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Displaying results 1 to 9 of 9.

  1. Determinants of industry concentration and dispersion
    Author: Jamison, Mark A.; Tęcza, Jakub
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  American Enterprise Institute, [Washington, DC]

    Given the political and public interest in rising industry concentration in developed economies, researchers have been working on uncovering underlying mechanisms and implications. Various causes of concentration have been proposed, although rarely... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Given the political and public interest in rising industry concentration in developed economies, researchers have been working on uncovering underlying mechanisms and implications. Various causes of concentration have been proposed, although rarely tested in a comprehensive model. We study five distinct phenomena and their association with industry concentration: 1) Industry regulation, 2) mergers, 3) information technology use, 4) imports, and 5) productivity. We find that greater concentration within an industry is related to higher productivity, more regulation, and more merger activity. On the other hand, it is lower with more imports and seemingly unrelated to the extent of information technology use. The most economically significant relationship is between concentration and industry productivity.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: AEI economics working paper ; 2024, 20 (November 2024)
    Subjects: Industry concentration; regulation; information technology; mergers
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Information technology in banking and entrepreneurship
    Author: Ahnert, Toni; Dörr, Sebastian; Pierri, Nicola; Timmer, Yannick
    Published: August 2024
    Publisher:  Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, D.C.

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Finance and economics discussion series ; 2024, 083
    Subjects: technology in banking; entrepreneurship; information technology; collateral; screening
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Information technology in banking and entrepreneurship
    Author: Ahnert, Toni; Dörr, Sebastian; Pierri, Nicola; Timmer, Yannick
    Published: August 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    We study the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. Guided by a parsimonious model, we establish that job creation by young firms is stronger in US counties more exposed to banks with greater IT adoption. We present... more

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    We study the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. Guided by a parsimonious model, we establish that job creation by young firms is stronger in US counties more exposed to banks with greater IT adoption. We present evidence consistent with banks’ IT adoption spurring entrepreneurship through a collateral channel: entrepreneurship increases by more in IT-exposed counties when house prices rise. Further analysis suggests that IT improves banks’ ability to determine collateral values, in particular when collateral appraisal is more complex. IT also reduces the time and cost of disbursing collateralized loans.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/305526
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11284 (2024)
    Subjects: technology in banking; entrepreneurship; information technology; collateral; screening
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Smart specialisation in the Western Balkans
    potential for knowledge-based economic cooperation : smart specialisation in the EU enlargement region
    Author: Matusiak, Monika; Conte, Andrea; Salotti, Simone; Dosso, Mafini; Hollanders, Hugo; Merkelbach, Iris; Tolias, Yannis; Duran, Nicolau; Fuster, Enric; Massucci, Francesco A.; Plazas, Adrià
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    All Western Balkan economies launched their first respective Smart Specialisation strategy development processes by 2018, wishing to enhance their innovation policy frameworks with the evidence-based and participatory approach for revealing priority... more

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    All Western Balkan economies launched their first respective Smart Specialisation strategy development processes by 2018, wishing to enhance their innovation policy frameworks with the evidence-based and participatory approach for revealing priority areas for policy intervention. Within these efforts, the economies had a complex task to thoroughly analyse their promising domains through economic, innovation and scientific mapping exercises. This report gives an overview of the regional competitiveness based on providing evidence on specialisation as well as emerging areas, highlighting their potential in detail. Although common patterns of economic specialisation are relatively rare, Western Balkan economies express a certain potential for science & technology collaborations. Smart Specialisation processes can enhance regional collaborations and contribute to bridging gaps between Science and Industry.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Radovanovic, Nikola (HerausgeberIn, VerfasserIn); Fabbri, Emanuele (HerausgeberIn, VerfasserIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789268144114
    Other identifier:
    Series: EUR ; 31911
    JRC ; 136606
    JRC technical report
    Subjects: smart specialisation; value chain; enlargement of the Union; regional cooperation; innovation; competitiveness; EU regional policy; information technology; economic development; knowledge management; Western Balkans; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 164 Seiten)
  5. Bigtech finance, the EU’s growth model and global challenges
    in-depth analysis requested by the ECON committee
    Author: James, Scott; Quaglia, Lucia
    Published: February 2024
    Publisher:  European Parliament, Brussels

    'Bigtech finance' - i.e. the provision of financial services by large digital conglomerates - has considerable implications for the EU's growth model and raises multiple regulatory concerns about financial stability; competition and market... more

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    'Bigtech finance' - i.e. the provision of financial services by large digital conglomerates - has considerable implications for the EU's growth model and raises multiple regulatory concerns about financial stability; competition and market concentration; data protection; cybersecurity and operational resilience. Bigtechs also have potential geostrategic implications because the largest digital platforms are headquartered outside the EU. To address these global challenges, this study makes recommendations aimed at strengthening the regulation of Bigtech finance internationally and in the EU. This document was provided/prepared by the Economic Governance and EMU Scrutiny Unit at the request of the ECON Committee.

