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Displaying results 1 to 7 of 7.

  1. Spatial interactions
    Author: Kim, Jun Sung; Patacchini, Eleonora; Picard, Pierre M.; Zenou, Yves
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies how the strength of social ties are affected by the geographical location of other individuals and their social capital. We characterize the equilibrium in terms of both social interactions and social capital. We show that lower... more

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    This paper studies how the strength of social ties are affected by the geographical location of other individuals and their social capital. We characterize the equilibrium in terms of both social interactions and social capital. We show that lower travel costs increase not only the interaction frequency but also the social capital for all agents. We also show that the equilibrium frequency of interactions is lower than the efficient one. Using a unique geo-coded dataset of friendship networks among adolescents in the United States, we structurally estimate the model and show that, indeed, agents socially interact less than that at the first best optimum. Our policy analysis suggests that, at the same cost, subsidizing social interactions yields a higher total welfare than subsidizing transportation costs.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263592
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15376
    Subjects: social networks; location; structural estimation; policies
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Nobody's gonna slow me down?
    the effects of a transportation cost shock on firm performance and behavior
    Author: Branco, Catarina; Dohse, Dirk; Santos, João Pereira dos; Tavares, José
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    This paper takes a deep and comprehensive look into the firm-level behavioral reactions to a massive transportation cost shock. Exploiting rich data encompassing the universe of Portuguese private firms and a natural experiment we find that the... more

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    This paper takes a deep and comprehensive look into the firm-level behavioral reactions to a massive transportation cost shock. Exploiting rich data encompassing the universe of Portuguese private firms and a natural experiment we find that the introduction of tolls on previously toll-free highways caused a substantial decrease of turnover and firm profits. In response to the tolls, firms reduced expenses, cutting employment-related expenses and purchases of other inputs in a similar magnitude. Labor costs were reduced by employment cuts rather than by wage cuts. We find evidence for increased firm exit in treated municipalities, but not for increased re-location. In diesem Papier werden die Verhaltensreaktionen auf Unternehmensebene auf einen massiven Transportkostenschock untersucht. Auf der Grundlage umfangreicher Daten portugiesischen Privatunternehmen und eines natürlichen Experiments finden wir heraus, dass die Einführung von Mautgebühren auf zuvor mautfreien Autobahnen zu einem erheblichen Rückgang des Umsatzes und der Unternehmensgewinne führte. In Reaktion auf die Maut senkten die Unternehmen ihre Ausgaben, indem sie beschäftigungsbezogene Ausgaben und Käufe anderer Vorleistungen in ähnlicher Größenordnung zurückfuhren. Dabei wurden die Arbeitskosten eher durch Beschäftigungsabbau als durch Lohnkürzungen reduziert. Wir finden Belege für vermehrte Firmenaustritte in den untersuchten Gemeinden, aber nicht für eine verstärkte Verlagerung.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783969731123
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/253395
    Series: Ruhr economic papers ; #949
    Subjects: Road tolls; infrastructure; firm performance; firm behavior; location; Portugal
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. No place like home
    place-based attachments and regional science
    Author: Winters, John V.
    Published: July 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Place-based attachments are important but often overlooked. Place-based attachments can be beneficial but often harm individuals tied to struggling areas. In this address, I discuss my own education and migration experiences and then more generally... more

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    Place-based attachments are important but often overlooked. Place-based attachments can be beneficial but often harm individuals tied to struggling areas. In this address, I discuss my own education and migration experiences and then more generally discuss sense of belonging as a friction to migration. I also present descriptive statistics related to place-based attachments. Most persons born in the U.S. live in their birth state as adults. Birth-state residence has increased over time, especially among the highly educated. I also present evidence that college graduates who reside in their birth state experience a wage penalty that is increasing over time.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263667
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15451
    Subjects: location; place; regions; migration frictions; policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. No place like home
    place-based attachments and regional science
    Author: Winters, John V.
    Published: 2022-08-15
    Publisher:  Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Ames, Iowa

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Iowa State University, Department of Economics ; number 22003
    Subjects: location; place; regions; migration frictions; policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Determinants of subjective poverty in rural and urban areas of South Africa
    Author: Bila, Santos; Biyase, Mduduzi
    Published: January 2022
    Publisher:  Economic and Well-being Research Group, [Auckland Park]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: EDWRG working paper series ; 2022, number 02
    Subjects: Determinants; location; fixed effect instrumental variable and Subjective poverty
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Between victory and statehood
    armed violence in post-war Abkhazia
    Author: Shesterinina, Anastasia
    Published: November 2022
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    What accounts for armed violence in the aftermath of civil war? Efforts to develop a comprehensive framework to understand this phenomenon have been made in the literature. Yet existing studies have in general looked at distinct pre-war, wartime, and... more

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    What accounts for armed violence in the aftermath of civil war? Efforts to develop a comprehensive framework to understand this phenomenon have been made in the literature. Yet existing studies have in general looked at distinct pre-war, wartime, and post-war sources of violence in the aftermath of war. This paper focuses on organized political violence after war and argues that such violence is shaped by a combination of pre-war, wartime, and post-war dynamics. Post-war contexts, however, vary in the form, location, and timing of violence and the combination of drivers will differ from case to case. Drawing on the case of Abkhazia after the Georgian- Abkhaz war of 1992-93, the paper shows that Abkhaz participants understood irregular and regular violence that emerged after the war in Abkhazia as part of the overall Abkhaz struggle that started before the war. Collective identities that formed before the war and transformed in its course underpinned participation in violence. But wartime and post-war developments, particularly efforts of the sides to defend and challenge war outcomes and external influence, affected where and when violence took place. This violence further transformed armed actors and their activities. It culminated with the perceived 'liberation' of the territory of Abkhazia and its recognition as an independent state by Russia and a few other states. Despite the Abkhaz hopes of sovereign statehood, deepening dependence on Russia positioned Abkhazia in a grey area between victory and statehood. This paper demonstrates the importance of case-specific analysis for our understanding of armed violence in the aftermath of civil war.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292672706
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/273936
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 137
    Subjects: violence in the aftermath of civil war; form; location; timing; Abkhazia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Does industry agglomeration attract productive firms?
    the role of product markets in adverse selection
    Author: Belderbos, René; Fukao, Kyōji; Ikeuchi, Kenta; Kim, Young Gak; Kwon, Hyeog Ug
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  RIETI, [Tkyo, Japan]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: RIETI discussion paper series ; 22-E, 105 (November 2022)
    Subjects: productivity; location; agglomeration; spillovers; adverse selection
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen