Skip to main navigation Skip to main content
info(at)avldigital.remove-this.de
Deutsch English
Narrow Search
Search narrowed by
Last searches

Results for *

Displaying results 1 to 25 of 62.

  1. Does emigration increase the wages of non-emigrants in sending countries
    emigration can increase the wages of non-emigrants, but may eventually lead to lower productivity and wage losses
    Author: Elsner, Benjamin
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), Bonn

    How migration affects labor markets in receiving countries is well understood, but less is known about how migration affects labor markets in sending countries, particularly the wages of workers who do not emigrate. Most studies find that emigration... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DSP 128
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    How migration affects labor markets in receiving countries is well understood, but less is known about how migration affects labor markets in sending countries, particularly the wages of workers who do not emigrate. Most studies find that emigration increases wages in the sending country but only for non-emigrants with substitutable skills similar to those of emigrants; non-emigrants with different (complementary) skills lose. These wage reactions are short-term effects, however. If a country loses many highly educated workers, the economy can become less productive altogether, leading to lower wages for everyone in the long term.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/260688
    Series: IZA world of labor ; 2022, 208v2
    Subjects: emigration; wages; human capital
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 12 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Notes:

    Previous version November 2015
  2. The long-run effects of immigration
    evidence across a barrier to refugee settlement
    Author: Ciccone, Antonio; Nimczik, Jan Sebastian
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    After the end of World War II in 1945, millions of refugees arrived in what in 1949 became the Federal Republic of Germany. We examine their effect on today's productivity, wages, income, rents, education, and population density at the municipality... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    After the end of World War II in 1945, millions of refugees arrived in what in 1949 became the Federal Republic of Germany. We examine their effect on today's productivity, wages, income, rents, education, and population density at the municipality level. Our identification strategy is based on a spatial discontinuity in refugee settlement at the border between the French and US occupation zones in the South-West of post-war Germany. These occupation zones were established in 1945 and dissolved in 1949. The spatial discontinuity arose because the US zone admitted refugees during the 1945-1949 occupation period whereas the French zone restricted access. By 1950, refugee settlement had raised population density on the former US side of the 1945-1949 border significantly above density on the former French side. Before the war, there never had been significant differences in population density. The higher density on the former US side persists entirely in 2020 and coincides with higher rents as well as higher productivity, wages, and education levels. We examine whether today's economic differences across the former border are the result of the difference in refugee admission; the legacy of other policy differences between the 1945-1949 occupation zones; or the consequence of socio-economic differences predating WWII. Taken together, our results indicate that today's economic differences are the result of agglomeration effects triggered by the arrival of refugees in the former US zone. We estimate that exposure to the arrival of refugees raised income per capita by around 13% and hourly wages by around 10%.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263401
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15185
    Subjects: immigration; productivity; wages; refugees; long-run effects
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Tasks, automation, and the rise in US wage inequality
    Author: Acemoglu, Daron; Restrepo, Pascual
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Boston University - Department of Economics, [Boston, MA]

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 502
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: [IED working papers] ; 367
    Subjects: tasks; automation; productivity; technology; inequality; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 99 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. A shot at economic prosperity
    long-term effects of India's childhood immunization program on earnings and consumption expenditure
    Author: Summan, Amit; Nandi, Arindam; Bloom, David E.
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Routine childhood vaccinations are among the most cost-effective interventions. In recent years, the broader benefits of vaccines, which include improved cognitive and schooling outcomes, have also been established. This paper evaluates the long-term... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    Routine childhood vaccinations are among the most cost-effective interventions. In recent years, the broader benefits of vaccines, which include improved cognitive and schooling outcomes, have also been established. This paper evaluates the long-term economic benefits of India's national program of childhood vaccinations, known as the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP). We combine individual-level data from the 68th round of the National Sample Survey of India (2011–2012) with district-wise data on the rollout of UIP in 1985–1990. We employ age-district fixed effects regression models to compare the earnings and per capita household consumer spending of 21- to 26-year-old adults who were born in UIP-covered districts vis-à-vis non-UIP districts in 1985-1990. We find that exposure to UIP in infancy increases weekly wages by 13.8% (95% CI: 7.6% to 20.3%, p<0.01) and monthly per capita household consumption expenditure by 2.9% (95% CI: 0.7% to 5.0% , p<0.01). Program exposure also reduces the probability that an individual's household relies on agriculture as the main source of income by 1.9% (95% CI: 0.0% to 3.5%, p<0.01). The findings are robust to several specifications, including varying study duration and accounting for potential migration. The effects vary by sex, location, and caste groups.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263584
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15368
    Subjects: India; child immunization; health; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Does over-education raise productivity and wages equally?
    the moderating role of workers' origin and immigrants' background
    Author: Jacobs, Valentine; Rycx, François; Volral, Mélanie
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    We provide first evidence of the impact of over-education, among natives and immigrants, on firm-level productivity and wages. We use Belgian linked panel data and rely on the methodology from Hellerstein et al. (1999) to estimate ORU (over-,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 565
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    We provide first evidence of the impact of over-education, among natives and immigrants, on firm-level productivity and wages. We use Belgian linked panel data and rely on the methodology from Hellerstein et al. (1999) to estimate ORU (over-, required, and under-education) equations aggregated at the firm level. Our results show that the over-education wage premium is higher for natives than for immigrants. However, since the differential in productivity gains associated with over-education between natives and immigrants outweighs the corresponding wage premium differential, we conclude - based on OLS and dynamic GMM-SYS estimates - that over-educated native workers are in fact underpaid to a greater extent than their over-educated immigrant counterparts. This conclusion is refined by sensitivity analyses, when testing the role of immigrants' background (e.g. region of birth, immigrant generation, age at arrival in the host country, tenure).

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/249567
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1044
    Subjects: Immigrants; over-education; productivity; wages; linked panel data; Belgium
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten)
  6. The full returns to the choice of occupation and education
    Author: Clark, Andrew E.; Cotofan, Maria; Layard, Peter R. G.
    Published: May 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Information on both earnings and non-pecuniary rewards is needed to understand the occupational dispersion of wellbeing. We analyse subjective wellbeing in a large UK sample to construct a measure of "full earnings", the sum of earnings and the value... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    Information on both earnings and non-pecuniary rewards is needed to understand the occupational dispersion of wellbeing. We analyse subjective wellbeing in a large UK sample to construct a measure of "full earnings", the sum of earnings and the value of non-pecuniary rewards, in 90 different occupations. Labour-market inequality is underestimated: the dispersion of full earnings is one-third larger than the dispersion of earnings. Equally, the gender and ethnic gaps in the labour market are larger than those in earnings alone, and the full returns to education on the labour market are underestimated. These results are similar in data on US workers. In neither cross-section nor panel data do we find evidence of compensating differentials.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263495
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15279
    Subjects: occupation; wages; non-pecuniary benefits; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Real estate agent earnings and local housing prices
    Author: Hirsch, Barry T.; Macpherson, David A.; Qu, Zichong
    Published: May 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Real estate agents typically receive commissions based on a fixed percentage of home price purchases. Because housing prices vary across markets, one might expect that realtors have higher earnings in high-priced markets. Prior work by Hsieh and... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    Real estate agents typically receive commissions based on a fixed percentage of home price purchases. Because housing prices vary across markets, one might expect that realtors have higher earnings in high-priced markets. Prior work by Hsieh and Moretti (2003) suggests that entry among realtors leads to roughly equivalent earnings across markets. We examine evidence from U.S. metro areas during 1996-2021 using Zillow housing price indices, coupled with realtor microdata (the CPS and ACS) including realtors' location, earnings, and work hours. Realtors' earnings elasticity with respect to local home prices is roughly 0.30, so that 10 percent higher home prices lead to 3 percent higher earnings. The positive wage-price relationship is not unique to realtors. The overall workforce has wage-price elasticities (conditioned on covariates) of about 0.20, two-thirds the size of realtors' elasticity. Realtors receive slightly higher earnings in higher-priced cities, about 1 percent for each 10 percent difference in housing prices. Weekly work hours across markets vary little with respect to metro housing prices, both for realtors and non-realtors. Evidence supports Hsieh and Moretti's conclusion that "over-entry" in high-priced markets is due to the inefficiency of fixed percentage commissions. Realtors have higher hourly earnings (and variance) than do "similar" non-realtor workers within the same labor markets, on the order of 10 percent. Evidence supports the view that real estate agents (on average) realize wage premiums. We suspect that higher earnings reflects both unmeasured personal attributes and compensating differentials for risk (e.g., variable earnings).

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263516
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15300
    Subjects: wages; housing prices; real estate agents; wage differentials
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The long-run effects of immigration
    evidence across a barrier to refugee settlement
    Author: Ciccone, Antonio; Nimczik, Jan Sebastian
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    After the end of World War II in 1945, millions of refugees arrived in what in 1949 became the Federal Republic of Germany. We examine their effect on today's productivity, wages, income, rents, education, and population density at the municipality... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 318
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    After the end of World War II in 1945, millions of refugees arrived in what in 1949 became the Federal Republic of Germany. We examine their effect on today's productivity, wages, income, rents, education, and population density at the municipality level. Our identification strategy is based on a spatial discontinuity in refugee settlement at the border between the French and US occupation zones in the South-West of post-war Germany. These occupation zones were established in 1945 and dissolved in 1949. The spatial discontinuity arose because the US zone admitted refugees during the 1945-1949 occupation period whereas the French zone restricted access. By 1950, refugee settlement had raised population density on the former US side of the 1945-1949 border significantly above density on the former French side. Before the war, there never had been significant differences in population density. The higher density on the former US side persists entirely in 2020 and coincides with higher rents as well as higher productivity, wages, and education levels. We examine whether today's economic differences across the former border are the result of the difference in refugee admission; the legacy of other policy differences between the 1945-1949 occupation zones; or the consequence of socio-economic differences predating WWII. Taken together, our results indicate that today's economic differences are the result of agglomeration effects triggered by the arrival of refugees in the former US zone. We estimate that exposure to the arrival of refugees raised income per capita by around 13% and hourly wages by around 10%.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259556
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 1165 (2022)
    Subjects: Immigration; productivity; wages; refugees; long-run effects
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The labour supply of mothers
    Author: Turon, Hélène
    Published: 23 May 2022
    Publisher:  School of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 465
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper / [School of Economics, University of Bristol] ; 769 (22)
    Subjects: Labour force participation; hours of work; children; collective model; wages; childcare; social norms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. The Australian labour market in 2021
    Author: Birch, Elisa Rose; Preston, Alison
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  [The University of Western Australia, Economics], [Crawley, WA]

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 674
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper / The University of Western Australia, Economics ; 22, 02
    Subjects: Employment; unemployment; underutilisation; wages; younger workers; COVID-19; labour market
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Work permit regulations and migrants' labor market outcomes
    Author: Qendrai, Pamela
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies how the introduction of a novel residence permit for working purposes - the so-called Blue Card introduced in August 2012 - has affected entry-level wages of non-EU migrants in Germany. The Blue Card was targeted at non-EU... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    This paper studies how the introduction of a novel residence permit for working purposes - the so-called Blue Card introduced in August 2012 - has affected entry-level wages of non-EU migrants in Germany. The Blue Card was targeted at non-EU university graduates with degrees received or recognized in Germany. It provided immediate residence to students with a working contract that pays above clearly-announced and regularly-updated wage thresholds. We leverage a difference-in-difference approach and unique data on national and international graduates in Germany between 2011-2014. We find that the introduction of the Blue Card increases entry-level wages of non-EU graduates relative to the control group by approximately 2 percent of the pre-treatment entry-level wages. We provide suggestive evidence that these results are not driven by more or better-quality non-EU graduates staying in Germany, but rather because the Blue Card wage threshold acts as a reference point.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263407
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15191
    Subjects: work permit; foreign students; highly-educated migrants; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Labour market concentration, wages and job security in Europe
    Author: Bassanini, Andrea; Bovini, Giulia; Caroli, Eve; Casanova Ferrando, Jorge; Cingano, Federico; Falco, Paolo; Felgueroso, Florentino; Jansen, Marcel; Martins, Pedro S.; Melo, António; Oberfichtner, Michael; Popp, Martin
    Published: April 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the impact of labour market concentration on two dimensions of job quality, namely wages and job security. We leverage rich administrative linked employer-employee data from Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain in the... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    We investigate the impact of labour market concentration on two dimensions of job quality, namely wages and job security. We leverage rich administrative linked employer-employee data from Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Spain in the 2010s to provide the first comparable cross-country evidence in the literature. Controlling for productivity and local product market concentration, we show that the elasticities of wages with respect to labour market concentration are strikingly similar across countries: increasing labour market concentration by 10% reduces wages by 0.19% in Germany, 0.22% in France, 0.25% in Portugal and 0.29% in Denmark. Regarding job security, we find that an increase in labour market concentration by 10% reduces the probability of being hired on a permanent contract by 0.46% in France, 0.51% in Germany and 2.34% in Portugal. While not affecting this probability in Italy and Spain, labour market concentration significantly reduces the probability of being converted to a permanent contract once hired on a temporary one. Our results suggest that considering only the effect of labour market concentration on wages underestimates its overall impact on job quality and hence the resulting welfare loss for workers.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263447
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15231
    Subjects: labour market concentration; monopsony; wages; job security
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Return to skills and urban size
    evidence from the skill requirements of Hungarian firms
    Author: Czaller, László; Hermann, Zoltán
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Institute of Economics, Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, Budapest

    While most empirical studies document that cognitive and social skills are strong predictors of individual earnings, their impact is not homogenous in space. We argue that dense urban settings utilize cognitive and social skills more intensively than... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 151
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    While most empirical studies document that cognitive and social skills are strong predictors of individual earnings, their impact is not homogenous in space. We argue that dense urban settings utilize cognitive and social skills more intensively than rural areas, therefore the labour market return to these skills is higher in cities. Using data from a representative survey recording the skills requirements of Hungarian firms, we show that social skills are rewarded more in dense urban areas. Surprisingly, this pattern is not observed for cognitive skills. We use instrumental variables strategy to correct for measurement errors in skills, and to deal with the endogeneity of agglomeration. Our results are robust to alternative agglomeration measures and a large set of controls, however, returns to skills vary considerably across worker groups and industries.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/256918
    Series: KRTK KTI working papers ; KRTK KTI WP - 2022, 5 (February 2022)
    Subjects: agglomeration; cognitive and social skills; wages; urban labour markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Exploring and presenting eighteenth-century private consumption
    the web application account books spängler online
    Author: Reith, Reinhold; Stöger, Georg
    Published: 2022

    Location:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Article (journal)
    Format: Print
    Parent title: Enthalten in: Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte; Stuttgart : Steiner, 1903; 109(2022), 1, Seite 72-86

    Subjects: digital humanities; account book; consumption; standard of living; household economy; everyday life; wages; prices
  15. "The double-dividend of training" labour market effects of work-related continuous education in Switzerland
    Author: Denzler, Stefan; Ruhose, Jens; Wolter, Stefan C.
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  Universität Zürich, IBW - Institut für Betriebswirtschaftslehre, Zürich

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 588
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Swiss Leading House ; no. 196
    Subjects: Continuous education; wages; unemployment; entropy balancing; Switzerland
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Brecha salarial de género en Costa Rica
    una desigualdad persistente
    Author: Torres, Rebeca; Zaclicever, Dayna
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Naciones Unidas, CEPAL, Santiago

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 389
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 11362/48049
    Series: Serie comercio internacional ; 169
    Subjects: employment; gender equality; inequality; labour policy employment; women's employment; wages; income; labour market; labour policy; statistical data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. The employment effects of working time reductions
    sector-level evidence from European reforms
    Author: Batut, Cyprien; Garnero, Andrea; Tondini, Alessandro
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    In this paper, we exploit a panel of industry-level data in European countries to study the economic impact of national reductions in usual weekly working hours between 1995 and 2007. Our identification strategy relies on the five national reforms... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    In this paper, we exploit a panel of industry-level data in European countries to study the economic impact of national reductions in usual weekly working hours between 1995 and 2007. Our identification strategy relies on the five national reforms that took place over this period and on initial differences across sectors in the share of workers exposed to the reforms. On average, the number of hours worked in more affected sectors fell, hourly wages rose, while employment did not increase. The effect on value-added per hour worked appears to be positive but non-significant.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265787
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15566
    Subjects: working time; work sharing; employment; wages; value-added
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. A field study of age discrimination in the workplace
    the importance of gender and race : pay the gap
    Author: Drydakis, Nick; Paraskevopoulou, Anna; Bozani, Vasiliki
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The study examines whether age intersects with gender and race during the initial stage of the hiring process and affects access to vacancies outcomes and wage sorting. In order to answer the research question the study collects data from four... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    The study examines whether age intersects with gender and race during the initial stage of the hiring process and affects access to vacancies outcomes and wage sorting. In order to answer the research question the study collects data from four simultaneous field experiments in England. The study compares the labour market outcomes of younger White British men with those of older White British men and women, and with those of older Black British men and women. The study concentrates on low-skilled vacancies in hospitality and sales in the private sector. The results of this study indicate that older White British men and women, as well as older Black British men and women, experience occupational access constraints and are sorted into lower-paid jobs than younger White British men. The level of age discrimination is found to be higher for Black British men and women. In addition, Black British women experience the highest level of age discrimination. These patterns may well be in-line with prejudices against racial minority groups and stereotypical sexist beliefs that the physical strengths and job performance of women decline earlier than they do for men. This research presents for the first-time comparisons of access to vacancies and wage sorting between younger male racial majorities and older male racial majorities, older female racial majorities, older male racial minorities, and older female racial minorities. In addition, the driven mechanism of the assigned differences is explored. Because the study has attempted to minimise the negative employer stereotypes vis-à-vis older employees, with respect to their motivation, productivity, and health, such prejudices against older individuals may be considered Taste-based discrimination. If prejudices against older individuals are present, then anti-discrimination legislation may be the appropriate response, especially for racial minorities and women. Eliminating age discrimination in selection requires firms to adopt inclusive HR policies at the earliest stages of the recruitment process.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265788
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15567
    Subjects: age discrimination; women; racial minorities; intersectionality; access to occupations; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten)
  19. Returns to education in European emerging markets
    a meta-analytic review
    Author: Horie, Norio; Iwasaki, Ichirō
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  Russian Research Center, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Tokyo, Japan

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 154
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10086/72541
    Series: RRC working paper series ; no. 95
    Subjects: return to education; wages; meta-analysis; publication selection bias; European emerging markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Inflation and wage growth since the pandemic
    Author: Jordà, Òscar; Nechio, Fernanda
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, [San Francisco, CA]

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 385
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: Working papers series / Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ; 2022, 17 (September 2022)
    Subjects: Local projections difference-in-difference estimator; inflation; wages; direct fiscal transfers; COVID-19 pandemic
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. The over-education wage penalty among PhD holders
    a European perspective
    Author: Rycx, François; Santosuosso, Giulia; Vermeylen, Guillaume
    Published: July 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral graduates are surprisingly scarce. This article aims to fill this gap, not only by measuring the prevalence of over-educated PhD... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral graduates are surprisingly scarce. This article aims to fill this gap, not only by measuring the prevalence of over-educated PhD holders in Europe (i.e. in EU Member States and the UK), but also by estimating their wage penalty relative to what they could have earned in a job corresponding to their level of education. Using a unique pan-European dataset, we rely on two alternative measures of over-education and control stepwise for four groups of covariates (i.e. socio-demographic characteristics, skills needed for the job, other job-specific characteristics and motivations for employment) in order to interpret the over-education wage penalty in light of theoretical models. Depending on the specification adopted, we find that over-educated PhD holders face a wage penalty ranging from 25 to 13.5% with respect to their well-matched counterparts. Our results also show that the over-education wage penalty is significantly higher for PhD holders who are both over-educated and over-skilled and especially for those who are both over-educated and dissatisfied with their jobs. Finally, unconditional quantile regressions highlight that the over-education wage penalty among PhD holders increases greatly along the wage distribution.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263633
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15417
    Subjects: PhD graduates; over-education; over-skilling; job satisfaction; wages; Europe
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The determinants of displaced workers’ wages
    sorting, matching, selection, and the Hartz reforms
    Author: Woodcock, Simon D.
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  [Simon Fraser University, Department of Economics], [Burnaby]

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 722
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: [Discussion papers] / [Simon Fraser University, Department of Economics] ; [dp 22, 04]
    Subjects: Displacement; wages; fixed effects; decomposition; Hartz reforms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 90 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Relación entre productividad laboral y remuneraciones
    un análisis de proximidad espacial a nivel estatal en la industria manufacturera en México, 2004, 2009, 2014 y 2019
    Author: González Mata, Enrique A.; López Cabrera, Jesús Antonio; Cabral Torres, René
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Naciones Unidas, CEPAL, Santiago

    En este documento se analiza la relación entre las remuneraciones y la productividad laboral en México, a nivel estatal, considerando el impacto que la productividad de las entidades vecinas tiene en las remuneraciones locales. La omisión de la... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 392
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    En este documento se analiza la relación entre las remuneraciones y la productividad laboral en México, a nivel estatal, considerando el impacto que la productividad de las entidades vecinas tiene en las remuneraciones locales. La omisión de la estructura espacial en las estimaciones puede conducir a un sesgo en el cálculo del parámetro de productividad. En algunas teorías económicas se considera que los incrementos de la productividad laboral deberían traducirse en aumentos de las remuneraciones. A su vez, dadas las relaciones económicas y productivas entre los territorios, es posible que la productividad de las entidades vecinas tenga un impacto positivo en las remuneraciones locales. En este estudio también se incluyen variables de control. La hipótesis central de la investigación es que existe una relación lineal entre las remuneraciones y la productividad cuando se incorpora en el análisis la estructura espacial. Resumen .-- Introducción .-- I. La productividad, las remuneraciones y la proximidad espacial .-- II. Revisión de trabajos previos .-- III. Conclusiones y recomendaciones.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 11362/47894
    Series: Serie estudios y perspectivas ; 197
    Subjects: employment; productivity employment; labour productivity; wages; industrial enterprises; manufacturing enterprises; EMPLEO; PRODUCTIVIDAD DEL TRABAJO; SALARIOS; EMPRESAS INDUSTRIALES; EMPRESAS MANUFACTURERAS; EMPLOYMENT; LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY; WAGES; INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES; MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Real wages during the pandemic
    trends and challenges
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago

    There were signs of a partial recovery in the labour markets and economies of Latin America and the Caribbean during 2021, in the wake of the crisis caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Nonetheless, although the labour force... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht, Bibliothek
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    VS 342
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    There were signs of a partial recovery in the labour markets and economies of Latin America and the Caribbean during 2021, in the wake of the crisis caused by the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Nonetheless, although the labour force participation rate and employment both improved in the year, figures for some of the groups hit hardest by the pandemic, such as women and domestic workers, remained well below pre-pandemic levels. The partial recovery in local demand and the effect of global conditions on production costs contributed to a rise in regional inflation, in turn affecting minimum wages and real wages. The second section of this report outlines how real wages in the region remain further from pre-pandemic levels than employment and economic activity, and underscores the importance of institutional mechanisms and social dialogue in the world of work to facilitate appropriate adjustments to workers’ wages in Latin America and the Caribbean.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 11362/47927
    Series: Employment situation in Latin America and the Caribbean ; number 26 (June 2021)
    Subjects: Covid-19; employment; labour policy; macroeconomics employment; wages; viruses; epidemics; economic aspects; labour market; women's employment; gender equality; employment policy; EMPLEO; SALARIOS; VIRUS; EPIDEMIAS; ASPECTOS ECONOMICOS; MERCADO DE TRABAJO; EMPLEO DE LA MUJER; IGUALDAD DE GENERO; POLITICA DE EMPLEO; EMPLOYMENT; WAGES; COVID-19; VIRUSES; EPIDEMICS; ECONOMIC ASPECTS; LABOUR MARKET; WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT; GENDER EQUALITY; EMPLOYMENT POLICY
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. The over-education wage penalty among PhD holders
    a European perspective
    Author: Rycx, François; Santosuosso, Giulia; Vermeylen, Guillaume
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral graduates are surprisingly scarce. This article aims to fill this gap, not only by measuring the prevalence of over-educated PhD... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 565
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    While the literature on the incidence and wage effects of over-education is substantial, specific results for doctoral graduates are surprisingly scarce. This article aims to fill this gap, not only by measuring the prevalence of over-educated PhD holders in Europe (i.e. in EU Member States and the UK), but also by estimating their wage penalty relative to what they could have earned in a job corresponding to their level of education. Using a unique pan-European dataset, we rely on two alternative measures of over-education and control stepwise for four groups of covariates (i.e. socio-demographic characteristics, skills needed for the job, other job-specific characteristics and motivations for employment) in order to interpret the over-education wage penalty in light of theoretical models. Depending on the specification adopted, we find that over-educated PhD holders face a wage penalty ranging from 25 to 13.5% with respect to their well-matched counterparts. Our results also show that the over-education wage penalty is significantly higher for PhD holders who are both over-educated and over-skilled and especially for those who are both over-educated and dissatisfied with their jobs. Finally, unconditional quantile regressions highlight that the over-education wage penalty among PhD holders increases greatly along the wage distribution.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
      BibTeX file
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/261317
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1126
    Subjects: PhD graduates; over-education; over-skilling; job satisfaction; wages; Europe
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen