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  1. IT enabled services in the post-pandemic economy
    new opportunities for relations between India and Latin America
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago de Chile

    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of... more

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    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly doubled to about 15 percent today.The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a myriad of challenges and new prospects for ITeS. The industry is confronting this health crisis through opportunities to promote skill-up, embrace the digital transformation and stimulate overall growth of the industry in both regions. The increased reliance on e-commerce has paved the way for greater development of IT-enabled financial products delivered via mobile applications. Moreover, to remain competitive in the global market, companies have increased their demand for new technologies.In this context, this report examines new challenges and prospects for ITeS and e-commerce in the pandemic economy in India and LAC, and explores new opportunities for bilateral direct investment and trade between the two regions. Introduction .-- Overview .-- Impacts and Challenges for the Information Technology .-- Enabled Services Sector During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Private Sector View .-- Recommendations and Policy Directives.

     
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  2. IT enabled services in the post-pandemic economy
    new opportunities for relations between India and Latin America
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago de Chile

    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    During the last few decades, India’s trade with the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries has grown substantially, especially in the area of Information Technology (IT) services. The definition of IT services now includes a plethora of IT-enabled services (ITeS) directed to specific sectors, including Agri-tech, Fin-tech, Health-tech, manufacturing and mining-based services, as well as e-commerce. This sector has attracted significant Indian investment in the region. Over the last decade, the share of the IT sector in total Indian Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the region has nearly doubled to about 15 percent today.The COVID-19 pandemic has posed a myriad of challenges and new prospects for ITeS. The industry is confronting this health crisis through opportunities to promote skill-up, embrace the digital transformation and stimulate overall growth of the industry in both regions. The increased reliance on e-commerce has paved the way for greater development of IT-enabled financial products delivered via mobile applications. Moreover, to remain competitive in the global market, companies have increased their demand for new technologies.In this context, this report examines new challenges and prospects for ITeS and e-commerce in the pandemic economy in India and LAC, and explores new opportunities for bilateral direct investment and trade between the two regions. Introduction .-- Overview .-- Impacts and Challenges for the Information Technology .-- Enabled Services Sector During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Private Sector View .-- Recommendations and Policy Directives.

     
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  3. Does IT help?
    information technology in banking and entrepreneurship
    Author: Ahnert, Toni; Dörr, Sebastian; Pierri, Nicola; Timmer, Yannick
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    This paper analyzes the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. To guide our empirical analysis, we build a parsimonious model of bank screening and lending that predicts that IT in banking can spur entrepreneurship... more

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    This paper analyzes the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. To guide our empirical analysis, we build a parsimonious model of bank screening and lending that predicts that IT in banking can spur entrepreneurship by making it easier for startups to borrow against collateral. We provide empirical evidence that job creation by young firms is stronger in US counties that are more exposed to ITintensive banks. Consistent with a strengthened collateral lending channel for IT banks, entrepreneurship increases more in IT-exposed counties when house prices rise. In line with the model's implications, IT in banking increases startup activity without diminishing startup quality and it also weakens the importance of geographical distance between borrowers and lenders. These results suggest that banks' IT adoption can increase dynamism and productivity

     
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  4. Harmonised European Time Use Surveys (HETUS)
    2018 guidelines : re-edition
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    After 2000 and 2008, the Harmonised European Time Use Surveys (HETUS) 2018 guidelines are the third version of this methodological manual issued by Eurostat. These HETUS 2018 guidelines were firstly published on the Eurostat website in April 2019.... more

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    After 2000 and 2008, the Harmonised European Time Use Surveys (HETUS) 2018 guidelines are the third version of this methodological manual issued by Eurostat. These HETUS 2018 guidelines were firstly published on the Eurostat website in April 2019. All errors and possible improvements detected in the text since then were either removed from or added to this re-edition 2020. The HETUS 2018 guidelines recommend - as innovations compared to 2008 - to include a new diary column on information and communication technology (ICT) used during each activity. The three-level HETUS Activity Coding List (ACL) 2018 will be exactly the same as ACL 2008 for the two aggregated levels; only on detailed third level of ACL a few additional codes are proposed. Moreover, people's everyday satisfaction will be captured in future via four additional questions at the end of the diary. In order to reduce the burden of respondents, there are fewer questions in the household and in the individual model questionnaire. Finally, the form "Weekly Schedule of Working Time" will be left out. Actually, countries planning to participate in HETUS wave 3 are preparing, together with Eurostat, to complete HETUS with new tools and sources for collecting data in the years to come. Results of these initiatives will become available by the end of 2020 and these will then be 'translated' into precise and generally applicable methodological guidelines. Eurostat works - with the help of a dedicated Task Force TUS on Innovative Tools and Sources - to develop additional guidelines of this kind from 2021 onwards. Such additional guidelines, e.g. on new ways and mixed modes of data collection, will be added as an annex to the HETUS 2018 guidelines as soon as they will be ready.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276256540
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    Edition: 2020 edition
    Series: Manuals and guidelines
    Subjects: database; EU statistics; leisure; family; social life; length of journey; work-life balance; information technology
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 238 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. POINT review of industrial transition of Bulgaria
    harnessing digitalisation to link and strengthen the ICT and mechatronics sectors
    Author: Stefanov, Russlan; Boekholt, Patries; Pontikakis, Dimitrios
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report documents the findings of a review of industrial transition of Bulgaria launched in 2019 in partnership with the Bulgarian Council of Ministers, which follows the POINT (Projecting Opportunities for INdustrial Transitions) methodology of... more

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    This report documents the findings of a review of industrial transition of Bulgaria launched in 2019 in partnership with the Bulgarian Council of Ministers, which follows the POINT (Projecting Opportunities for INdustrial Transitions) methodology of the JRC. The review explores some of the policy pathways that Bulgaria might take as it seeks to digitalise its economy and derive multiple associated benefits in terms of pervasive productivity improvements and the creation of knowledge-intensive and therefore well-paid jobs for a broad cross section of the workforce. The Bulgarian information and communication technologies (ICT) sector has been on a meteoric growth trajectory over the past decade fuelled by the export of software solutions. However, ICT is still insufficiently connected to other sectors nationally and faces important skills bottlenecks. An important premise of this exercise is that the emerging strengths of the domestic ICT sector can contribute to the digitalisation of manufacturing and in particular of the mechatronics sector. This is because the needs of one sector closely correspond to the abilities of the other. Bulgaria has production strengths in both ICT and mechatronics dating back to the 1980s, which provides the necessary depth of the system for transformation. Based on extensive research, consultations with key stakeholders, and drawing from international experience the review makes a number of suggestions for improvement in long-term policy orientation, coordination and implementation. Importantly, there are significant gaps in the education and training systems that prevent systematic investments in human capital. Recent cluster initiatives by the ICT and mechatronics sectors and a proliferation of start-ups in both sectors are encouraging signs but will require considerable additional support to further develop and deliver broad-based benefits for the Bulgarian economy and society. The European Green Deal and the EU Recovery Fund offer a unique opportunity to address the gaps in the system and enable long-term transformation. In the medium term, there are considerable opportunities for further growth by nurturing greater domestic ICT use, including by government. A government-orchestrated effort to strengthen the linkages between ICT and mechatronics could help develop world-class production capabilities and also create a platform for wider digitalisation in other areas such as clean technologies, telemedicine and tele-education. For this effort to be successful, policy makers should consider actions that: Elevate human capital investment into a major national goal; Ensure sufficient public investments and encourage business investment on digital innovation, worker training, and upgrading of productive capabilities; Use the occasion of the digital transition to revamp rules and the structure of information flows, in order to improve governance and enable whole-of-government mobilisation; Strengthen and extend mechanisms that allow for coordination and collaboration with the business sector, ensure that policies leverage private investment and facilitate a continuous dialog that informs government policies.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276323228
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    Series: EUR ; 30643
    JRC science for policy report
    Subjects: mechatronics; information technology; digitisation; private equity; staff; productivity; job creation; digital single market; clean technology; telemedicine; distance learning; investment; innovation; governance; EU industrial policy; government policy; Bulgaria; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 118 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Financial innovation in the 21st century
    evidence from U.S. patents
    Author: Lerner, Joshua; Seru, Amit; Short, Nick; Sun, Yuan
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Harvard Business School, [Boston, MA]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Harvard Business School ; 21, 136
    Subjects: Banking; investment banks; information technology; regulation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 117 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. AI watch
    AI standardisation landscape state of play and link to the EC proposal for an AI regulatory framework
    Author: Nativi, Stefano; De Nigris, Sarah
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The present study surveys the ongoing standardisation activities on AI carried out by ESOs (European Standards Organizations) and international Standards Development Organizations (SDOs). In the present study we investigate the alignment between AI... more

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    The present study surveys the ongoing standardisation activities on AI carried out by ESOs (European Standards Organizations) and international Standards Development Organizations (SDOs). In the present study we investigate the alignment between AI related standards published or in development and the requirements proposed in the proposal for Artificial Intelligence Act.. The aim is to identify possible gaps and underdeveloped areas in the current standardisation activities. The main goal is to provide a contribution to the definition of a European standardisation roadmap for implementing the Artificial Intelligence Act (AIA) (European Commission, 2021). The document is organized as follows: Section 1 provides an overview of the different dimensions of standards and introduces the adopted landscaping methodology. Then, Sections 2 and 3 discuss the applied methodology to identify the standards relevant to the AIA and the considered standard population, respectively. Then, Section 4 delves into the proposed regulatory framework for AI (i.e. the AIA), introducing its scope and requirements. Section 5 provides a high-level analysis to map the identified standard populations onto the AIA requirements. Section 6 provides an in-depth analysis of the mapping, introducing an innovative methodology. Applying the proposed methodology, Section 7 discusses an executive version of the AIA requirements, according to a semi structured model. Section 8 discusses the obtained results of the in-depth analysis and provides initial reflections on the possible gaps. Finally, Section 9 summarizes findings, outline possible recommendations, and introduce potential future work.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276403258
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    Series: EUR ; 30772
    Subjects: Künstliche Intelligenz; Standardisierung; EU-Staaten; artificial intelligence; regulation of telecommunications; standardisation; European standard; information technology; data processing; research report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Weather information for smallholders
    evidence from a pilot field experiment in Benin
    Author: Yegbemey, Rosaine Nérice; Bensch, Gunther; Vance, Colin
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    Weather conditions are an important determinant of agricultural factor input, particularly labor allocation. The availability of weather forecasts can therefore lead to efficiency gains in the form of cost decreases and productivity increases. We... more

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    Weather conditions are an important determinant of agricultural factor input, particularly labor allocation. The availability of weather forecasts can therefore lead to efficiency gains in the form of cost decreases and productivity increases. We test the practical feasibility, the uptake, and the effect of providing basic weather forecasts in the rainy season on the labor productivity of smallholder farmers. For this purpose, we conducted a Randomized Controlled Trial as a pilot with monthly data collections involving 331 farmers across six villages in north Benin. We find that most farmers subscribe to the intervention and report satisfaction with the service. The impact estimates indicate positive and economically significant intention-to-treat and local average treatment effects on labor productivity for maize and cotton cultivation. These findings suggest that weather-related information and mobile phone outreach help smallholder farmers to better adapt to changing weather. Witterungsbedingungen beeinflussen wichtige Entscheidungen in der Landwirtschaft wie den Einsatz von Arbeitskräften. Die Verfügbarkeit von Wettervorhersagen kann daher zu Effizienzgewinnen in Form von Kostensenkungen und Produktivitätssteigerungen führen. In diesem Artikel testen wir die praktische Durchführbarkeit, die Akzeptanz und die Auswirkungen der Bereitstellung von Wettervorhersagen auf die Arbeitsproduktivität von Kleinbauern. Hierfür realisierten wir ein randomisiertes kontrolliertes Feldexperiment mit monatlichen Datenerhebungen in der Regenzeit unter 331 Bauern aus sechs Dörfern im Norden Benins. Im Rahmen dieser Pilotstudie stellten wir fest, dass die meisten Kleinbauern das Informationisangebot annehmen und mit der Dienstleistung zufrieden sind. Die ökonometrischen Schätzungen zeigen positive und wirtschaftlich signifikante Effekte auf die Arbeitsproduktivität im Mais- und Baumwollanbau. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass wetterbezogene Informationen und der Einsatz von Mobiltelefonen den Kleinbauern dabei helfen können, sich besser an das sich ändernde Wetter anzupassen.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783969730898
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248743
    Series: Ruhr economic papers ; #930
    Subjects: Pilot field experiment; climate and weather information; labor productivity; smallholder farming; information technology; impact evaluation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Estado de la implementación del Programa de Acción de Viena en favor de los Países en Desarrollo Sin Litoral para el Decenio 2014-2024
    Author: Pérez Salas, Gabriel; Sánchez, Ricardo J.
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Naciones Unidas, CEPAL, Santiago

    Este informe fue preparado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en coordinación con la Oficina del Alto Representante para los Países Menos Desarrollados, los Países en Desarrollo sin Litoral y los Pequeños Estados... more

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    Este informe fue preparado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en coordinación con la Oficina del Alto Representante para los Países Menos Desarrollados, los Países en Desarrollo sin Litoral y los Pequeños Estados Insulares en Desarrollo (UN-OHRLLS), para la reunión de revisión de medio término del Programa de Acción de Viena (VPoA) para el decenio 2014-2024 en América Latina y el Caribe.El informe se estructura del siguiente modo: en la primera parte se analiza la vinculación de los planes nacionales de desarrollo del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y del Paraguay con los objetivos definidos en la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y con los objetivos y prioridades del VPoA. La segunda parte se realiza una revisión y análisis del estado de implementación del VPoA en estos países, para luego analizar un conjunto desafíos emergentes para estos países como son el cambio climático y la innovación. En la cuarta parte, se presentan las conclusiones más significativas y se formulan recomendaciones que permitan apoyar en la elaboración del documento final para la revisión intermedia del VPoA de los países de la región latinoamericana. Resumen .-- Presentación .-- I. Ejes orientadores y coordinadores para el desarrollo sostenible de los países sin litoral .-- II. El estado de implementación del Programa de Acción de Viena en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y Paraguay .-- III. Desafíos emergentes: cambio climático e innovación .-- IV. Conclusiones y recomendaciones: El camino a seguir.

     
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  10. The potential impact of digital transformation on Egypt
    Author: Kamel, Sherif
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Economic Research Forum (ERF), Dokki, Giza, Egypt

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: ERF working papers series ; no. 1488 (September 2021)
    Subjects: Digital transformation; digitalization; inclusive development; human capital; innovation; digital economy; information technology; Egypt
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Advanced technologies for industry
    policy brief : industrial recovery and technology policy
    Author: Izsak, Kincsö; Romanainen, Jari; Stamenov, Blagoy
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report focuses on a review and analysis of recent policy actions across EU Member States that address the industrial recovery through research, technology and innovation. In the past decade the drive for industrial transformation has largely... more

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    This report focuses on a review and analysis of recent policy actions across EU Member States that address the industrial recovery through research, technology and innovation. In the past decade the drive for industrial transformation has largely been motivated by the desire to boost productivity and growth in an increasingly competitive manufacturing landscape. Policies have promoted the positioning of businesses higher up the value chain and often targeted 'high tech' sectors. The industrial transformation has been seen as a way to increase exports through competitiveness and even to address regional economic disparities. At the same time, many 'low tech' companies, as part of cost reduction strategies, have moved part of their production to Asia and other parts of the world. However, those companies were often producers of essential goods such as for example medical supplies. In addition, European companies have become extremely dependent on third countries for critical raw materials.The pandemic has thus revealed how vulnerable and dependent the production chains of European companies (both in high and in low tech sectors) have become due to globalisation. As a result, some policymakers looked at ways to incentivise companies to shorten their production chains and move their production capacity and jobs back to their countries of origin ('reshoring'). This applied especially to vital sectors such as medical technology and critical ICT technologies (such as cloud computing, micro- and nanoelectronics). In this context, this report begins by identifying the main drivers of industrial transformation before and after Covid-19. It then gives examples of how different advanced technologies could support recovery, diversification and resilience of manufacturing in the EU. After pointing out the key policy challenges for the industrial recovery, it finally analyses national policy responses to accelerate industrial recovery and puts forward best practices by giving examples of policy measures at national level that address these issues. It is important to note that this brief does not aim to provide an exhaustive overview of all the different strategies and policies addressing industrial recovery but rather to give a brief description of practices in a selected number of EU Member States and highlight key policy challenges. This report is based on desk research, expert assessment and interviews with policymakers.

     
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  12. Innovation ecosystems and start-ups in the Mediterranean as a means of recovering from the COVID-19 crisis
    Author: Sidło, Katarzyna
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  European Committee of the Regions, Bruxelles, Belgique

    The ability to innovate and to make use of new technologies and techniques is indispensable for economic diversification and sustainable development. It is not easy to define innovation, as it is a much broader concept than just capacity to devise... more

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    The ability to innovate and to make use of new technologies and techniques is indispensable for economic diversification and sustainable development. It is not easy to define innovation, as it is a much broader concept than just capacity to devise new high-tech products and solutions. Indeed, "innovation is as much about culture, leadership, finance, governance and people as it is about technology and data" (OECD, 2019). In particular, in the public sector, innovation is geared towards addressing the needs of citizens by creating value added and making an impact (Hartley, 2005). In the present report, following the Oslo Manual, innovation is defined as "a new or improved product or process (or combination thereof) that differs significantly from the unit's previous products or processes and that has been made available to potential users (product) or brought into use by the unit (process)" (OECD, 2018). Against this background, the aim of this report is to identify the main obstacles and challenges to the creation and development of innovation strategies, ecosystems and start-ups, and solutions - in particular those to which local and regional authorities (LRAs) can contribute - in the following countries that are ARLEM (the Euro-Mediterranean Regional and Local Assembly) members: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), Egypt, Turkey, Algeria, Mauritania, Morocco (case study), Tunisia, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine1, and Libya, which has observer status within ARLEM. The final section of the report contains proposed solutions and policy recommendations on how innovation ecosystems and start-ups can be enhanced.

     
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  13. Small goes digital
    how digitalization can bring about productive growth for micro and small enterprises
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  ILO, Geneva

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    C 285659
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9789220349427
    Subjects: KMU; Digitalisierung; Produktivität; Welt; microenterprise; small enterprise; information technology; ILO pub
    Scope: IX, 75 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Notes:

    1. Background: Digitalization and productivity in micro and small enterprises -- 2. Opportunities -- 3. Barriers -- 4. Two models of how digitalization leads to MSE productivity -- 5. Policy and support approaches -- 6. Conclusion and outlook.
  14. The digital transformation of Latin American tax administrations
    the case of Chile
    Author: Reyes-Tagle, Gerardo; Calijuri, Mónica; Santín, Osvaldo; Roca, Carolina; Cadena, Luis Fernando; Barraza, Fernando; Marinkovic Febré, Erick
    Published: December 2021
    Publisher:  IDB, Inter-American Development Bank, [Washington, DC]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Series: Discussion paper / IDB, Inter-American Development Bank ; no IDB-DP-885
    Subjects: digital transformation; information technology; data; fiscal control; services for tax; payers; tax collection efficiency; tax administration
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Study on national broadband plans in the EU-27
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The ambition of the update of the study was to provide a retrospective view on reaching the Digital Agenda for Europe 2020 targets and estimate the probability of reaching the Gigabit Society 2025 objectives. As the DESI 2020 indicators are mainly... more

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    The ambition of the update of the study was to provide a retrospective view on reaching the Digital Agenda for Europe 2020 targets and estimate the probability of reaching the Gigabit Society 2025 objectives. As the DESI 2020 indicators are mainly based on the data from 2019, we still operate with probabilities (low, medium & high) when estimating accomplishment of the DAE 2020 targets. Despite ambitious national broadband plans and good progress in the recent years, only few Member States are close to reaching or reached the DAE 2020 targets. Achieving some of the Gigabit Society 2025 targets might become challenging for most of the MS. The Member states' NBPs highly differ regarding their content. However, all Member States have an overall strategic approach for the deployment of NGA networks that is implemented in practice. There are a variety of conditions that influence the success of NGA roll-out in a given country. Successful NBPs consider their respective starting positions and describe concrete measures that take advantage of the individual strengths and define measures to mitigate the effect of disadvantages. The NBPs of the Member States usually set one or two foci out of the following spheres: Demand Side measures, Supply Side measures, Regulatory and Organizational measures, Transparency measures. There is no one-size-fits-all solution for broadband strategies across Europe. The NBPs seem not to be transferrable, while some measures, however, can be applied under the same conditions.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276414988
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: transmission network; telecommunications policy; digital technology; information technology; telecommunications equipment; EU Member State
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 241 Seiten)
  16. Does IT help?
    information technology in banking and entrepreneurship
    Author: Ahnert, Toni; Dörr, Sebastian; Pierri, Nicola; Timmer, Yannick
    Published: August 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    This paper analyzes the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. To guide our empirical analysis, we build a parsimonious model of bank screening and lending that predicts that IT in banking can spur entrepreneurship... more

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    This paper analyzes the importance of information technology (IT) in banking for entrepreneurship. To guide our empirical analysis, we build a parsimonious model of bank screening and lending that predicts that IT in banking can spur entrepreneurship by making it easier for startups to borrow against collateral. We provide empirical evidence that job creation by young firms is stronger in US counties that are more exposed to ITintensive banks. Consistent with a strengthened collateral lending channel for IT banks, entrepreneurship increases more in IT-exposed counties when house prices rise. In line with the model's implications, IT in banking increases startup activity without diminishing startup quality and it also weakens the importance of geographical distance between borrowers and lenders. These results suggest that banks' IT adoption can increase dynamism and productivity

     
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  17. Estado de la implementación del Programa de Acción de Viena en favor de los Países en Desarrollo Sin Litoral para el Decenio 2014-2024
    Author: Pérez Salas, Gabriel; Sánchez, Ricardo J.
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Naciones Unidas, CEPAL, Santiago

    Este informe fue preparado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en coordinación con la Oficina del Alto Representante para los Países Menos Desarrollados, los Países en Desarrollo sin Litoral y los Pequeños Estados... more

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    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
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    Este informe fue preparado por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en coordinación con la Oficina del Alto Representante para los Países Menos Desarrollados, los Países en Desarrollo sin Litoral y los Pequeños Estados Insulares en Desarrollo (UN-OHRLLS), para la reunión de revisión de medio término del Programa de Acción de Viena (VPoA) para el decenio 2014-2024 en América Latina y el Caribe.El informe se estructura del siguiente modo: en la primera parte se analiza la vinculación de los planes nacionales de desarrollo del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y del Paraguay con los objetivos definidos en la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y con los objetivos y prioridades del VPoA. La segunda parte se realiza una revisión y análisis del estado de implementación del VPoA en estos países, para luego analizar un conjunto desafíos emergentes para estos países como son el cambio climático y la innovación. En la cuarta parte, se presentan las conclusiones más significativas y se formulan recomendaciones que permitan apoyar en la elaboración del documento final para la revisión intermedia del VPoA de los países de la región latinoamericana. Resumen .-- Presentación .-- I. Ejes orientadores y coordinadores para el desarrollo sostenible de los países sin litoral .-- II. El estado de implementación del Programa de Acción de Viena en el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia y Paraguay .-- III. Desafíos emergentes: cambio climático e innovación .-- IV. Conclusiones y recomendaciones: El camino a seguir.

     
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