macroeconomic effects and sequencing of (LMRs) and product (PMRs) market reforms in Morocco. It finds that introducing LMRs and PMRs simultaneously would add about 2.5 percentage points (pp) of GDP growth and reduce... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    This paper studies the macroeconomic effects and sequencing of (LMRs) and product (PMRs) market reforms in Morocco. It finds that introducing LMRs and PMRs simultaneously would add about 2.5 percentage points (pp) of GDP growth and reduce unemployment by about 2.2 pp after five years. If sequencing is required, starting with PMRs would be more effective in boosting output, while starting with LMRs would reduce unemployment faster. Finally, increasing unemployment benefits would be more effective if this reform takes place after the implementation of LMRs and PMRs

     
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  9. Explaining high unemployment in ECCU countries
    Autor*in: James, Ronald; Lafeuillee, Jemma; Li, Xin; Salinas, Gonzalo; Savchenko, Yevgeniya
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    In recent years, unemployment rates in some ECCU countries have been among the highest globally. This paper evaluates several factors that could explain them, finding that high unit labor costs, in a context of strong unionization, are significantly... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    In recent years, unemployment rates in some ECCU countries have been among the highest globally. This paper evaluates several factors that could explain them, finding that high unit labor costs, in a context of strong unionization, are significantly associated with high structural unemployment, while the global crisis added a cyclical component. Our analysis also suggests that high-paid jobs in the public and tourism sectors, which have been growing considerably in recent decades, could have increased the reservation wage and lowered labor force participation. We find no indication that high structural unemployment is related to the phase out of EU preferences on bananas/sugar exports or to a skills mismatch. As expected, unemployment has been substantially, but only temporarily fueled by large natural disasters

     
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  10. Gender gaps in the labor market and economic growth
    Autor*in: Agénor, Pierre-Richard; Ozdemir, Kamer Karakurum; Moreira, Emmanuel Pinto
    Erschienen: December 2018
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice, Washington, DC, USA

    Standort:
    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    Standort:
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 8661
    Schlagworte: gender inequality; unemployment; economic growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Who is bowling alone?
    quantile treatment effects of unemployment on social participation
    Autor*in: Kunze, Lars; Suppa, Nicolai
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    This article examines heterogeneity in the effect of unemployment on social participation. Whereas existing studies on this relationship essentially estimate mean effects, we use quantile regression methods to provide a broader and more complete... mehr

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    Deutsches Zentrum für Altersfragen e.V. (DZA), Bibliothek
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    This article examines heterogeneity in the effect of unemployment on social participation. Whereas existing studies on this relationship essentially estimate mean effects, we use quantile regression methods to provide a broader and more complete picture. To account for the potential endogeneity of job loss, we estimate quantile treatment effects (on the treated) based on entropy balancing and focus on unemployment due to plant closures. Using German panel data, we show that the effect of unemployment varies across the distribution of public social activities. It is large and negative for individuals in the middle and lower part of the distribution of public activities, whereas those participating a lot are not affected. By contrast, the effect of unemployment on private social participation is virtually zero for individuals at the lower part of the outcome distribution and weakly positive in the middle. Our findings suggest that active labor market policies should account for target-group specific elements, tailored to those individuals which are most adversely affected by unemployment.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/218997
    Schriftenreihe: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 1077 (2020)
    Schlagworte: unemployment; social participation; plant closure; quantile treatment effects; entropy balancing
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Insights into skill shortages and skill mismatch
    learning from CEDEFOP's European skills and jobs survey
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This publication focuses on a topic of critical concern for policy-makers in recent years: skill mismatch. Cedefop has been active in skill mismatch research and analysis for almost a decade now, identifying significant areas of concern and... mehr

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    This publication focuses on a topic of critical concern for policy-makers in recent years: skill mismatch. Cedefop has been active in skill mismatch research and analysis for almost a decade now, identifying significant areas of concern and contention surrounding the issue, including clarification of key concepts. It has also engaged in original data collection and analysis, resulting in several publications. Most prominently, in spring 2014 Cedefop undertook the first European skills and jobs survey (ESJS), a large-scale primary data collection of about 49 000 adult employees in 28 EU Member States. This report summarises many of the insights gained by closer empirical scrutiny of this new European data set. We focus on skill mismatch because the economic crisis, with its mass destruction of jobs in some sectors, was associated with a significant decline in employment for individuals with lower qualifications and skills. The average duration of unemployment was extended and long-term unemployment, primarily comprising the lower-educated, expanded to a wide range of employees at all levels. In some EU countries traditional modes of production and business models have been disrupted greatly. Research revealed that these growing labour market imbalances have seeped into higher structural unemployment rates, with the consequence of exacerbated concern that skill mismatch is worsening in the EU. Shifts in skill demand and supply have been reflected in the stated inability of employers to fill their vacancies with people that have the right skills. Data repeated by several sources indicated that four in 10 EU employers said in 2013 that they have difficulty finding the right skills when recruiting. When looking to the future, further concern arises that Europe may be unprepared for the evolution of a new digitalised economic reality. For example, Cedefop's European skills forecasting model projects that by 2025 about 48% of all job opportunities in Europe will need to be filled by individuals with tertiary-level qualifications. The ESJS also shows that about 85% of all EU jobs need at least a basic digital skills level. It is visible, even to the untrained eye, that unripe technological advances, such as machine learning, big data analytics, the internet of things and advanced robotics, together with restructuring in global value chains, are reshaping the world of work as we know it today. Existing research on skill mismatch has revealed that there are sizeable differences in the magnitude and economic costs of the many different types of skill mismatch. One-size-fits-all policies are unlikely to be effective as EU countries tend to suffer from different forms of the problem but it is clear that undertaking policies to reduce skill mismatch can result in sizeable efficiency gains. A Cedefop estimate, based on the ESJS, has shown that the existing skills of the EU's workforce fall about one fifth short of what is needed for workers to carry out their jobs at their highest productivity level. This calls for concerted action to stimulate further adult learning in Europe.

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279856693
    Weitere Identifier:
    3075 EN
    Schriftenreihe: CEDEFOP reference series ; 106
    Schlagworte: Qualifikation; Fachkräfte; Unterbeschäftigung; Humankapital; Berufsbildungspolitik; Digitalisierung; Arbeitsmarkt; EU-Staaten; skilled worker; unemployment; job vacancy; apprenticeship; firm governed by commercial law; vocational education; vocational training; labour market; EU Member State; report
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 108 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Shifting priorities, building for the future
    Erschienen: June 2014
    Verlag:  The World Bank, Washington, DC

    The global economy got off to a bumpy start this year, but growth in 2015 and 2016 looks to be broadly on track. Projections for developing countries in 2014 have been down downgraded by 0.5 percentage points to 4.8 percent mainly reflecting weak... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    The global economy got off to a bumpy start this year, but growth in 2015 and 2016 looks to be broadly on track. Projections for developing countries in 2014 have been down downgraded by 0.5 percentage points to 4.8 percent mainly reflecting weak first quarter growth in the US due to weather and the conflict in Ukraine. Going forward growth is projected to firm to 5.3 and 5.5 percent in 2015 and 2016 supported by easy global financial conditions and rebounding exports as high-income countries continue to recover under the influence of a reduced drag from fiscal consolidation and improving labor markets. Financial conditions will eventually tighten, and when they do there is risk of further volatility. Most developing countries are in good fiscal and financial shape, but where vulnerabilities remain countries need to tighten policy to reduce the potential impact of external shocks. Overall, growth for developing countries will be solid but not strong enough to generate the income and employment gains needed to eliminate poverty by 2013. As a result, countries need to focus on structural reform in order to lift growth in and enduring and sustainable manner

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781464803871
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10986/12102
    Schriftenreihe: Global economic prospects ; volume 9 (June 2014)
    A World Bank Group flagship report
    Schlagworte: capital inflows; developing countries; forecast; growth; high-income countries; inflation; macroeconomics; monetary easing; outlook; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 144 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Identifying and addressing employment barriers in Belgium, Korea and Norway
    Autor*in: Fernández, Rodrigo; Hijzen, Alexander; Pacifico, Daniele; Thewissen, Stefan
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris

    This paper documents joblessness in OECD countries, provides a detailed diagnosis of structural employment barriers in Belgium, Korea and Norway by applying the OECD Faces of Joblessness methodology to the situation just before the COVID-19 crisis... mehr

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    This paper documents joblessness in OECD countries, provides a detailed diagnosis of structural employment barriers in Belgium, Korea and Norway by applying the OECD Faces of Joblessness methodology to the situation just before the COVID-19 crisis and discusses the policy implications. It shows that individuals experiencing major employment difficulties often face a combination of barriers related to work availability, readiness and incentives. It suggests a number of avenues for enhancing the effectiveness of public support: i) make greater use of statistical profiling tools to adapt programmes to the needs of the jobless and target resources to those at the highest risk of long-term joblessness; ii) better coordinate support provided by employment, health and education services; iii) place a greater emphasis on preventive policies (equal opportunities, life-long learning).

