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Displaying results 151 to 175 of 250.

  1. Financial literacy and mortgage payment delinquency?
    Author: Tran Huynh
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Jena, Germany

    This study investigates the causal effect of financial literacy on mortgage payment delinquency. Using an Instrumental-Variable (IV) approach, we find that increased financial literacy significantly reduces the probability of mortgage delinquency.... more

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    This study investigates the causal effect of financial literacy on mortgage payment delinquency. Using an Instrumental-Variable (IV) approach, we find that increased financial literacy significantly reduces the probability of mortgage delinquency. The identified causal effect is robust to different specifications of the IV and cannot be explained by formal education, income, and many other individual characteristics. Our study also examines the heterogeneity of the impact across various demographic groups. We find that the effect of financial literacy on delinquency likelihood is negative and significantly different from zero for any age, gender, income, or education level. However, the magnitude of the effect decreases with age and is higher in states where the population’s financial literacy is low, as compared with high-literate states.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/283178
    Series: Jena economic research papers ; # 2023, 007
    Subjects: financial literacy; mortgage delinquency; NFCS surveys; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Estimating the Laffer tax rate on capital income
    cross-base responses matter!
    Author: Lefebvre, Marie-Noëlle; Lehmann, Etienne; Sicsic, Michaël
    Published: May 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We theoretically express the Laffer tax rate on capital income as a function of the elasticities of capital income (the "direct" elasticity) and of labor income (the "cross" elasticity) with respect to the net-of-tax rate on capital income. We... more

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    We theoretically express the Laffer tax rate on capital income as a function of the elasticities of capital income (the "direct" elasticity) and of labor income (the "cross" elasticity) with respect to the net-of-tax rate on capital income. We estimate these elasticities using salient capital tax reforms that took place in France between 2008 and 2017. Graphical evidence and Instrumental variables (IV) estimates confirm the existence of significant responses of both capital and labor income to capital tax reforms. Both approaches lead to positive cross responses, in contrast to the prediction of income-shifting models but in line with the two-period "working and saving" model. We obtain a direct elasticity around 0.76 which is robust across specifications. Ignoring the cross elasticity leads to a Laffer rate around 56%. However, since labor incomes are much larger than capital incomes, the Laffer tax rate is especially sensitive to the cross elasticity. Using our estimated positive cross elasticity dramatically reduces the Laffer tax rate on capital income to around 44%, taking income tax on labor income into account.

     
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    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/272739
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16112
    Subjects: capital income taxation; optimal tax; Laffer tax rate; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Long-run competitive spillovers of the credit crunch
    Author: McShane, William
    Published: May 2023
    Publisher:  Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH) - Member of the Leibniz Association, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Competition in the U.S. appears to have declined. One contributing factor may have been heterogeneity in the availability of credit during the financial crisis. I examine the impact of product market peer credit constraints on long-run competitive... more

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    Competition in the U.S. appears to have declined. One contributing factor may have been heterogeneity in the availability of credit during the financial crisis. I examine the impact of product market peer credit constraints on long-run competitive outcomes and behavior among non-financial firms. I use measures of lender exposure to the financial crisis to create a plausibly exogenous instrument for product market credit availability. I find that credit constraints of product market peers positively predict growth in sales, market share, profitability, and markups. This is consistent with the notion that firms gained at the expense of their credit constrained peers. The relationship is robust to accounting for other sources of inter-firm spillovers, namely credit access of technology network and supply chain peers. Further, I find evidence of strategic investment, i.e. the idea that firms increase investment in response to peer credit constraints to commit to deter entry mobility. This behavior may explain why temporary heterogeneity in the availability of credit appears to have resulted in a persistent redistribution of output across firms.

     
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    hdl: 10419/270978
    Series: IWH discussion papers ; 2023, no. 10 (May 2023)
    Subjects: financial crisis; instrumental variables; long-run effects; spillovers; strategic behavior
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (53 Seiten, 1,48 MB), Diagramme
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    Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 31-34
  4. Instrumenting the effect of terrorism on education in Kenya
    Author: Alfano, Marco; Görlach, Joseph-Simon
    Published: October 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper estimates the effect of exposure to terrorist violence on education. Since terrorists may choose targets endogenously, we construct a set of novel instruments. To that end, we leverage exogenous variation from a local terrorist group's... more

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    This paper estimates the effect of exposure to terrorist violence on education. Since terrorists may choose targets endogenously, we construct a set of novel instruments. To that end, we leverage exogenous variation from a local terrorist group's revenues and its affiliation with al-Qaeda. Across several Kenyan datasets we find that attacks suppress school enrolment more than predicted by difference-in-differences-type estimators. This indicates that terrorists target areas experiencing unobserved, positive shocks. Evidence suggests fears and concerns as mechanisms of impact, rather than educational supply.

     
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    hdl: 10419/282671
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16544
    Subjects: conflict; education; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Évaluation d'impact d'un projet d'adduction en eau potable à Kinshasa
    rapport complet
    Author: Saint-Macary, Camille; Adjegan, Komlavi; Gubert, Flore; Comblon, Virginie; Marion, Benoît; Roubaud, François
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  UMR LEDa, Paris

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    Language: French
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    Series: Document de travail / UMR LEDa ; DT/2023, 06
    Subjects: water supply and demand; water access; difference-in-differences; instrumental variables; Africa
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 135 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The effect of schooling on parental integration
    Author: Sommerfeld, Ann-Marie
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Jena, Germany

    Exploiting the age-at-enrollment policies in 16 German states as exogenous source of variation, I examine whether the schooling of the oldest child in a migrant household affects parents' integration. My analysis links administrative records on... more

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    Exploiting the age-at-enrollment policies in 16 German states as exogenous source of variation, I examine whether the schooling of the oldest child in a migrant household affects parents' integration. My analysis links administrative records on primary school enrollment cutoff dates with micro data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (GSOEP). Using a regression discontinuity design around the school enrollment cutoff and an instrumental variable approach I show that children's schooling improves the integration of parents along several dimensions, such as labor market outcomes, financial worries, and German language skills. Labor market outcomes are most positively affected for mothers. Additional analysis of underlying mechanisms suggests that results are driven by gains in disposable time and exposure to the German language and culture.

     
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    hdl: 10419/283189
    Series: Jena economic research papers ; # 2023, 018
    Subjects: international migration; assimilation; integration; education; schooling; family; regression discontinuity; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Bias-corrected instrumental variable estimation in linear dynamic panel data models
    Author: Chen, Weihao; Čížek, Pavel
    Published: 7 November 2023
    Publisher:  CentER, Tilburg University, [Tilburg]

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    Series: Discussion paper / CentER ; no. 2023, 028
    Subjects: bias correction; dynamic panel data model; endogeneity; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten)
  8. Significance bands for local projections
    Author: Inoue, Atsushi; Jordà, Òscar; Kuersteiner, Guido M.
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, [San Francisco, CA]

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    Series: Working papers series / Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ; 2023, 15 (May 2023)
    Subjects: local projections; impulse response; instrumental variables; significance bands; wild block bootstrap
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 13 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Structural change and gender sectoral segregation in sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Zuazu, Izaskun
    Published: August 2023
    Publisher:  Levy Economics Institute, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY

    Structural change has long been at the core of economic development debates. However, the gender implications of structural change are still largely unexplored. This paper helps to fill this gap by analyzing the role of structural change in the... more

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    Structural change has long been at the core of economic development debates. However, the gender implications of structural change are still largely unexplored. This paper helps to fill this gap by analyzing the role of structural change in the gender distribution of sectoral employment in sub-Saharan African countries. I employ aggregate and disaggregate measures of gender sectoral segregation in employment on a panel database consisting of 10 sectors and 11 countries during 1960-2010. Fixed effects and instrumental variables' regression models show a significant, non-linear link between labor productivity and gender segregation. Increasing labor productivity depresses gender segregation at initial phases of structural change. However, further productivity gains beyond a certain threshold of sectoral development increases gender segregation. Country-industry panel data models complement the analysis by considering relative labor productivity as a determinant of sectoral feminization. The estimates suggest that manufacturing, utilities, construction, business, and government services are key to correcting gender biases in employment along the process of structural change.

     
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    Series: Working paper / Levy Economics Institute of Bard College ; no. 1027
    Subjects: structural change; gender sectoral segregation; dissimilarity index; association index; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. The effect of schooling on parental integration
    evidence from Germany
    Author: Sommerfeld, Ann-Marie
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Exploiting the age-at-enrollment policies in 16 German states as exogenous source of variation, I examine whether the schooling of the oldest child in a migrant household affects parents' integration. My analysis links administrative records on... more

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    Exploiting the age-at-enrollment policies in 16 German states as exogenous source of variation, I examine whether the schooling of the oldest child in a migrant household affects parents' integration. My analysis links administrative records on primary school enrollment cutoff dates with micro data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (SOEP). Using a regression discontinuity design around the school enrollment cutoff and an instrumental variable approach I show that children's schooling improves the integration of parents along several dimensions, such as labor market outcomes, financial worries, and German language skills. Labor market outcomes are most positively affected for mothers. Additional analysis of underlying mechanisms suggests that results are driven by gains in disposable time and exposure to the German language and culture.

     
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    hdl: 10419/280353
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 1198 (2023)
    Subjects: international migration; assimilation; integration; education; schooling; family; regression discontinuity; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Tax competition among local governments
    evidence from a property tax reform in Finland
    Author: Lyytikäinen, Teemu
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  SERC, London

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    Series: SERC discussion paper ; 82
    Subjects: Property tax; tax competition; fiscal interaction; instrumental variables; spatial econometrics
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 31 S.), graph. Darst.
  12. Spillover effects of maternal education on child's health and schooling
    Author: Kemptner, Daniel; Marcus, Jan
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  DIW, Berlin

    This is the first study investigating the causal effect of maternal education on child's health and schooling outcomes in Germany. We apply an instrumental variables approach that has not yet been used in the intergenerational context. For that... more

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    This is the first study investigating the causal effect of maternal education on child's health and schooling outcomes in Germany. We apply an instrumental variables approach that has not yet been used in the intergenerational context. For that purpose, we draw on a rich German panel data set (SOEP) containing information about three generations. This allows instrumenting maternal education by the number of her siblings while conditioning on a set of variables describing the grandparents' social status and the area where the mother grew up. Given these variables, the number of siblings generates exogenous variation in the years of education by affecting the household resources available per child. We present evidence for strong and significant effects on schooling outcomes for both sexes. And, we find substantial effects on health behaviour for adolescent daughters, but not for adolescent sons. We show that possible concerns for the validity of the instrument are unlikely to compromise these results. We also discuss assortative mating and household income as possible channels of causality.

     
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    hdl: 10419/150920
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 375
    Subjects: Mütter; Bildungsniveau; Spillover-Effekt; Kinder; Bildungsabschluss; Gesundheit; Panel; Sozialforschung; Deutschland; Intergenerational mobility; returns to education; health; instrumental variables
    Scope: Online-Ressource (36 S., 450 KB), graph. Darst.
  13. Are education and entrepreneurial income endogenous and do family background variables make sense as instruments?
    a Bayesian analysis
    Author: Block, Jörn; Hoogerheide, Lennart; Thurik, Adriaan R.
    Published: 2010
    Publisher:  DIW, Berlin

    Education is a well-known driver of (entrepreneurial) income. The measurement of its influence, however, suffers from endogeneity suspicion. For instance, ability and occupational choice are mentioned as driving both the level of (entrepreneurial)... more

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    Education is a well-known driver of (entrepreneurial) income. The measurement of its influence, however, suffers from endogeneity suspicion. For instance, ability and occupational choice are mentioned as driving both the level of (entrepreneurial) income and of education. Using instrumental variables can provide a way out. However, three questions remain: whether endogeneity is really present, whether it matters and whether the selected instruments make sense. Using Bayesian methods, we find that the relationship between education and entrepreneurial income is indeed endogenous and that the impact of endogeneity on the estimated relationship between education and income is sizeable. We do so using family background variables and show that relaxing the strict validity assumption of these instruments does not lead to strongly different results. This is an important finding because family background variables are generally strongly correlated with education and are available in most datasets. Our approach is applicable beyond the field of returns to education for income. It applies wherever endogeneity suspicion arises and the three questions become relevant.

     
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    hdl: 10419/150874
    Edition: Current version: February 2010
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 329
    Subjects: Erfolgsfaktor; Entrepreneurship; Bildungsniveau; Soziale Lage; Selbstständige; Bayes-Statistik; Schätzung; Deutschland; Education; income; entrepreneurship; self-employment; endogeneity; instrumental variables; Bayesian analysis; family background variables
    Scope: Online-Ressource (27 S., 0,56 MB), graph. Darst.
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    Ursprünglich erschienen: 1. version: February 2010
  14. An instrumental variable random coefficients model for binary outcomes
    Author: Chesher, Andrew; Rosen, Adam M.
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, London

    In this paper we study a random coefficient model for a binary outcome. We allow for the possibility that some or even all of the regressors are arbitrarily correlated with the random coefficients, thus permitting endogeneity. We assume the existence... more

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    In this paper we study a random coefficient model for a binary outcome. We allow for the possibility that some or even all of the regressors are arbitrarily correlated with the random coefficients, thus permitting endogeneity. We assume the existence of observed instrumental variables Z that are jointly independent with the random coefficients, although we place no structure on the joint determination of the endogenous variable X and instruments Z, as would be required for a control function approach. The model fits within the spectrum of generalized instrumental variable models studied in Chesher and Rosen (2012a), and we thus apply identification results from that and related studies to the present context, demonstrating their use. Specifically, we characterize the identi.ed set for the distribution of random coefficients in the binary response model with endogeneity via a collection of conditional moment inequalities, and we investigate the structure of these sets by way of numerical illustration.

     
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    Series: Cemmap working paper / Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice ; 34/12
    Subjects: random coefficients; instrumental variables; endogeneity; incomplete models; set identification; partial identification; random sets
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 30 S., 2177 KB), graph. Darst.
  15. Breastfeeding and child cognitive outcomes
    evidence from a hospital-based breastfeeding support policy
    Author: Del Bono, Emilia; Rabe, Birgitta
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  ISER, [Colchester]

    This paper estimates the causal effects of breastfeeding on early child development using exogenous variation in breastfeeding support policies across UK maternity hospitals. Based on data from the Millennium Cohort Study, we find that mothers giving... more

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    This paper estimates the causal effects of breastfeeding on early child development using exogenous variation in breastfeeding support policies across UK maternity hospitals. Based on data from the Millennium Cohort Study, we find that mothers giving birth in hospitals where such policies are implemented are between 8 and 9 percentage points more likely to breastfeed exclusively at 4 and 8 weeks than mothers who give birth in other hospitals. The effect of breastfeeding are found to be large and positive on many different measures of child cognitive development throughout early childhood. In contrast to the previous literature, we find no statistically significant impact of breastfeeding on a number of health outcomes, but we see an improvement in child emotional development and maternal mental health.

     
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    hdl: 10419/91672
    Series: ISER Working Paper Series ; 2012-29
    Subjects: breastfeeding; child outcomes; hospital policies; instrumental variables
    Scope: Online-Ressource, graph. Darst.
  16. Does schooling improve cognitive functioning at older ages?
    Author: Schneeweis, Nicole; Skirbekk, Vegard; Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Univ., Dep. of Economics, Linz

    We study the relationship between education and cognitive functioning at older ages by exploiting compulsory schooling reforms, implemented in six European countries during the 1950s and 1960s. Using data of individuals aged 50+ from the Survey of... more

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    We study the relationship between education and cognitive functioning at older ages by exploiting compulsory schooling reforms, implemented in six European countries during the 1950s and 1960s. Using data of individuals aged 50+ from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we assess the causal effect of education on old-age memory, fluency, numeracy, orientation and dementia. We find a positive impact of schooling on memory. One year of education increases the delayed memory score by about 0.3, which amounts to 16% of the standard deviation. Furthermore, for women, we find that more education reduces the risk of dementia.

     
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    hdl: 10419/73629
    Series: Working paper / Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz ; 1211
    Subjects: Kognition; Ältere Menschen; Schulbesuch; Bildungsniveau; Schätzung; Europa; compulsory schooling; instrumental variables; education; cognitive functioning; memory; aging; dementia
    Scope: Online-Ressource (32 S.), graph. Darst.
  17. Quantile models with endogeneity
    Author: Chernozhukov, Victor; Hansen, Christian Bailey
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, London

    In this article, we review quantile models with endogeneity. We focus on models that achieve indentification through the use of instrumental variables and discuss conditions under which partial and point identification are obtained. We discuss key... more

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    In this article, we review quantile models with endogeneity. We focus on models that achieve indentification through the use of instrumental variables and discuss conditions under which partial and point identification are obtained. We discuss key conditions, which include monotonicity and full-rank-type conditions, in detail. In providing this review, we update the identification results of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2005). We illustrate the modelling assumptions through economically motivated examples. We also briefly review the literature on estimation and inference.

     
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    hdl: 10419/79548
    Series: Cemmap working paper / Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice ; 25/13
    Subjects: identification; treatment effects; structural models; instrumental variables
    Scope: Online-Ressource (33 S.)
  18. Does the behaviour of myopic addicts support the rational addiction model? A simulation
    Author: Frank, Björn
    Published: 2002
    Publisher:  Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin

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  19. Does the behaviour of myopic addicts support the rational addiction model?
    a simulation
    Author: Frank, Björn
    Published: 2002
    Publisher:  DIW, Berlin

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    Format: Print
    DDC Categories: 330; 380; 650; 670
    Series: Diskussionspapiere / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; Nr. 301
    Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; Nr. 301
    Subjects: Drogenkonsum; Rationalprinzip; Eingeschränkte Rationalität; Theorie; Schätzung; Schätztheorie
    Other subjects: (stw)Drogenkonsum; (stw)Rationalität; (stw)Begrenzte Rationalität; (stw)Theorie; (stw)IV-Schätzung; jel:C15; jel:D12; jel:D91; rational addiction; instrumental variables; drug consumption; Drogenkonsum (STW); Rationales Verhalten (STW); Beschränkte Rationalität (STW); Instrumentalvariablen-Schätzmethode (STW); Theorie (STW); Arbeitspapier; Graue Literatur
    Scope: 14 S., 21 cm
    Notes:

    Literaturverz. S. 12 - 14
  20. Class-size effects in school systems around the world
    evidence from between-grade variation in TIMSS
    Author: Woessmann, Ludger
    Published: 2002
    Publisher:  Inst. of World Economics, Kiel

  21. Yield determinants and the role of ESM loans in the primary market for Spanish sovereign debt
    Author: Spronsen, Josha van; Beetsma, Roel
    Published: 10 August 2024
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP19341
    Subjects: rimary market yields; Spanish sovereign debt; ESM lend-ing; machine learning; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Inference for local projections
    Author: Inoue, Atsushi; Jordà, Òscar; Kuersteiner, Guido M.
    Published: 19 August 2024
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP19379
    Subjects: local projections; impulse response; instrumental variables; confidence bands; simultaneous bands; significance bands; wild block bootstrap
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. The economic cost of air pollution
    evidence from Europe
    Author: Dechezleprêtre, Antoine; Rivers, Nicholas; Stadler, Balazs
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  OECD, Paris, France

    This study provides the first evidence that air pollution causes economy-wide reductions in market economic activity based on data for Europe. The analysis combines satellite-based measures of air pollution with statistics on regional economic... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    This study provides the first evidence that air pollution causes economy-wide reductions in market economic activity based on data for Europe. The analysis combines satellite-based measures of air pollution with statistics on regional economic activity at the NUTS-3 level throughout the European Union over the period 2000-15. An instrumental variables approach based on thermal inversions is used to identify the causal impact of air pollution on economic activity. The estimates show that a 1μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration (or a 10% increase at the sample mean) causes a 0.8% reduction in real GDP that same year. Ninety-five per cent of this impact is due to reductions in output per worker, which can occur through greater absenteeism at work or reduced labour productivity. Therefore, the results suggest that public policies to reduce air pollution may contribute positively to economic growth. Indeed, the large economic benefits from pollution reduction uncovered in the study compare with relatively small abatement costs. Thus, more stringent air quality regulations could be warranted based solely on economic grounds, even ignoring the large benefits in terms of avoided mortality.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Series: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1584
    Subjects: Economics; air pollution; economic output; thermal inversions; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. On track to success?
    returns to vocational education against different alternatives
    Author: Matthewes, Sönke Hendrik; Ventura, Guglielmo
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Universität Potsdam, Potsdam

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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Series: CEPA discussion papers ; no. 58 (November 2022)
    Subjects: instrumental variables; multi-valued treatment; returns to education; vocational education
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (70 Seiten, 3740 KB), Illustratioen
    Notes:

    Many countries consider expanding vocational curricula in secondary education to boost skills and labour market outcomes among non-university-bound students. However, critics fear this could divert other students from more profitable academic education. We study labour market returns to vocational education in England, where until recently students chose between a vocational track, an academic track and quitting education at age 16. Identification is challenging because self-selection is strong and because students’ next-best alternatives are unknown. Against this back- drop, we leverage multiple instrumental variables to estimate margin-specific treatment effects, i.e., causal returns to vocational education for students at the margin with academic education and, separately, for students at the margin with quitting education. Identification comes from variation in distance to the nearest vocational provider conditional on distance to the nearest academic provider (and vice-versa), while controlling for granular student, school and neighbourhood characteristics. The analysis is based on population-wide administrative education data linked to tax records. We find that the vast majority of marginal vocational students are indifferent be- tween vocational and academic education. For them, vocational enrolment substantially decreases earnings at age 30. This earnings penalty grows with age and is due to wages, not employment. However, consistent with comparative advantage, the penalty is smaller for students with higher revealed preferences for the vocational track. For the few students at the margin with no further education, we find merely tentative evidence of increased employment and earnings from vocational enrolment
  25. Naturalization and labor market performance of immigrants in Germany
    Author: Riphahn, Regina T.; Saif, Salwan
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a... more

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    DS 318 (980)
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    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear regression yields positive correlations between naturalization and beneficial labor market outcomes. Once we account for the endogeneity of naturalization most coefficients decline in magnitude and lose statistical significance: male immigrants' labor market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and welfare dependence for female immigrants. For males and females, the propensity to hold a permanent contract increase as a consequence of naturalization. The results are robust to modifications of samples and the instrument.

     
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    Content information
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/182207
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 980 (2018)
    Subjects: citizenship; migration; naturalization; labor market outcomes; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen