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Displaying results 1 to 8 of 8.

  1. Invisible geniuses
    could the knowledge frontier advance faster?
    Author: Agarwal, Ruchir; Gaulé, Patrick
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate... more

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    Orient-Institut Beirut
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    Online
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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
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    Universitätsbibliothek Erfurt / Forschungsbibliothek Gotha, Universitätsbibliothek Erfurt
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    Bibliothek der Pädagogischen Hochschule Freiburg/Breisgau
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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt / Zentrale
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Technische Universität Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Heidenheim, Bibliothek
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    Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek
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    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig
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    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Mosbach, Bibliothek
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    Hochschule Offenburg, University of Applied Sciences, Bibliothek Campus Offenburg
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    E-Book International Monetary Fund
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    Hochschulbibliothek Pforzheim, Bereichsbibliothek Technik und Wirtschaft
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    Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen
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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek
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    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate exceptional talent in their teenage years have an irreplaceable ability to create new ideas over their lifetime, suggesting that talent is a central ingredient in the production of knowledge. Second, such talented individuals born in low- or middle-income countries are systematically less likely to become knowledge producers. Our findings suggest that policies to encourage exceptionally-talented youth to pursue scientific careers-especially those from lower income countries-could accelerate the advancement of the knowledge frontier

     
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  2. Superstars and mediocrities
    a solution based on personal income taxation
    Author: D'Andria, Diego
    Published: January 2018
    Publisher:  European Commission, Sevilla, Spain

    The markets for talent often produce large income inequality and therefore raise political attention. While such inequality can be due to superstar dynamics or factor complementarities, Terviö ("Superstars and Mediocrities: Market Failure in The... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    The markets for talent often produce large income inequality and therefore raise political attention. While such inequality can be due to superstar dynamics or factor complementarities, Terviö ("Superstars and Mediocrities: Market Failure in The Discovery of Talent", the Review of Economic Studies, 2009) first proposed a market failure that was previously unknown to the literature, pointing to long-term contracts as a solution. I extend the model in Terviö (2009) to include personal income tax policy reforms and demonstrate that tax design can be employed as a solution to the market failure when long-term contracts are unfeasible. With small enough entry payments that novice workers would sustain to compensate employers for the cost of learning, both a progressive tax and a tax incentive on entry wages are found effective. The tax incentive on entry wages, though, can be used even with very large deductible entry payments and with overall negative net entry wages.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/202252
    Edition: This version: December 2017
    Series: JRC working papers on taxation and strucutral reforms ; no 2018, 01
    Subjects: superstars; personal income tax; entry wage; talent; learning
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 15 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Career concerns and incentive compatible task design
    Author: Aoyagi, Masaki; Menuet, Maxime
    Published: February 2024
    Publisher:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    This paper studies the optimal disclosure of information about an agent's talent when it consists of two components. The agent observes the first component of his talent as his private type, and reports it to a principal to perform a task which... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    This paper studies the optimal disclosure of information about an agent's talent when it consists of two components. The agent observes the first component of his talent as his private type, and reports it to a principal to perform a task which reveals the second component of his talent. Based on the report and performance, the principal discloses information to a firm who pays the agent the wage equal to his expected talent. We study incentive compatible disclosure rules that minimize the mismatch between the agent's true talent and his wage. The optimal rule entails full disclosure when the agent's talent is a supermodular function of the two com- ponents, but entails partial pooling when it is submodular. Under a mild degree of submodularity, we show that the optimal disclosure rule is obtained as a solution to a linear programming problem, and identify the number of messages required under the optimal rule. We relate it to the agent's incentive compatibility conditions, and show that each pooling message has binary support.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/302227
    Series: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1232
    Subjects: talent; mechanism; revelation; pooling; performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Expelling excellence
    exchange visitor restrictions on high-skill migrants in the United States
    Author: Clemens, Michael A.; Neufeld, Jeremy; Nice, Amy M.
    Published: September 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We examine a little-known restriction on high-skill immigration to the United States, the Exchange Visitor Skills List. This List mandates that to become eligible for long-term status in the U.S., certain high-skill visitors must reside in their home... more

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    We examine a little-known restriction on high-skill immigration to the United States, the Exchange Visitor Skills List. This List mandates that to become eligible for long-term status in the U.S., certain high-skill visitors must reside in their home countries for two years after participation in the Exchange Visitor Program on a J-1 visa. While well-intended to prevent draining developing nations of needed skills, today the Skills List in practice is outdated and misdirected. It is outdated because it fails to reflect modern economic research on the complex effects of skilled migration on overseas development. It is misdirected because, as we show, the stringency of the List bears an erratic and even counterproductive relationship to the development level of the targeted countries. The List is also opaque: there have been no public estimates of exactly how many high-skill visitors are subject to the list. We provide the first such estimates. Over the last decade, an average of between 35,000 and 44,000 high-skill visitors per year have been covered by the home residency requirement via the Skills List. Despite the stated purpose of the List, these restrictions fall more heavily on relatively advanced economies than on the poorest countries. We describe how a proposed revision to the List can address all three of these concerns, balancing the national interest with evidence-based support for overseas development.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/302872
    Series: IZA policy paper ; no. 214
    Subjects: skill; human capital; talent; restrictions; barriers; visa; policy; brain drain; brain gain; development; migration; immigration; innovation; research; science
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Invisible geniuses
    could the knowledge frontier advance faster?
    Author: Agarwal, Ruchir; Gaulé, Patrick
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate... more

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate exceptional talent in their teenage years have an irreplaceable ability to create new ideas over their lifetime, suggesting that talent is a central ingredient in the production of knowledge. Second, such talented individuals born in low- or middle-income countries are systematically less likely to become knowledge producers. Our findings suggest that policies to encourage exceptionally-talented youth to pursue scientific careers-especially those from lower income countries-could accelerate the advancement of the knowledge frontier

     
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  6. Invisible geniuses
    could the knowledge frontier advance faster?
    Author: Agarwal, Ruchir; Gaulé, Patrick
    Published: November 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4 (11977)
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    The advancement of the knowledge frontier is crucial for technological innovation and human progress. Using novel data from the setting of mathematics, this paper establishes two results. First, we document that individuals who demonstrate exceptional talent in their teenage years have an irreplaceable ability to create new ideas over their lifetime, suggesting that talent is a central ingredient for the production of knowledge. Second, such talented individuals born in low- or middle-income countries are systematically less likely to become knowledge producers. Our findings suggest that policies to encourage exceptionally-talented youth to pursue scientific careers - especially those from lower income countries - could accelerate the advancement of the knowledge frontier.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/193271
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11977
    Subjects: talent; knowledge frontier; innovation; IMO; mathematics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Who chooses which private education?
    theory and international evidence
    Author: Bertola, Giuseppe; Checchi, Daniele
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    Private school students do not always perform better in standardized tests. We suggest that this may be explained by choice of private schooling by less capable students in countries where government schools are better suited to talented students. To... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (7444)
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    Private school students do not always perform better in standardized tests. We suggest that this may be explained by choice of private schooling by less capable students in countries where government schools are better suited to talented students. To assess the empirical relevance of this mechanism, we exploit cross-country variation in the PISA 2009 survey of differences between private and state school regarding organizational features that are differently suitable for students with different learning ability. We seek and find evidence of this mechanism's empirical relevance in controlled regressions that treat within-country variation of PISA scores as an indicator of unobserved ability to learn.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/80659
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 7444
    Subjects: Privatschule; Öffentliche Schulden; Vergleich; Bildungsniveau; Schätzung; Theorie; OECD-Staaten; PISA survey; private education; talent; educational background
    Scope: Online-Ressource (32 S.), graph. Darst.
  8. High performance in complex spatial systems
    a eelf-organizing mapping approach with reference to the Netherlands
    Author: Kourtit, Karima; Arribas-Bel, Daniel; Nijkamp, Peter
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Tinbergen Inst., Rotterdam [u.a.]

    This paper addresses the performance of creative firms from the perspective of complex spatial systems. Based on an extensive high-dimensional database on both the attributes of individual creative firms in the Netherlands and a series of detailed... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 432 (2013,194)
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    This paper addresses the performance of creative firms from the perspective of complex spatial systems. Based on an extensive high-dimensional database on both the attributes of individual creative firms in the Netherlands and a series of detailed regional facilitating and driving factors related, inter alia, to talent, innovation, skills, networks, accessibility and hardware, a new methodology called self-organizing mapping (SOM) is applied to identify and explain in virtual topological space, the relative differences between these firms and their business performance in various regions. It turns out that there are significant differences in the spatial and functional profile of large firms vis-à-vis SMEs across distinct geographical areas in the country.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/89255
    Series: Array ; 2013,194
    Subjects: complex spatial systems; self-organizing mapping; creative firms; talent; innovation; networks; accessibility; business performance; spatial and functional profiles; SMEs; large firms; geographical areas
    Scope: Online-Ressource (30 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.