     
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    Schriftenreihe: OECD social, employment and migration working papers ; no. 249
    Schlagworte: Employment; Social Issues/Migration/Health; Belgium; Korea, Republic of; Norway; active labour market programme; activation; unemployment; targeting; statistical profiling; overtime; working conditions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Towards reintegration
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Washington, DC

    The economy-wide positive impact of the JCPOA since January 2016 is proving to be slower than expected. Iran’s economy moderated to an estimated annual growth rate of 0.6 percent in 2015 ahead of the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of... mehr

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    The economy-wide positive impact of the JCPOA since January 2016 is proving to be slower than expected. Iran’s economy moderated to an estimated annual growth rate of 0.6 percent in 2015 ahead of the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). Following the removal of nuclear-related sanctions in January 2016, the growth rate is projected to average 4.5 percent in 2016–2018, up from a 0.5 percent average in 2013–2015. Thisprojected recovery which will rely on favorable external factors, is expected to be driven by (i) a significant increase in energy sector activity thanks to the removal of sanctions; (ii) increased inflows of foreigninvestment; and (iii) lower trade and financing costs that will help the non-oil sector contribute significantlyto overall growth and job creation. However, there are significant downsiderisks to Iran’s medium-term outlook. While the January 2016 lifting of the nuclear-related sanctions is expected to reveal the dynamism of the Iranian economy, a large structural reform agenda remains key in moving towards the ambitious growth target under the 6th five year development plan. The plan envisages the implementation of reforms of state-owned enterprises, the financial and banking sector, and a greater emphasis on the allocation and management of oil revenues to productive investments among the main priorities of the government during the five-year period

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Iran economic monitor ; Fall 2016
    Schlagworte: air pollution; economic growth; economic outlook; external position; fiscal trends; inequality; inflation; labor market; monetary policy; poverty; poverty trends; public finance; shared prosperity; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Side Effects of Labor Market Policies
    Autor*in: Caliendo, Marco; Mahlstedt, Robert; Berg, Gerard J. van den; Vikström, Johan
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Universität Potsdam, Potsdam

    Labor market policy tools such as training and sanctions are commonly used to help bring workers back to work. By analogy to medical treatments, the individual exposure to these tools may have side effects. We study effects on health using... mehr

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    Labor market policy tools such as training and sanctions are commonly used to help bring workers back to work. By analogy to medical treatments, the individual exposure to these tools may have side effects. We study effects on health using individual-level population registers on labor market events outcomes, drug prescriptions and sickness absence, comparing outcomes before and after exposure to training and sanctions. We find that training improves cardiovascular and mental health and lowers sickness absence. The results suggest that this is not due to improved employment prospects but rather to instantaneous features of participation such as, perhaps, the adoption of a more rigorous daily routine. Unemployment benefits sanctions cause a short-run deterioration of mental health, possibly due higher stress levels, but this tapers out quickly.

     
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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: October 8,2020
    Schriftenreihe: CEPA discussion papers ; No. 22
    Schlagworte: cardiovascular disease; depression; drugs; health; mental health; prescriptions; sanctions; sickness; training; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten, 751 KB), Abbildungen
  17. A structural model of the labor market to understand gender gaps among marginalized Roma communities
    Autor*in: Salazar-Saenz, Mauricio; Robayo-Abril, Monica
    Erschienen: September 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Poverty and Equity Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    This paper constructs and estimates a household-level search model to analyze Roma spouses' utility maximization for leisure, home production, and work. The paper aims to explain labor market gender gaps in a marginalized Roma population with low... mehr

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    This paper constructs and estimates a household-level search model to analyze Roma spouses' utility maximization for leisure, home production, and work. The paper aims to explain labor market gender gaps in a marginalized Roma population with low labor market participation rates (males 53 percent and females 17 percent). The analysis uses data from the 2017 Regional Roma Survey for six Western Balkan countries. The simulation results show that the main source for gender differentials in the labor market is the unequal opportunities in favor of males - not gender preferences or differences in home production productivity. Therefore, most of the gender differences in the labor market can be closed by providing wives the same labor market conditions as husbands. Counterfactual policy experiments show that policies that increase the frequency of receiving a job offer, decrease the frequency of laying off workers, and reduce search increase Roma husbands' labor participation. Policies that equalize wages induces more wives to join the labor market and husbands to withdraw from it. This outcome signals that the wage gap is the dimension that deters the greatest number of Roma wives from joining the labor market

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 9398
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagworte: gender gaps; labor force participation; Roma; unemployment; Western Balkans
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The impact of employer discrimination on female labor market outcomes
    experimental evidence from Tunisia
    Autor*in: Alaref, Jumana; Towfighian, Samira Nikaein; Paez, Gustavo N.; Audah, Mohammed
    Erschienen: August 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Social Protection and Jobs Global Practice & Education Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    The role of employer discrimination in widening labor market differences between men and women has been hypothesized and investigated in different settings. Using a field experiment, this paper examines the presence and magnitude of gender-based... mehr

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    The role of employer discrimination in widening labor market differences between men and women has been hypothesized and investigated in different settings. Using a field experiment, this paper examines the presence and magnitude of gender-based discrimination by employers at the point of screening in Tunisia. The study sent out 1,571 fictitious and substantially identical pairs of male and female resumes in response to online job advertisements. On average, women were 2.4 percentage points more likely than men to receive a callback from an employer. However, this average effect hides substantial heterogeneity across economic sectors. In the information technology sector, women were 15 percentage points less likely to receive a callback than men. No discrimination against or in favor of women is found in engineering, whereas in marketing and finance, women were 19 and 4 percentage points more likely to receive a callback, respectively. The paper also finds that, unlike men, women may suffer from discrimination based on their physical appearance. Veiled women were 8.5 percentage points less likely to receive a callback than non-veiled women. Overall, the findings suggest that, at the point of screening, employer discrimination against women in Tunisia is sector specific, and, on its own, it cannot fully explain the complex challenge of female unemployment in the country

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 9361
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagworte: Field experiment; labor discrimination; wage differential; economics of gender; skills; unemployment; labor economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Ex-ante evaluation of the impact of increases in minimum wages on labor market outcomes in Kosovo
    Autor*in: Robayo-Abril, Monica; Terskaya, Anastasia; Brodmann, Stefanie
    Erschienen: August 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Social Protection and Jobs Global Practice & Poverty and Equity Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    This paper uses microsimulation techniques to quantify the potential ex-ante impacts of several minimum wage increases on labor market outcomes in Kosovo. The results show that the overall impacts of a minimum wage increase in the baseline scenario... mehr

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    This paper uses microsimulation techniques to quantify the potential ex-ante impacts of several minimum wage increases on labor market outcomes in Kosovo. The results show that the overall impacts of a minimum wage increase in the baseline scenario are likely to be modest, although the impacts for some groups may be stronger. In the most extreme scenario, an increase to 250 euros per month, the simulated unemployment rate increases by 0.4 percentage point in the short term and about 0.6 percentage point in the long term. The youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) is anticipated to increase by up to 1.1 percentage points in this scenario, a relatively large increase considering the already high levels of unemployment among this group. Similarly, unemployment among the unskilled (with primary school or less) is simulated to increase by 0.6 percentage point in the short term and up to 0.8 percentage point in the long term. The paper finds that, even if raising the minimum wage is long overdue, due to decreasing nominal wages in real terms, policy needs to strike a fine balance between protecting workers and ensuring that employment effects are not too large

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 9357
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagworte: informality; minimum wage; public policy; unemployment; Kosovo
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Intangible investment and low inflation
    a framework and some evidence
    Autor*in: Lall, Subir; Zeng, Li
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Intangible investment is growing as a share of economic activity. We present a simple framework incorporating its distinguishing characteristic of generally greater scalability and lower marginal costs than tangible investment. We show evidence that... mehr

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    Intangible investment is growing as a share of economic activity. We present a simple framework incorporating its distinguishing characteristic of generally greater scalability and lower marginal costs than tangible investment. We show evidence that this may have contributed to more elastic aggregate supply in recent years, which is consistent with lower inflation and a flattening of the Phillips curve. This framework also highlights the channels through which technological change, a large constituent of intangible investment, may be leading to wage stagnation and greater market concentration

     
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  21. Labor market reform options to boost employment in South Africa
    Autor*in: Duval, Romain; Ji, Yi; Shibata, Ippei
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Raising South Africa's low employment rate to levels seen in emerging market or advanced economy peers could raise GDP per capita by 50 to 60 percent and reduce income inequality dramatically in the long term. By putting further strain on an already... mehr

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    Raising South Africa's low employment rate to levels seen in emerging market or advanced economy peers could raise GDP per capita by 50 to 60 percent and reduce income inequality dramatically in the long term. By putting further strain on an already fragile labor market, Covid-19 has raised the urgency of action. This paper reviews labor market policy and other reform options to enhance South Africa's job market performance, drawing from international evidence and new analysis. We find much scope for improving the design of key labor market institutions-including collective bargaining and employment protection legislation-and active labor market policies to improve job seekers' prospects. These reforms should come hand-in-hand with others, such as in the areas of education or product market regulation, that may work pay. Labor market and other reforms would primarily benefit disadvantaged groups such as youth

     
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  22. Okun's Law, development, and demographics
    differences in the cyclical sensitivities of unemployment across economy and worker groups
    Autor*in: An, Zidong; Bluedorn, John Christopher; Ciminelli, Gabriele
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The negative and stable relationship between an economy's aggregate demand conditions and overall unemployment is well-documented. We show that there is a large degree of heterogeneity in the cyclical sensitivities of unemployment across worker and... mehr

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    The negative and stable relationship between an economy's aggregate demand conditions and overall unemployment is well-documented. We show that there is a large degree of heterogeneity in the cyclical sensitivities of unemployment across worker and economy groups. First, unemployment is more than twice as sensitive to aggregate demand in advanced as in emerging market and developing economies. Second, youth's unemployment is twice as sensitive as that of adults'. Third, women's unemployment is significantly less sensitive to demand than men's in advanced economies. These findings point to the highly unequal impacts of the business cycle across worker and economy groups

     
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  23. Recoveries after pandemics
    the role of policies and structural features
    Autor*in: Cuesta Aguirre, Juan Pablo; Ahmed Hannan, Swarnali
    Erschienen: July 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    To shed light on the possible scarring effects from Covid-19, this paper studies the economic effects of five past pandemics using local projections on a sample of fifty-five countries over 1990-2019. The findings reveal that pandemics have... mehr

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    To shed light on the possible scarring effects from Covid-19, this paper studies the economic effects of five past pandemics using local projections on a sample of fifty-five countries over 1990-2019. The findings reveal that pandemics have detrimental medium-term effects on output, unemployment, poverty, and inequality. However, policies can go a long way toward alleviating suffering and fostering an inclusive recovery. The adverse output effects are limited for countries that provided relatively greater fiscal support. The increases in unemployment, poverty, and inequality are likewise lower for countries with relatively greater fiscal support and relatively stronger initial conditions (as defined by higher formality, family benefits, and health spending per capita)

     
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  24. Incidence of the digital economy and frictional unemployment
    international evidence
    Autor*in: Lederman, Daniel; Zouaidi, Marwane
    Erschienen: March 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist, [Washington, DC, USA]

    This paper is the first to quantify the relationship between the incidence of the digital economy and long-term frictional unemployment across countries. The resulting evidence indicates that there is a robust, negative partial correlation between... mehr

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    This paper is the first to quantify the relationship between the incidence of the digital economy and long-term frictional unemployment across countries. The resulting evidence indicates that there is a robust, negative partial correlation between national unemployment rates and the incidence of the digital economy, proxied by the share of the adult population that reports using the internet to pay bills. Further, the absolute values of ordinary least squares estimates of the partial correlation suggest that it might be higher for developing economies than high-income economies. Controlling for the incidence of informal employment appears to be key for removing a positive omitted- variable bias in the estimate of the partial correlation between unemployment and the digital economy, which is due to the existence of a negative bivariate correlation between unemployment and informality on the one hand, and a negative bivariate correlation between informality and the incidence of digital payment on the other hand. The results from instrumental variable estimations suggest that the partial correlation between unemployment and digital payments is negative, with the absolute value of the estimates being larger than the absolute value of the ordinary least squares estimates

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 9170
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Schlagworte: Digital economy; unemployment; informality; developing economies
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Internet job search, employment, and wage growth
    evidence from the Arab Republic of Egypt
    Autor*in: El-Mallakh, Nelly
    Erschienen: March 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Middle East and North Africa Region, Office of the Chief Economist, [Washington, DC, USA]

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    Schriftenreihe: Policy research working paper ; 9196
    Schlagworte: Internet; job search; unemployment; wages; Egypt
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen