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Displaying results 1 to 10 of 10.

  1. Why do we ignore the risk in schooling decisions?
    Author: Hartog, Joop; Diaz-Serrano, Luis
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    While uncertainty abounds in almost any decision on investment in schooling, it is mostly ignored in research and virtually absent in labour economics text books. This paper documents the scope for risk, discusses the tough disentanglement of... more

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 4 (8110)
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    While uncertainty abounds in almost any decision on investment in schooling, it is mostly ignored in research and virtually absent in labour economics text books. This paper documents the scope for risk, discusses the tough disentanglement of heterogeneity and risk, surveys the analytical models, laments the absence of a good workhorse model and points out the challenges worth tackling: document ex ante risk that investors face, develop a tractable and malleable analytical model and integrate the option of consumption smoothing in analytical and empirical work. Hedging labour market risk in the stock market can be safely ignored.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96688
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8110
    Subjects: schooling; risk; human capital; labour supply
    Scope: Online-Ressource (31 S.), graph. Darst.
  2. Does employer learning vary by schooling attainment?
    the answer depends on how career start dates are defined
    Author: Light, Audrey; McGee, Andrew D.
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    We demonstrate that empirical evidence of employer learning is sensitive to how one defines the career start date and, in turn, measures cumulative work experience. Arcidiacono, Bayer, and Hizmo (2010) find evidence of employer learning for high... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8618)
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    We demonstrate that empirical evidence of employer learning is sensitive to how one defines the career start date and, in turn, measures cumulative work experience. Arcidiacono, Bayer, and Hizmo (2010) find evidence of employer learning for high school graduates but not for college graduates, and conclude that high levels of schooling reveal true productivity. We show that their choice of start date - based on first-observed school exit and often triggered by school vacations - systematically overstates experience and biases learning estimates towards zero for college-educated workers. Using career start dates tied to a more systematic definition of school exit, we find that employer learning is equally evident for high school and college graduates.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/106556
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8618
    Subjects: employer learning; schooling; measurement
    Scope: Online-Ressource (39 S.)
  3. More schooling, less youth crime?
    learning from an earthquake in Japan
    Author: Aoki, Yu
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    This paper aims to identify the causal effect of schooling on youth crime. To identify the causal effect, I use the policy interventions that occurred after the Kobe earthquake that hit Japan in 1995 as a natural experiment inducing exogenous... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8619)
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    This paper aims to identify the causal effect of schooling on youth crime. To identify the causal effect, I use the policy interventions that occurred after the Kobe earthquake that hit Japan in 1995 as a natural experiment inducing exogenous variation in schooling. Based on a comparison of the arrest rates between municipalities exposed to similar degrees of earthquake damage but with and without the policy interventions, I find that a higher high school participation rate reduces juvenile arrest rates for violent crime but not for property crime. The estimates of social benefits show that it is less expensive to reach a target level of social benefits by improving schooling than by strengthening the police force.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/106555
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8619
    Subjects: schooling; youth crime; social externality
    Scope: Online-Ressource (37 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
  4. Educational attainmet in the OECD, 1960-2010 (version 3.1)
    Author: Fuente, Ángel de la; Doménech, Rafael
    Published: October 2014
    Publisher:  FEDEA, Madrid

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Documento de trabajo / FEDEA ; 2014, 14
    Subjects: educational attainment; schooling
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Behavioral economics of education
    Author: Koch, Alexander K.; Nafziger, Julia; Nielsen, Helena Skyt
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    During the last decade knowledge about human behavior from psychology and sociology has enhanced the field of economics of education. By now research recognizes cognitive skills (as measured by achievement tests) and soft skills (personality traits... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8470)
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    During the last decade knowledge about human behavior from psychology and sociology has enhanced the field of economics of education. By now research recognizes cognitive skills (as measured by achievement tests) and soft skills (personality traits not adequately measured by achievement tests) as equally important drivers of later economic outcomes, and skills are seen as multi-dimensional rather than one-dimensional. Explicitly accounting for soft skills often implies departing from the standard economic model by integrating concepts studied in behavioral and experimental economics, such as self-control, willingness to compete, intrinsic motivation, and self-confidence. We review how approaches from behavioral economics help our understanding of the complexity of educational investments and outcomes, and we discuss what insights can be gained from such concepts in the context of education.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/103530
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8470
    Subjects: educational decision making; schooling; non-cognitive skills; soft skills; behavioral economics
    Scope: Online-Ressource (39 S.)
  6. Manufacturing growth and the lives of Bangladeshi women
    Author: Heath, Rachel; Mobarak, Ahmed Mushfiq
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    We study the effects of explosive growth in the Bangladeshi ready-made garments industry on the lives on Bangladeshi women. We compare the marriage, childbearing, school enrollment and employment decisions of women who gain greater access to garment... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8483)
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    We study the effects of explosive growth in the Bangladeshi ready-made garments industry on the lives on Bangladeshi women. We compare the marriage, childbearing, school enrollment and employment decisions of women who gain greater access to garment sector jobs to women living further away from factories, to years before the factories arrive close to some villages, and to the marriage and enrollment decisions of their male siblings. Girls exposed to the garment sector delay marriage and childbirth. This stems from (a) young girls becoming more likely to be enrolled in school after garment jobs (which reward literacy and numeracy) arrive, and (b) older girls becoming more likely to be employed outside the home in garment-proximate villages. The demand for education generated through manufacturing growth appears to have a much larger effect on female educational attainment compared to a large-scale government conditional cash transfer program to encourage female schooling.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/103526
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8483
    Subjects: Bekleidungsindustrie; Industrialisierung; Frauen; Frauenbildung; Weibliche Arbeitskräfte; Fertilität; Bangladesch; ready-made garment exports; Bangladesh; marriage; fertility; schooling
    Scope: Online-Ressource (33, [15] S.), graph. Darst.
  7. Persistence bias and schooling returns
    Author: Andini, Corrado
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    A well-established empirical literature suggests that individual wages are persistent. Several theoretical arguments support this empirical finding. Yet, the standard approach to the estimation of schooling returns does not account for this fact.... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8143)
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    A well-established empirical literature suggests that individual wages are persistent. Several theoretical arguments support this empirical finding. Yet, the standard approach to the estimation of schooling returns does not account for this fact. This paper investigates the consequences of disregarding earnings persistence. In particular, it shows that the most commonly used static-model estimators of schooling coefficients are subject to an omitted-variable bias which can be named "persistence bias".

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96795
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8143
    Subjects: schooling; wages; dynamic panel-data models
    Scope: Online-Ressource (31 S.), graph. Darst.
  8. Mapping and understanding ethnic disparities in length of schooling
    the case of Ningxia autonomous region, China
    Author: Gustafsson, Björn; Ding, Sai
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    Disparities in length of schooling between the largest Muslim minority in China, the Hui, and the Han majority are investigated. We use household data collected in Ningxia autonomous region in 2007. It is found that compared with Han persons of the... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (8595)
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    Disparities in length of schooling between the largest Muslim minority in China, the Hui, and the Han majority are investigated. We use household data collected in Ningxia autonomous region in 2007. It is found that compared with Han persons of the same age and gender, Hui persons have shorter educations with the exception of young and middle-aged urban males who have twelve years of schooling, on average. Particularly noteworthy is that as many as 45 percent of adult rural Hui females are not literate. Possible reasons for the shorter educations of Hui in many segments of the population are numerous. We show that the incentive to invest in length of schooling is smaller among Hui than Han as the association between education and income is weaker. We also report that Hui parents spend fewer resources on education than Han parents and that fewer years of schooling for Hui in the first generation helps to explain why Hui persons in the second generation have shorter educations.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/106536
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8595
    Subjects: China; schooling; Hui ethnicity; Han ethnicity; Ningxia; inequality
    Scope: Online-Ressource (38 S.), graph. Darst.
  9. Empowering women
    the effect of schooling on young women's knowledge and use of contraception
    Author: Andalón, Mabel; Williams, Jenny; Grossman, Michael
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    Large differences in fertility between women with high and low levels of education suggest that schooling may have a direct impact on knowledge and use of contraception. We investigate this issue using information on women in Mexico. In order to... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4 (7900)
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    Large differences in fertility between women with high and low levels of education suggest that schooling may have a direct impact on knowledge and use of contraception. We investigate this issue using information on women in Mexico. In order to identify the causal effect of schooling, we exploit temporal and geographic variation in the number of lower secondary schools built following the extension of compulsory education in Mexico from 6th to 9th grade in 1993. We show that raising females' schooling beyond 6th grade increases their knowledge of contraception during their reproductive years and increases their propensity to use contraception at sexual debut. This indicates that the impact of schooling on women's wellbeing extends beyond improved labour market outcomes and includes greater autonomy over their fertility.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/93273
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 7900
    Subjects: Frauenpolitik; Frauenbildung; Verhütungsmittel; Fertilität; Mädchen; Sexualität; Mexiko; schooling; empowerment; contraception; knowledge; natural experiment; Mexico
    Scope: Online-Ressource (42 S.), graph. Darst.
  10. From giving birth to paid labor
    the effects of adult education for prime-aged mothers
    Author: Bergemann, Annette; Berg, Gerard J. van den
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Inst. for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, Uppsala

    Women without work after childbirth are at risk of losing their connection to the labor market. However, they may participate in adult education programs. We analyze the effect of this on the duration to work and on the wage rate, by applying... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 137 (2014,5)
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    Women without work after childbirth are at risk of losing their connection to the labor market. However, they may participate in adult education programs. We analyze the effect of this on the duration to work and on the wage rate, by applying conditional difference-in-differences approaches. We use Swedish matched longitudinal register data sets covering the full population. The Swedish adult education program is unprecedented in its size, and enrollment is universally available at virtually no cost. We focus on low-skilled women who have recently given birth. We take account of program accessibility, selection issues, course heterogeneity, the income received during adult education, parental leave, and child care fees. Adult education shows positive effects for the unemployed with respect to both the employment probability and wages. To explain the actual program participation rate, we model the enrollment decision from the mothers' point of view, using the estimates to calibrate a job search model. We conclude that non-pecuniary factors cause mothers not to enter adult education.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/106272
    Series: Working paper / IFAU - Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy ; 2014:5
    Subjects: evaluation of adult education; job search model; female labor supply; wages; participation; unemployment; schooling; conditional difference-in-differences
    Scope: Online-Ressource (67 S.), graph. Darst.