     
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  6. Cyber insurance
    models and methods and the use of AI
    Author: Weber, Stefan; Scherer, Matthias; Pascu, Corina; Barros Lourenco, Marco
    Published: February 2024
    Publisher:  ENISA, Chalandri, Attiki, Greece

    Research and innovation (R&I) are important indicators for a society to measure progress, growth and development in any field. But progress and growth in our increasingly digital society cannot be achieved without trust. Investing in cybersecurity... more

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    Research and innovation (R&I) are important indicators for a society to measure progress, growth and development in any field. But progress and growth in our increasingly digital society cannot be achieved without trust. Investing in cybersecurity R&I is key to increasing knowledge about new and emerging threats and developing new technologies, tools and strategies to protect systems, networks and data. Failure to do so can have devastating consequences for building trust in the use of digital technologies by individuals, organisations and society as a whole. The main objective of this report is to introduce cyber risk and cyber insurance, provide an overview of existing research and modelling approaches, and identify gaps for upcoming research projects.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292046330
    Other identifier:
    Series: ENISA research and innovation brief
    Subjects: IT-Kriminalität; Forschung; Risiko; Versicherung; computer crime; data protection; information security; insurance; risk management; information technology; market; cybernetics; artificial intelligence; innovation; EU research policy; EU Member State; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten)
  7. Governance, debt service, information technology and access to electricity in Africa
    Author: Asongu, Simplice; Le Roux, Sara
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    The study investigates the role of governance (i.e., 'voice & accountability', political stability/no violence, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, corruption-control and the rule of law) in the incidence of short-term debt services on... more

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    The study investigates the role of governance (i.e., 'voice & accountability', political stability/no violence, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, corruption-control and the rule of law) in the incidence of short-term debt services on infrastructure development in the perspective of telecommunication infrastructure and access to electricity. The focus of the study is on 52 African countries for the period 2002-2021. The generalized method of moments is employed as estimation strategy and the following findings are established. Debt service has a negative unconditional effect on access to electricity and telecommunication infrastructure. Governance dynamics moderate the negative effect of debt service on infrastructure dynamics. Effective moderation is from regulatory quality and corruption-control for access to electricity and from government effectiveness, regulatory quality, corruption-control and rule of law, for telecommunication infrastructure. Policy implications are discussed.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/298281
    Series: AGDI working paper ; WP/24, 003
    Subjects: Debt service, governance; information technology; access to electricity; Africa
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Dynamics of productive investment and gaps between the United States and EU countries
    Author: Hanzl-Weiss, Doris; Stehrer, Robert
    Published: January 2024
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    This report offers a detailed documentation and assessment of the differences in real productive investment between the United States and EU countries, focusing especially on the period 2013-2019. The analysis is based on capital stock and gross... more

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    This report offers a detailed documentation and assessment of the differences in real productive investment between the United States and EU countries, focusing especially on the period 2013-2019. The analysis is based on capital stock and gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) data taken from Eurostat and the recent EU KLEMS releases, which provide comparable data for the US. The study considers various measures: investment gaps (defined as the difference in investment rates); the growth of real GFCF; and the accumulation of stocks. It documents differences in trends and in asset-type composition, as well as variations across the different EU countries. The study thus brings the existing literature up to date and adds investment dynamics to the discussion. The findings indicate the existence of a gap in productive investment in the period since the onset of the global financial crisis (caused largely by lower rates of investment, specifically in tangible information and communication technology and intangible assets) and gaps for larger EU member states. When we consider investment dynamics, we find more robust growth rates in productive investment in the EU than in the US over this period; however, again investment was lower in telecommunications equipment and software and databases. Since growth rates in the EU27 and the US have been similar since 2013, the EU27 has been unable to catch the US up in terms of capital accumulation. However, these results are sensitive to the application of asset price deflators: when US deflators are applied to the EU27, the differences are much less significant.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789286157325
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/281769
    Series: Economics - working papers ; 2024, 01
    Subjects: Productive investment; investment gap; investment dynamics; European Union; US; investment; private equity; capital increase; intangible asset; monetary crisis; information technology; economic policy; stock; database; software; EU Member State; United States
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Satellites turn "concrete"
    tracking cement with satellite data and neural networks
    Author: D'Aspremont, Alexandre; Arous, Simon Ben; Bricongne, Jean-Charles; Lietti, Benjamin; Meunier, Baptiste
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    This paper exploits daily infrared images taken from satellites to track economic activity in advanced and emerging countries. We first develop a framework to read, clean, and exploit satellite images. Our algorithm uses the laws of physics (Planck's... more

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    This paper exploits daily infrared images taken from satellites to track economic activity in advanced and emerging countries. We first develop a framework to read, clean, and exploit satellite images. Our algorithm uses the laws of physics (Planck's law) and machine learning to detect the heat produced by cement plants in activity. This allows us to monitor in real-time whether a cement plant is working. Using this information on around 500 plants, we construct a satellite-based index tracking activity. We show that using this satellite index outperforms benchmark models and alternative indicators for nowcasting the production of the cement industry as well as the activity in the construction sector. Comparing across methods, we find neural networks yields significantly more accurate predictions as they allow to exploit the granularity of our daily and plant-level data. Overall, we show that combining satellite images and machine learning allows to track economic activity accurately.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289963800
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/297340
    Series: Working paper series / European Central Bank ; no 2900
    Subjects: data science; construction; high-frequency data; Big data; machine learning; satellite; remote sensing; information technology; data collection; building; data processing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen