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Displaying results 1 to 19 of 19.

  1. Errors-in-variables models with many proxies
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  [Università di Siena], [Siena]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Quaderni del Dipartimento di economia politica e statistica ; n. 774 (gennaio 2018)
    Subjects: data combination; empirical Euclidean likelihood; errors-in-variables; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Does unmet health care lead to poorer health outcomes?
    Published: January 2018
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa

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    Series: Working paper / Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa ; 1803E
    Subjects: Unmet health care; health outcomes; instrumental variables; medication use
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten)
  3. Credit constraints, firms investment and growth evidence from survey data
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 1808
    Subjects: investment; firm growth; working capital; ordered probit; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Inference on time-invariant variables using panel data
    a pretest estimator
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques, Paris

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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Paris School of Economics ; no 2018, 07
    Subjects: Time-invariant variables; panel data; pretest estimator; instrumental variables; Mundlak estimator; Hausman-Taylor estimator
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Fertility transitions in developing countries
    convergence, timing, and causes
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    This paper studies the dynamics of fertility in 180 countries in the period 1950ñ 2015 and investigates the determinants of the onset of fertility transitions. The application of Phillips and Sulís (2007) test to fertility rates provides evidence of... more

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    This paper studies the dynamics of fertility in 180 countries in the period 1950ñ 2015 and investigates the determinants of the onset of fertility transitions. The application of Phillips and Sulís (2007) test to fertility rates provides evidence of convergence in three groups of countries. This information is used to distinguish the transitioning countries from those not transitioning. The estimation of the year of onset of the fertility transition is followed by an econometric analysis of the causes of this event. Instrumental-variable estimates show that increasing female education and reduced infant mortality are important determinants of fertility decline, while per-capita GDP has probably worked in the opposite direction. The instruments for per-capita income are the trade-weighted world income (Acemoglu et al., 2008) and the oil price shock (Brueckner and Schwandt, 2015). Mortality is instrumented with the predicted mortality (Acemoglu and Johnson, 2007), and mothersí education with the years of schooling of people aged 40ñ64. These results are conÖrmed by the application of Lewbelís (2012) methods where identiÖcation is based on heteroskedasticity.

     

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    hdl: 10419/182072
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 248
    Subjects: demographic transition; convergence; infant mortality; education; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The effect of self-employment on health
    instrumental variables analysis of longitudinal social security data
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    The growth of novel flexible work formats raises a number of questions about their effects upon health and the potential public policy implications. However, answering these questions is hampered by data and identification constraints. This is the... more

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    The growth of novel flexible work formats raises a number of questions about their effects upon health and the potential public policy implications. However, answering these questions is hampered by data and identification constraints. This is the first paper that draws on comprehensive longitudinal administrative data to examine the impact of self-employment in terms of health. In addition to variation in work status of each individual over time, we also consider variation driven by a number of novel instrumental variables. We also focus on an objective health outcome -hospital admissions- that is not subject to recall or other biases that may affect previous studies. Our findings, based on a representative sample of over 100,000 individuals followed monthly from 2005 to 2011 in Portugal, indicate that self-employment tends to reduce the likelihood of hospital admission by at least half.

     

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    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/181920
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 245
    Subjects: Self-employment; hospitalization; sick leave; mortality; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Naturalization and labor market performance of immigrants in Germany
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), DIW Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a... more

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    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear regression yields positive correlations between naturalization and beneficial labor market outcomes. Once we account for the endogeneity of naturalization most coefficients decline in magnitude and lose statistical significance: male immigrants' labor market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and welfare dependence for female immigrants. For males and females, the propensity to hold a permanent contract increase as a consequence of naturalization. The results are robust to modifications of samples and the instrument.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/182207
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 980 (2018)
    Subjects: citizenship; migration; naturalization; labor market outcomes; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The effect of college education on health and mortality
    evidence from Canada
    Published: Decembre 2018
    Publisher:  CIRANO, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations, Montréal

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    Series: Scientific series / CIRANO, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations ; 2018s, 41
    Subjects: mortality; education; microsimulation; quasi-experimental; instrumental variables; veterans
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The effect of college education on health and mortality
    evidence from Canada
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  [Centre de recherche sur les risques les enjeux économiques et les politiques publiques], [Québec]

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    Series: [Cahier de recherche] / Centre de recherche sur les risques les enjeux économiques et les politiques publiques ; 2018, 20
    Subjects: mortality; education; microsimulation; quasi-experimental; instrumental variables; veterans
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten)
  10. Efectos de la desregulación del sistema universitario en el mercado laboral en Perú
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, [La Plata, Argentina]

    In 1995 the peruvian's university system was reformed, the requirements for the entry of new universities were relaxed, the result of this reform was an relevant increases in the number of universities (around218%between1996and2017). The reform... more

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    In 1995 the peruvian's university system was reformed, the requirements for the entry of new universities were relaxed, the result of this reform was an relevant increases in the number of universities (around218%between1996and2017). The reform caused a significant proportion of workers, especially those born after 1980 to pursue higher education, which in the absence of the reform would they not have been able to access to the university system. Differences in the exposure to the reform in terms of the workers' year of birth, allow me to recover positive causal effects of higher education on wages and labor conditions, mainly a lower probability of labor informality.

     

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    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/214128
    Series: Documento de trabajo / CEDLAS ; nro. 235 (octubre 2018)
    Subjects: Higher education; instrumental variables; wage premium; labor informality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The role of obstacles to innovation on innovative activities
    an empirical analysis : prepared for the institutions for development sector
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), [Washington, DC]

    We study the effect of different types of barriers to innovation (financial, demand, knowledge, market, cooperation, and regulatory barriers) on firm level innovation inputs and outputs. Using a pooled sample of three Chilean innovation surveys,... more

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    We study the effect of different types of barriers to innovation (financial, demand, knowledge, market, cooperation, and regulatory barriers) on firm level innovation inputs and outputs. Using a pooled sample of three Chilean innovation surveys, based on an instrumental variables approach, we find that the probability of generating innovation outcomes is signficantly reduced by demand and financial barriers. Regarding inputs for innovation, we find a clear negative relationship between financial and demand obstacles and the propensity to incur (non-R&D) innovation expenditures, but not with its intensity. We also provide evidence of heterogeneous effects across sectors, finding that knowledge obstacles are relevant for manufacturing and market structure obstacles for services, while demand and financial obstacles appear to matter across the board.

     

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    46
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/208159
    Series: IDB working paper series ; no. IDB-WP-965
    Subjects: Financial and non-financial barriers to innovation; sectoral heterogeneity in innovation barriers; potential innovators; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The impact of mass migration of Syrians on the Turkish labor market
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    We estimate the effects of the arrival of 2.5 million Syrian migrants in Turkey by the end of 2015 on the labor market outcomes of natives, using a difference-in-differences IV methodology. We show that relaxing the common-trend assumption of this... more

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    We estimate the effects of the arrival of 2.5 million Syrian migrants in Turkey by the end of 2015 on the labor market outcomes of natives, using a difference-in-differences IV methodology. We show that relaxing the common-trend assumption of this methodology - unlike recent papers in the same setting - makes a substantial difference in several key outcomes. Despite the massive size of the migrant influx, no adverse effects on the average wages of men or women or on total employment of men are observed. For women, however, total employment falls - which results mainly from the elimination of part-time jobs. While the migrant influx has adverse effects on competing native workers in the informal sector, it has favorable effects on complementary workers in the formal sector. We estimate about one-to-one replacement in employment for native men in the informal sector, whereas both wage employment and wages of men in the formal sector increase. Our findings, including those on the heterogeneity of effects by age and education, are consistent with the implications of the canonical migration model. In addition, increases in prices in the product market and in capital flow to the treatment regions contribute to the rise in labor demand in the formal sector.

     

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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/193344
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12050
    Subjects: labor force and employment; wages; immigrant workers; formal and informal sectors; Syrian refugees; Turkey; difference-in-differences; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 99 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Risk aversion and entrepreneurship
    new evidence exploiting exposure to massive earthquakes in Italy
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    This paper investigates the impact of risk attitudes on the decision to become an entrepreneur. In contrast to previous research, we handle endogeneity issues relying on an instrumental variables strategy considering as a source of exogenous... more

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    This paper investigates the impact of risk attitudes on the decision to become an entrepreneur. In contrast to previous research, we handle endogeneity issues relying on an instrumental variables strategy considering as a source of exogenous variation in risk aversion the early exposure to a massive earthquake. Using several waves of the Bank of Italy Survey of Household Income and Wealth (SHIW), we find that individuals experiencing an earthquake become significantly more risk averse. Second-stage estimates show that risk aversion has a significant negative impact on the probability of becoming an entrepreneur.

     

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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/193351
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12057
    Subjects: entrepreneurship; risk attitudes; natural disasters; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Decentralization estimators for instrumental variable quantile regression models
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Cemmap, Centre for Microdata Methods and Practice, The Institute for Fiscal Studies, Department of Economics, UCL, [London]

    The instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQR) model of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2005, 2006) is a flexible and powerful tool for evaluating the impact of endogenous covariates on the whole distribution of the outcome of interest. Estimation,... more

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    The instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQR) model of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2005, 2006) is a flexible and powerful tool for evaluating the impact of endogenous covariates on the whole distribution of the outcome of interest. Estimation, however, is computationally burdensome because the GMM objective function is non-smooth and non-convex. This paper shows that the IVQR estimation problem can be decomposed into a set of conventional quantile regression sub-problems, which are convex and can be solved efficiently. This allows for reformulating the original estimation problem as the problem of finding the fixed point of a low dimensional map. This reformulation leads to new identification results and, most importantly, to practical, easy to implement, and computationally tractable estimators. We explore estimation algorithms based on the contraction mapping theorem and algorithms based on root-finding methods. We prove consistency and asymptotic normality of our estimators and establish the validity of a bootstrap procedure for estimating the limiting laws. Monte Carlo simulations support the estimator's enhanced computational tractability and demonstrate desirable finite sample properties.

     

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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211092
    Series: Cemmap working paper ; CWP18, 72
    Subjects: instrumental variables; quantile regression; contraction mapping; fixed point estimator; bootstrap
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Naturalization and labor market performance of immigrants in Germany
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich

    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a... more

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    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in host-country labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear regression yields positive correlations between naturalization and beneficial labor market outcomes. Once we account for the endogeneity of naturalization most coefficients decline in magnitude and lose statistical significance: male immigrants' labor market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and welfare dependence for female immigrants. For males and females, the propensity to hold a permanent contract increase as a consequence of naturalization. The results are robust to modifications of samples and the instrument.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/185415
    Series: Array ; no. 7217
    Subjects: citizenship; migration; naturalization; labor market outcomes; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Naturalization and labor market performance of immigrants in Germany
    Published: August 2018
    Publisher:  BGPE, Bavarian Graduate Program in Economics, Erlangen-Nuremberg

    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in hostcountry labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a reform... more

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    Naturalization may be a relevant policy instrument affecting immigrant integration in hostcountry labor markets. We study the effect of naturalization on labor market outcomes of immigrants in Germany. We apply recent survey data and exploit a reform of naturalization rules in an instrumental variable estimation. In our sample of recent immigrants, linear regression yields positive correlations between naturalization and beneficial labor market outcomes. Once we account for the endogeneity of naturalization most coefficients decline in magnitude and lose statistical significance: male immigrants' labor market outcomes do not benefit significantly from naturalization. Naturalization reduces the risks of unemployment and welfare dependence for female immigrants. For males and females, the propensity to hold a permanent contract increase as a consequence of naturalization. The results are robust to modifications of samples and the instrument.

     

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/201657
    Series: BGPE discussion paper ; no. 181
    Subjects: citizenship; migration; naturalization; labor market outcomes; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Are substitute services a barrier to controlling long-term care expenditures?
    Published: September 2018
    Publisher:  CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, The Hague

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    Series: CPB discussion paper ; 382
    Subjects: long-term care; policy evaluation; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Fertility and parental labor-force participation
    new evidence from a developing country in the Balkans
    Author: Trako, Iva
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques, Paris

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    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Paris School of Economics ; no 2018, 34
    Subjects: fertility; parental labor-force participation; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Returning home after conflict displacement
    labor supply and schooling outcomes among Kosovar households
    Author: Trako, Iva
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques, Paris

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    Series: Working paper / Paris School of Economics ; no 2018, 35
    Subjects: conflict displacement; education; labor; instrumental variables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen