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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 28.

  1. FDI, multinationals and structural change in developing countries
    Author: Alves, André Gustavo de Miranda Pineli; Narula, Rajneesh; Belderbos, René
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), Maastricht, The Netherlands

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper series / United Nations University, UNU-MERIT ; #2019, 004
    Subjects: foreign direct investment; multinational enterprises; developing countries; economic development; structural change
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Georgia's economic performance
    bright spots and remaining challenges
    Author: Akhvlediani, Tinatin; Havlik, Peter
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Verein "Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche" (wiiw), Wien

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/204272
    Series: Policy notes and reports ; 29 (April 2019)
    Subjects: Georgia; foreign trade; foreign direct investment; economic integration
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Foreign direct investment in the African food and agriculture sector
    trends, determinants and impacts
    Author: Husmann, Christine; Kubik, Zaneta
    Published: April 2019
    Publisher:  Center for Development Research, University of Bonn, Bonn

    In this paper, we seek to answer three research questions: (1) What is the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the African food and agriculture sector in the last 15 years? (2) What are the drivers of FDI in the African food and agriculture... more

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    In this paper, we seek to answer three research questions: (1) What is the pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the African food and agriculture sector in the last 15 years? (2) What are the drivers of FDI in the African food and agriculture sector? (3) What is the evidence on the impacts of private-sector investments in the African food and agriculture sector on the product and labor markets, with particular focus on income effects? Our analysis shows that a total of $48.737 billion was invested in the African food and agriculture sector by foreign private-sector investors between 2003 and 2017, with a noticeable peak in FDI inflows observed after the 2008/09 agricultural commodities shocks suggesting that international investors want to capitalize on high food prices. The initiatives such as the New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition and Grow Africa, which aim to create a conducive environment for investment, might have also contributed to the growth of FDI volumes reported over the last years. Our econometric analysis reveals that market potential is one of the main drivers of FDI in food and agriculture sector in Africa. More specifically, population size consistently has a significant impact on sectoral FDI inflows in Africa, irrespective of the model specification. Among the supply-side factors, the size of agricultural land turns out to be an important predictor of FDI inflows. Agglomeration effects are also observed, with a lagged volume of FDI inflows having a very strong impact on the level of current FDI. Finally, infrastructure or institutional quality play an essential role in attracting investment. These findings give support to various strands of literature that we drew upon in the theoretical framework. Uncovering the impacts that private-sector investment has on the population proved not to be straightforward. Even though the literature is relatively abundant, it is flawed with multiple methodological issues that limit its internal and external validity. Despite these caveats, most of the studies reviewed in our paper seem to suggest positive impacts on farm and labor income. The effects on equality and poverty are not clear, as some investment schemes may be biased towards the better-off households. However, wage-employment opportunities generated by private-sector investment seem to benefit the poorest, especially when they target unskilled labor or women. Finally, there is evidence that private-sector investment might act as a driver of technical innovation. However, many research gaps remain.

     
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    hdl: 10419/204641
    Series: ZEF-discussion papers on development policy ; no. 274
    Subjects: foreign direct investment; food; agriculture; Africa; income; employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. La mediterraneidad como determinante del flujo bilateral de inversión extranjera directa
    Author: Burgoa Terceros, Rodrigo Alfonso; Vidaurre Valdivia, Ana Lucia
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Universidad Católica Boliviana, Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas, [La Paz]

    The current research analyzes the main variables that explain the bilateral flow's behavior of foreign direct investment. This document is emphasized on the landlocked countries, a geographic variabel which is present in almost 25 percent of all... more

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    The current research analyzes the main variables that explain the bilateral flow's behavior of foreign direct investment. This document is emphasized on the landlocked countries, a geographic variabel which is present in almost 25 percent of all countries. The research is built through a panel data composed by 9,312 bilateral flows corresponding to 97 countries in the period 2001-2012, with a total of 111,744 observations. The estimation is made within the framework of the gravity equation and Dunning's eclectic paradigm. The results have the expected estimates. It was found that landlocked countries lose about 60 percent of their flows of foreign direct investment. The cause of this loss can be explained by the isolation that the geographic characteristic generates. Finally, in a study on Bolivia, it was found that this country loses about 2.22 percent of the Gross domestic product every year because it is landlocked.

     
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    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/204295
    Series: Documento de trabajo IISEC-UCB ; no. 19, 03 (Junio 2019)
    Subjects: Landlocked countries; foreign direct investment; eclectic paradigm; gravity equation; data panel
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. The limits of foreign-led growth: demand for digital skills by foreign and domestic firms in Slovakia
    Author: Drahokoupil, Jan; Fabo, Brian
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  National Bank of Slovakia, Bratislava

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    Series: NSB Working paper / National Bank of Slovakia ; 2019,7
    Subjects: skills; foreign direct investment; FDI; digitalization; global production networks; job vacancies
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Refugees and foreign direct investment
    quasi-experimental evidence from U.S. resettlements
    Author: Mayda, Anna Maria; Parsons, Christopher R.; Han Pham; Vézina, Pierre-Louis
    Published: December 2019
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We exploit the designs of two separate U.S. refugee dispersal policies to provide causal evidence that refugees foster outward FDI to their countries of origin. Drawing upon aggregated individual-level refugee and project-level FDI data, we first... more

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    We exploit the designs of two separate U.S. refugee dispersal policies to provide causal evidence that refugees foster outward FDI to their countries of origin. Drawing upon aggregated individual-level refugee and project-level FDI data, we first leverage the quasi-random distribution of refugees "without U.S. ties" after the enactment of the 1980 Refugee Act, to show that outward FDI to refugees' countries of origin grew more from those U.S. commuting zones that hosted greater numbers of refugees after 1990. Secondly, we exploit the specificities of the Indochina Migration and Refugee Assistance Act, which resulted in a quasi-experimental dispersal of Vietnamese refugees in 1975, to provide causal evidence that Vietnamese refugees fostered FDI to their home region, while national domestic reforms in Vietnam amplified the positive FDI-creating effects of the overseas Vietnamese diaspora. Overall, our results highlight a new mechanism through which refugees foster development to their origin countries.

     
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    hdl: 10419/215256
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12860
    Subjects: refugees; networks; foreign direct investment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Multinational corporations and tax havens
    evidence from country-by-country reporting
    Author: Garcia-Bernardo, Javier; Jansky, Petr; Tørsløv, Thomas
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    A growing body of economics literature shows that multinational corporations (MNCs) shift their profits to tax havens. We contribute to this evidence by comparing a range of available data sets focusing on US MNCs, including country-by-country... more

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    A growing body of economics literature shows that multinational corporations (MNCs) shift their profits to tax havens. We contribute to this evidence by comparing a range of available data sets focusing on US MNCs, including country-by-country reporting data which has been released in December 2018 for the first time. With each of the datasets, we analyse the effective tax rates that US MNCs face in each country and the amount of profits they report. Using country-by-country reporting data, we have been able to establish that lower effective corporate tax rates are associated with higher levels of reported profits when compared with different indicators of real economic activity. This corresponds to the notion that MNCs often shift profits to countries with low effective tax rates - without also shifting substantive economic activity. Consequently, we identify the most important tax havens for US MNCs as countries with both low effective tax rates and high profits misaligned with economic activity.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228072
    Series: IES working paper ; 2019, 31
    Subjects: Effective tax rate; profit shifting; tax haven; country-by-country reporting; multinational enterprise; foreign direct investment; tax competition
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Domestic and foreign investment in advanced economies
    the role of industry integration
    Author: Sastre, Teresa; Heras Recuero, Laura
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 1933
    Subjects: investment; foreign direct investment; vertical and horizontal integration; global value chains
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Public policy reforms to further improve Portuguese export performance
    Author: Westmore, Ben; Adamczyk, Paula
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  OECD, Paris, France

    Portugal’s export performance over the past decade has been impressive, helping to reduce external imbalances. This partly owed to a sequence of structural reforms that benefited the productivity of the export sector and led to an increase in its... more

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    Portugal’s export performance over the past decade has been impressive, helping to reduce external imbalances. This partly owed to a sequence of structural reforms that benefited the productivity of the export sector and led to an increase in its size. Nonetheless, exports as a share of GDP and the stock of foreign direct investment remain below that of other comparable small European economies. Further shifting the orientation of the economy to the external sector is vital for Portugal given the strong link between trade openness and GDP per capita. To do this, policymakers must ensure that policy settings incentivise exporting firms to expand and improve their competitiveness, both through lower price and improved quality. For example, regulatory barriers that reduce competition in professional services should be lowered to improve the cost and quality of intermediate inputs. Increasing the efficiency of domestic infrastructure is also key, especially through competition-enhancing reforms to the port sector. To further differentiate and improve Portuguese export products, skills in the business sector need to be enhanced through better-targeted lifelong learning opportunities. At the same time, there is a need to focus innovation policies on raising the participation of small and medium enterprises in innovative activities.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    Series: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1556
    Subjects: Economics; Portugal; export performance; foreign direct investment; competitiveness; regulatory reforms; infrastructure; lifelong learning; innovation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Have robots grounded the flying geese?
    evidence from greenfield FDI in manufacturing
    Author: Hallward-Driemeier, Mary; Nayyar, Gaurav
    Published: December 2019
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    For decades, manufacturers around the world have outsourced production to countries with lower labor costs. However, there is a concern that robotization in high-income countries will challenge this shifting international division of labor known as... more

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    For decades, manufacturers around the world have outsourced production to countries with lower labor costs. However, there is a concern that robotization in high-income countries will challenge this shifting international division of labor known as the "flying geese" paradigm. Greenfield foreign direct investment decisions constitute a forward-looking indicator of where production is expected, rather than trade flows that reflect past investment decisions. Exploiting differences across countries and industries, the intensity of robot use in high-income countries has a positive impact on foreign direct investment growth from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries over 2004-15. Past a threshold, however, increased robotization in high-income countries has a negative impact on foreign direct investment growth. Only 3 percent of the sample exceeds the threshold level beyond which further automation results in negative foreign direct investment growth and is consistent with re-shoring. For another 25 percent of the sample, the impact of robotization on the growth of foreign direct investment is positive, but at a rate that is declining. So, although these are early warning signs, automation in high-income countries has resulted in growing foreign direct investment for more than two-thirds of the sample under consideration. Some geese may be slowing, but for now, most continue to fly

     
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    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Automation; robots; foreign direct investment; global value chains; flying geese paradigm
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Welfare and equity impacts of cross border factor mobility in Bangladesh
    a general equilibrium analysis
    Author: Hossain, Sharif M.; Hosoe, Nobuhiro
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies, Tokyo, Japan

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    Series: GRIPS discussion paper ; 18, 22
    Subjects: Factor mobility; migration; remittances; foreign direct investment; computable general equilibrium analysis
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  12. Decomposing multinational corporations' declining effective tax rates
    Author: Garcia-Bernardo, Javier; Jansky, Petr; Torslov, Thomas
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    We develop a new methodology to decompose the observed decline in multinational corporations' (MNCs') effective tax rates into profit shifting to tax havens and several other components. We apply this methodology to the best available data for MNCs... more

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    We develop a new methodology to decompose the observed decline in multinational corporations' (MNCs') effective tax rates into profit shifting to tax havens and several other components. We apply this methodology to the best available data for MNCs headquartered in the US - from the Bureau of Economic Analysis - and in the EU - from Orbis - and we arrive at three main findings. First, we estimate that between 2005 and 2015 increased profit shifting directly explains only 30% and 5% of the 7 and 9 percentage point declines in effective tax rates for US and EU MNCs, respectively. At the same time, we note that profit shifting might explain more of the decline indirectly, through its effects on domestic taxation, i.e. taxation of MNCs in their home country; this is responsible for more than 50% of the overall decline in effective tax rates for both US and EU MNCs. Second, we find that US MNCs have primarily benefited from domestic tax base reductions, most of which can be explained by sectoral changes, while the statutory rate remained constant. Third, we show that EU MNCs have mainly benefited from falling domestic statutory rates and we observe similar patterns across EU home countries, host countries and sectors. Overall, while we confirm that profit shifting is increasing in scale, we also highlight that it may have even more prominent indirect effects.

     
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    Series: IES working paper ; 2019, 39
    Subjects: Effective tax rates; multinational corporations; foreign direct investment; profit shifting
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  13. The costs of tax havens
    evidence from industry-level data
    Author: Jansky, Petr
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    Multinational enterprises make use of tax havens to avoid paying corporate income taxes and this costs hundreds billion USD in lost government revenue worldwide according to an increasing number of recent studies. None of those studies assigns these... more

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    Multinational enterprises make use of tax havens to avoid paying corporate income taxes and this costs hundreds billion USD in lost government revenue worldwide according to an increasing number of recent studies. None of those studies assigns these costs to industries. I aim to shed more light on this gap by using some of the best available industry-level US data to determine to what extent the location of the MNEs' profit is aligned with the location of their economic activities. My first finding is that the most important tax havens for US multinational enterprises are the Netherlands, Ireland and Luxembourg (all EU member states). Second, I systematically identify the specific industries in specific tax havens responsible for the costs, which should be useful information for tax authorities aiming to reduce tax avoidance. Finally, I argue that the current data are not detailed enough to provide a reliable industry breakdown of the costs, but the prospect of combining input-output tables with forthcoming country-by-country data seems more promising.

     
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    Series: IES working paper ; 2019, 40
    Subjects: Multinational enterprises; foreign direct investment; tax havens; industry-level data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Foreign direct investment as a determinant of cross-country stock market comovement
    Author: Anagnostopoulos, Alexios; Atesagaoglu, Orhan Erem; Faraglia, Elisa; Giannitsarou, Chryssi
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  CFM, Centre for Macroeconomics, London

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    Edition: This draft: July 22, 2019
    Series: CFM discussion paper series ; CFM-DP 2019, 12
    Subjects: stock market comovements; foreign direct investment; business cycle synchronisation; multinational fi…rms; asset pricing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Voting with their money
    Brexit and outward investment by UK firms
    Author: Breinlich, Holger; Leromain, Elsa; Novy, Dennis; Sampson, Thomas
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Series: CEP discussion paper ; no 1637 (July 2019)
    Subjects: Brexit; foreign direct investment; synthetic control method
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  16. Targeting FDI
    Author: Wooton, Ian; Ferrett, Ben
    Published: 07 March 2019
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Series: Array ; DP13573
    Subjects: foreign direct investment; tax/subsidy competition; efficiency
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  17. Implications of foreign direct investment, capital formation and its structure for global value chains
    Author: Adarov, Amat; Stehrer, Robert
    Published: November 2019
    Publisher:  Wiener Institut für Internationale Wirtschaftsvergleiche, Wien

    In the age of globalisation, international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) have become integral elements of cross-country production sharing. In this paper we empirically assess the impact of FDI, as well as capital dynamics and structure,... more

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    In the age of globalisation, international trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) have become integral elements of cross-country production sharing. In this paper we empirically assess the impact of FDI, as well as capital dynamics and structure, on the formation of global value chains (GVC) and trade in value added at country and sectoral levels based on a database constructed for a sample of European countries over the period 2000-2014. The analysis reveals that inward FDI is especially conducive to the formation of backward linkages while outward FDI facilitates forward GVC participation, especially in high-tech manufacturing sectors. A particularly robust influence of FDI and capital accumulation on GVC integration is identified in the textile and clothing industry. While capital accumulation in general intensifies GVC linkages for most sectors, ICT capital appears to be especially instrumental for backward integration of electrical and transportation equipment sectors.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223075
    Series: Working paper / wiiw ; 170
    Subjects: global value chains; value added trade; foreign direct investment; capital; capitalcomposition; gravity model; fractional response model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Foreign direct investment as a determinant of cross-country stock market comovement
    Author: Anagnostopoulos, Alexios; Atesagaoglu, Orhan Erem; Faraglia, Elisa; Giannitsarou, Chryssi
    Published: July 22, 2019
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY

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    Edition: This draft: July 22, 2019
    Series: Departmental working papers / Stony Brook University, College of Arts & Sciences, Department of Economics ; 19, 03
    Subjects: stock market comovements; foreign direct investment; business cycle synchronisation; multinational firms; asset pricing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Foreign in-and divestments in retail and their impacts on emerging economies
    the case of Turkey
    Author: Gersch, Inka
    Published: 07.05.2019

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    Language: English; German
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
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    Subjects: retail internationalisation; service sector; foreign direct investment; foreign divestment; knowledge transfer; supplier upgrading; Turkey
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: xiv, 130, xv-li Seiten, 4.46 MB)
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    "Die kumulative Organisationsform der Dissertation bedingt, dass die Arbeit sowohl deutschsprachige als auch englischsprachige Texte beinhaltet." - (Anmerkungen, Rückseite der Titelseite)

    Enthält mehrere Beiträge

    Dissertation, Universität Osnabrück, 2019
  20. A review of the literature on productivity impacts of global value chains and foreign direct investment
    towards an integrated approach
    Author: Murakami, Yoshimichi; Ōtsuka, Keijirō
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration, Kobe University, Kobe

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    Edition: Revised August 3, 2019
    Series: Discussion paper series / Research Institute for Economics and Business Administration, Kobe University ; DP2017, 19
    Subjects: foreign direct investment; global value chains; information spillovers; absorptive capacity; backward linkages; integrated approach
    Scope: 59 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  21. Have robots grounded the flying geese?
    evidence from greenfield FDI in manufacturing
    Author: Hallward-Driemeier, Mary; Nayyar, Gaurav
    Published: December 2019
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    For decades, manufacturers around the world have outsourced production to countries with lower labor costs. However, there is a concern that robotization in high-income countries will challenge this shifting international division of labor known as... more

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    For decades, manufacturers around the world have outsourced production to countries with lower labor costs. However, there is a concern that robotization in high-income countries will challenge this shifting international division of labor known as the "flying geese" paradigm. Greenfield foreign direct investment decisions constitute a forward-looking indicator of where production is expected, rather than trade flows that reflect past investment decisions. Exploiting differences across countries and industries, the intensity of robot use in high-income countries has a positive impact on foreign direct investment growth from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries over 2004-15. Past a threshold, however, increased robotization in high-income countries has a negative impact on foreign direct investment growth. Only 3 percent of the sample exceeds the threshold level beyond which further automation results in negative foreign direct investment growth and is consistent with re-shoring. For another 25 percent of the sample, the impact of robotization on the growth of foreign direct investment is positive, but at a rate that is declining. So, although these are early warning signs, automation in high-income countries has resulted in growing foreign direct investment for more than two-thirds of the sample under consideration. Some geese may be slowing, but for now, most continue to fly

     
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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9097
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Automation; robots; foreign direct investment; global value chains; flying geese paradigm
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Public policy reforms to further improve Portuguese export performance
    Author: Westmore, Ben; Adamczyk, Paula
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  OECD, Paris, France

    Portugal’s export performance over the past decade has been impressive, helping to reduce external imbalances. This partly owed to a sequence of structural reforms that benefited the productivity of the export sector and led to an increase in its... more

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    Portugal’s export performance over the past decade has been impressive, helping to reduce external imbalances. This partly owed to a sequence of structural reforms that benefited the productivity of the export sector and led to an increase in its size. Nonetheless, exports as a share of GDP and the stock of foreign direct investment remain below that of other comparable small European economies. Further shifting the orientation of the economy to the external sector is vital for Portugal given the strong link between trade openness and GDP per capita. To do this, policymakers must ensure that policy settings incentivise exporting firms to expand and improve their competitiveness, both through lower price and improved quality. For example, regulatory barriers that reduce competition in professional services should be lowered to improve the cost and quality of intermediate inputs. Increasing the efficiency of domestic infrastructure is also key, especially through competition-enhancing reforms to the port sector. To further differentiate and improve Portuguese export products, skills in the business sector need to be enhanced through better-targeted lifelong learning opportunities. At the same time, there is a need to focus innovation policies on raising the participation of small and medium enterprises in innovative activities.

     
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    Series: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1556
    Subjects: Economics; Portugal; export performance; foreign direct investment; competitiveness; regulatory reforms; infrastructure; lifelong learning; innovation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. A tentative exploration of the effects of Brexit on foreign direct investment vis-à-vis the United Kingdom
    Author: Almeida, Ana Margarida de; Sastre, Teresa; Limbergen, Duncan van; Hoeberichts, Marco
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Format: Online
    Series: Documentos ocasionales / Banco de España ; no. 1913
    Subjects: foreign direct investment; FDI; Brexit; EU membership; single currency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Linkages and spillover effects of South African foreign direct investment in Botswana and Kenya
    Author: Nandonde, Felix Adamu; Adu-Gyamfi, Richard; Mmusi, TinayeSonto; Wamalwa, Herbert; Asongu, Simplice; Opperman, Johannes Pieter; Makindara, Jeremiah R.
    Published: July 2019
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    In recent decades, the impact of South African foreign direct investment in Africa has been captured by research and policy. This paper investigates linkages and spillover effects of South African foreign direct investment in Botswana and Kenya. The... more

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    In recent decades, the impact of South African foreign direct investment in Africa has been captured by research and policy. This paper investigates linkages and spillover effects of South African foreign direct investment in Botswana and Kenya. The study uses primary data to investigate qualitative implications. The findings reveal that South African firms operate in sectors including retail, food-processing, and information and communication technology. Linkages forged in these sectors include supply, employee, joint venture, service, and institutional nexuses. Supply and service linkages create observable spillovers which point to the fact that younger local firms tend to benefit from South African firms in terms of technology transfer and training opportunities. Host country policymakers are therefore encouraged to provide favourable incentives for foreign direct investment to promote entrepreneurship. Other policy implications are also discussed.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292566876
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    hdl: 10419/211288
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2019, 53
    Subjects: Botswana; foreign direct investment; Kenya; linkages; South Africa; spillover effects
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten)
  25. Trade, foreign direct investment, and pollution abatement
    Author: Sharma, Shruti
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    This paper analyzes the impact of tariff liberalization and foreign direct investment on pollution from a plant-level perspective. It considers how globalization impacts plant-level investment in pollution abatement expenditure. Popular hypotheses on... more

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    This paper analyzes the impact of tariff liberalization and foreign direct investment on pollution from a plant-level perspective. It considers how globalization impacts plant-level investment in pollution abatement expenditure. Popular hypotheses on trade and pollution cite the pollution haven effect - that trade leads to a worsening of environmental conditions in developing countries. By analyzing the differential impact of input and output tariff liberalization, however, this paper finds that input tariff liberalization actually induces plants to invest more in pollution abatement equipment. Further, it finds that an increase in competition through output tariff liberalization does not in fact lead to a decline in spending on pollution control equipment in order to cut costs, as some theories might suggest. Further, it also finds a positive impact of increased inflows of foreign direct investment on spending in pollution control equipment, arguably through access to cleaner foreign technology. These effects are mainly driven by states that are newly emerging as the main attractions for foreign direct investment.

     
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    hdl: 10419/222770
    Series: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1003 (September 2019)
    Subjects: pollution control capital; input tariffs; foreign direct investment; plant heterogeneity; India
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen