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Displaying results 1 to 23 of 23.

  1. Attracting private solutions and participation in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
    findings from a survey of investors and financiers
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Energy and Extractives Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    This paper develops a classification of investor risks and surveys 51 private investors and financiers in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper aims for a better understanding of what can be done to attract private solutions to fill the... more

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    This paper develops a classification of investor risks and surveys 51 private investors and financiers in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper aims for a better understanding of what can be done to attract private solutions to fill the investment gap. It finds that the average investor assigns more weight to power sector policy and regulatory framework risks than to the wider sector and country context risks. And, despite many challenges, investors perceive three segments as ready for private solutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: power generation, off-grid electrification, and mini-grids. Investors see lower readiness in distribution, transmission, and retail. The paper finds that the average investor is forward-looking, as neither the track record of the power sector nor the firm's personal track record is as important as the growth potential in the market. The paper uses the findings to reality-check data-based measures of regulatory readiness, namely the Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy and Power Sector Reform Index and analyzes which elements correlate best with investor sentiment to optimize and streamline these indexes accordingly. The results provide important lessons for governments and development partners to devise appropriate de-risking instruments tailored to the risks that matter most to investors

     

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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9299
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Private investment; investment risks; electricity; financial viability; developing countries; emerging markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Realist Ecstasy
    Religion, Race, and Performance in American Literature
    Published: [2020]; ©2020
    Publisher:  New York University Press, New York, NY ; Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin

    Explores the intersection and history of American literary realism and the performance of spiritual and racial embodiment. Recovering a series of ecstatic performances in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American realism, Realist Ecstasy... more

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    Explores the intersection and history of American literary realism and the performance of spiritual and racial embodiment. Recovering a series of ecstatic performances in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American realism, Realist Ecstasy travels from camp meetings to Native American ghost dances to storefront church revivals to explore realism’s relationship to spiritual experience. In her approach to realism as both an unruly archive of performance and a wide-ranging repertoire of media practices—including literature, photography, audio recording, and early film—Lindsay V. Reckson argues that the real was repetitively enacted and reenacted through bodily practice. Realist Ecstasy demonstrates how the realist imagining of possessed bodies helped construct and naturalize racial difference, while excavating the complex, shifting, and dynamic possibilities embedded in ecstatic performance: its production of new and immanent forms of being beside. Across her readings of Stephen Crane, James Weldon Johnson, and Nella Larsen, among others, Reckson triangulates secularism, realism, and racial formation in the post-Reconstruction moment. Realist Ecstasy shows how post-Reconstruction realist texts mobilized gestures—especially the gestures associated with religious ecstasy—to racialize secularism itself. Reckson offers us a distinctly new vision of American realism as a performative practice, a sustained account of how performance lives in and through literary archives, and a rich sense of how closely secularization and racialization were linked in Jim Crow America.

     

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  3. Vietnam's development success story and the unfinished SDG agenda
    Author: Baum, Anja
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Despite starting as one of the poorest countries in the mid-1980s, Vietnam has achieved rapid developmental progress, reaching lower middle-income status in 2010. In line with rapid economic growth, Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards... more

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    Despite starting as one of the poorest countries in the mid-1980s, Vietnam has achieved rapid developmental progress, reaching lower middle-income status in 2010. In line with rapid economic growth, Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during this time. This paper sheds light on some elements of Vietnam's success story, highlighting crucial policies in education and electricity sectors. It undertakes a forward-looking costing exercise that focusses on five sectors - education, health, roads, water, and electricity infrastructure. Achieving the remaining SDGs in Vietnam will be a challenge, with total annual additional spending needs in the 5 subsectors estimated at 7 percent of GDP by 2030

     

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  4. Storing power: market structure matters
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  University of Cambridge, Faculty of Economics, Cambridge

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Cambridge working paper in economics ; 20122
    EPRG working paper ; 2038
    Subjects: Storage; electricity; market structure; investment; vertical relations
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Electricity market integration, decarbonisation and security of supply
    dynamic volatility connectedness in the Irish and Great Britain markets
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg

    This study investigates the volatility connectedness between the Irish and Great Britain electricity markets and how it is driven by changes in energy policy, institutional structures and political ideologies. We assess various aspects of this... more

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    This study investigates the volatility connectedness between the Irish and Great Britain electricity markets and how it is driven by changes in energy policy, institutional structures and political ideologies. We assess various aspects of this volatility connectedness including static (unconditional) vs dynamic (conditional), symmetric vs asymmetric characteristics between 2009 and 2018. We find that volatility connectedness is time varying and is significantly affected by important events, policy reforms or market redesigns such as Brexit, oil price slump, increasing share of renewables, and fluctuations in the exchange rates. Our asymmetric analysis shows that the magnitude of the good volatility connectedness is marginally larger than that of the bad volatility connectedness. Our result suggests that good volatility levels would be even higher once the Irish market adopts the carbon price floor. Therefore, supporting renewable generation by setting an appropriate carbon price in interconnected wholesale electricity markets will improve market integration.

     

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    Series: Working paper / Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School ; 2020, 3
    CSEI working paper ; 2020, 03
    Subjects: Market integration; electricity; renewable; energy policy; volatility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Energy demand management and social norms
    the case study in Poland
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  University of Warsaw, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw

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    Series: Working papers / Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw ; no. 2020, 25 = 331
    Subjects: choice experiment; demand-side management; electricity; social norms; willingness to accept
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Power to the fiscal?
    an exploration of the use of credit ratings to estimate the expected cost of a guarantee of a power-purchase agreement
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    Ministries of finance are often asked to guarantee a state-owned electricity utility's payments to an independent power producer under a power-purchase agreement. To decide whether to grant the guarantee, the ministry should have at least a rough... more

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    Ministries of finance are often asked to guarantee a state-owned electricity utility's payments to an independent power producer under a power-purchase agreement. To decide whether to grant the guarantee, the ministry should have at least a rough estimate of the guarantee's expected cost. Making use of an analogy between a power-purchase agreement and a debt contract, this paper shows how the ministry can get such an estimate by applying a method developed to estimate the expected cost of debt guarantees. An estimate of the probability of the utility's not being able to meet its obligations under the power-purchase agreement can be derived from the utility's actual or estimated credit rating in the absence of government support. The government's expected payments under the guarantee can then be estimated by multiplying the utility's payments under the power-purchase agreement by this probability. The estimates produced by the method will be imprecise, but the method may be easier to apply than alternative methods, and an imprecise estimate may be better for policy makers than no estimate

     

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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9271
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: guarantee; power-purchase agreement; independent power producer; electricity; fiscal risk
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Energy infrastructure for decarbonizing other energy sectors through renewable electricity - a spatio-temporal analysis from useful energy demand to renewable energy supply of sector coupling pathways based on the German case
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    While progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions is notable in the power sector, other sectors such as transportation and often heating are lagging behind. A strategy to propagate greenhouse gas emission reductions from the power sector to other... more

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    While progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions is notable in the power sector, other sectors such as transportation and often heating are lagging behind. A strategy to propagate greenhouse gas emission reductions from the power sector to other sectors is so-called "sector coupling." Against this backdrop, we ask the following two questions: (1) To what extent does demand for (useful and final) energy match the supply of renewable energy sources in the dimensions of time and space? (2) What impacts of sector coupling pathways on future infrastructure requirements can be derived from applying spatiotemporal analyses? For our analyses, we assume a scenario with 95% greenhouse gas emission reductions for Germany as a case study as targeted by the government for 2050. We choose a consumer-driven approach, analyzing the energy value chain backwards from consumption to supply for the different sector coupling technologies. From useful energy consumption, we derive final energy demand patterns in high temporal and regional resolution and evaluate implications for different strategies of renewable energy expansion. The key contributions of our study are twofold: First, we introduce a generalizable and transferable consumer-driven analysis in high temporal and regional resolution for energy systems with high degrees of sector coupling and derive implications for the energy infrastructure. Second, we provide policy recommendations from our results regarding effective and efficient strategies for the integration of renewable energy sources into present energy systems.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 10419/238554
    Series: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1197 (October 2020)
    Subjects: sector coupling; renewables; electricity; heating; transportation; infrastructure; energy policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. How does climate change affect the transition of power systems
    the case of Germany
    Published: October 2020
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The effects of extreme weather events, such as heat waves and droughts, are taken into account in both global and European policies. Accordingly, the protection of critical infrastructures and in particular, the resilience of the energy sector was... more

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    The effects of extreme weather events, such as heat waves and droughts, are taken into account in both global and European policies. Accordingly, the protection of critical infrastructures and in particular, the resilience of the energy sector was the subject of intense research. There are regional differences in the degree to which extreme events affect the energy sector. In Northern Europe, their intensity has increased dramatically within a decade. In our analysis, we identify emerging risks of extreme weather events, in particular, droughts and high temperatures, for the German power sector. Our analysis is based on extensive datasets comprising temperature and drought data for the last 40 years. We find evidence of a higher frequency of power plants outages as a consequence of droughts and high temperatures. We investigate increases in the wholesale electricity price and price volatility and develop a capacity-adjusted drought index. The results are used to assess the monetary loss of power plant outages due to heat waves and droughts. We stress that increasing frequencies of such extreme weather events will aggravate the observed problem, especially with respect to the transition of the power sector.

     

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    hdl: 10419/226315
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 8613 (2020)
    Subjects: electricity; utilities; thermal generation; climate change; droughts; weather extremes
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Fuel for the future
    more molecules or deep electrification of Belgium's energy system by 2050
    Published: October 2020
    Publisher:  Federal Planning Bureau, Brussels

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    Series: Working paper / Federal Planning Bureau ; 20, 4
    Subjects: electricity; electricity demand; hydrogen; renewable energy sources; long-term energy projections; energy modelling; energy transition
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. A stakeholder analysis of investments for wind power electricity generation in Ontario
    Published: 10-2020
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    This study uses an ex-post evaluation of the grid-connected wind projects in Ontario, Canada, to quantify the stakeholder impacts of such renewable energy projects. Our study includes a financial, economic and stakeholder analysis of these wind... more

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    This study uses an ex-post evaluation of the grid-connected wind projects in Ontario, Canada, to quantify the stakeholder impacts of such renewable energy projects. Our study includes a financial, economic and stakeholder analysis of these wind farms. The analysis sheds light on the distributional impacts that arise when there is a significant gap between the incentives created by the financial price paid for electricity generation and the economic value of the electricity generated. The analysis shows that the negotiated power purchase agreements (PPAs) have resulted in a negative outcome for the economy in all circumstances. It is found that the present value of the economic costs is at least three times the present value of the economic benefits, including the global benefits from the reduced CO2 emissions. This loss is borne by all the stakeholders of the electricity system, except the private owners of the wind farms. The losers are primarily the electricity consumers followed by the governments. The Ontario Electricity Rebate (OER) programme, which is financed by increased government borrowing, has the effect of transferring a large share of the costs incurred to promote investments in wind power to future generations of taxpayers in Ontario.

     

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    hdl: 10419/230595
    Series: Queen's Economics Department working paper ; no. 1442
    Subjects: economic analysis; electricity; Ontario; wind power
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The effects of wind power on electricity markets
    an evaluation using the Swedish electricity market data
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

    We investigate the process of electricity price formation in the Swedish intraday market, given a large share of wind power in the Swedish electricity system. According to Karanfil and Li’s (2017) approach, if the intraday market is efficient and... more

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    We investigate the process of electricity price formation in the Swedish intraday market, given a large share of wind power in the Swedish electricity system. According to Karanfil and Li’s (2017) approach, if the intraday market is efficient and liquid, with large shares of intermittent electricity in the entire electricity system, the intraday price should send signals based on scarcity pricing for balancing power. Based on this theory, we analyze the Swedish electricity market data for the period 2015–2018 and find that the Swedish intraday market, despite its small trading volumes, is functioning properly. In particular, our results show that intraday price premia respond in an expected way to wind power forecast errors and other imbalances resulting from either supply or demand sides of the electricity market. The results of wind power forecast errors hold for central and southern Sweden, but not for northern Sweden where the share of wind power production is still very small. In addition, we find no effect of unplanned nuclear power plant outages on intraday price premia

     

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    Series: CERE working paper ; 2020, 12
    Subjects: day-ahead market; electricity; forecast errors; intraday market; Sweden; wind power
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Nonlinear mixed effects models for time series forecasting of smart meter demand
    Published: November 2020
    Publisher:  Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, [Victoria, Australia]

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    Series: Working paper / Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics ; 20, 41
    Subjects: time series forecasting; mixed-effects models; smart meters; energy; electricity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Electricity market integration, decarbonisation and security of supply
    dynamic volatility connectedness in the Irish and Great Britain markets
    Published: 3 February 2020
    Publisher:  University of Cambridge, Faculty of Economics, Cambridge

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    Series: Cambridge working paper in economics ; 202007
    EPRG working paper ; 2003
    Subjects: Market integration; electricity; renewable; energy policy; volatility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Electricity market integration, decarbonisation and security of supply
    dynamic volatility connectedness in the Irish and Great Britain markets
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Australian National University, Crawford School of Public Policy, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, [Canberra]

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    Series: CAMA working paper ; 2020, 42 (April 2020)
    Subjects: Market integration; electricity; renewable; energy policy; volatility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. EU agencies in banking and energy between institutional and policy centralisation
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe, Frankfurt am Main

    This working paper suggests to analyse agencification as a double process of institutional and policy centralisation. To that end, it develops a categorisation of agencies that incorporates these two dimensions. More specifically, it is argued that... more

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    This working paper suggests to analyse agencification as a double process of institutional and policy centralisation. To that end, it develops a categorisation of agencies that incorporates these two dimensions. More specifically, it is argued that mixed outcomes where the levels of institutional and policy centralisation diverge can be expected to be the rule rather than the exception, in line with the hybrid nature of EU agencies as inbetweeners. Moreover, the fiduciary setting hits important legal constraints given the limits to delegation in the EU context. Against this backdrop a process whereby institutional centralisation develops incrementally and remains limited, yet is accompanied by a process of substantial policy centralisation, appears as the most promising path for EU agencification. A fiduciary setting, where a strong agency enjoys a high degree of independence and operates in a centralised policy space, by contrast, should be the exception. The comparative study of the process of agencification in the energy and banking sector is insightful in the light of these expectations. The incremental nature of institutional change in energy exemplifies the usual path of agencification, which is conducive to a weak agency operating in a relatively centralised policy space. Agencification in banking, by contrast, has led to a rather unusual outcome where the strong agency model combines with a fragmented policy context.

     

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    Series: SAFE working paper ; no. 278
    Subjects: agency; banking; centralisation; energy; fiduciary; electricity; policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten), Diagramme
    Notes:

    Gesehen am 03.07.2020

  17. Ownership in the electricity market property, the firm, and the climate crisis
    Published: April 2020
    Publisher:  Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies, Cologne, Germany

    Electricity is a key area in climate mitigation. The sector needs to significantly expand while transitioning to renewable production, all in an extremely short timeframe. This paper focuses on ownership and control in the electricity sector in an... more

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    Electricity is a key area in climate mitigation. The sector needs to significantly expand while transitioning to renewable production, all in an extremely short timeframe. This paper focuses on ownership and control in the electricity sector in an era of climate change. Borrowing substantially from classical American Institutionalism, heterodox theories and histories of the firm, and legal institutionalism, this paper discusses the historically constituted nature of the categories of property, capital, and the firm and how these literatures provide helpful frameworks for analyzing the recent history and possible futures of electricity sectors. A short discussion of the recent history of the German electricity sector, particularly the large utility RWE, will briefly illustrate the approach. Demands of warming mitigation will require revised notions of ownership and an updated theory of the firm, property, and corporate governance for the Anthropocene. Elektrizität ist ein zentraler Faktor für den Klimaschutz: Der Sektor muss innerhalb kürzester Zeit stark expandieren und gleichzeitig den Übergang zur Erzeugung erneuerbarer Energie bewältigen. Das Papier geht der Frage auf den Grund, welche inhaltliche Bedeutung der Eigentümerschaft und der Kontrolle im Stromsektor in Zeiten des Klimawandels zukommt. Es diskutiert die historisch gewachsenen Bedeutungen der rechtlichen Kategorien Eigentum, Kapital und Unternehmen. Dabei stützt es sich auf die Klassiker des Amerikanischen Institutionalismus, heterodoxe Unternehmenstheorien und Ansätze der Unternehmensgeschichte sowie den rechtlichen Institutionalismus. Es legt dar, wie diese Literatur die Schaffung konstruktiver Analyserahmen ermöglicht, um die jüngere Vergangenheit und künftige Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten der Stromsektoren zu untersuchen. Eine kurze Beschreibung der jüngeren Geschichte des deutschen Elektrizitätssektors und insbesondere des großen Energieversorgers RWE veranschaulicht den Ansatz. Der Klimaschutz wird eine Revision des Begriffs der Eigentümerschaft ebenso notwendig machen wie eine dem Anthropozän gemäße Überarbeitung der Unternehmenstheorie sowie der Governance des Eigentums und der Corporate Governance.

     

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    Language: English; German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 21.11116/0000-0006-54AF-7
    hdl: 10419/218727
    RVK Categories: QR 600
    Series: MPIfG discussion paper ; 20/5
    Subjects: Anthropocene; electricity; energy transitions; property theory of the firm; Anthropozän; Elektrizität; Energiewenden; Unternehmenstheorie
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (IV, 34 Seiten), Diagramme
    Notes:

    Gesehen am 29.05.2020

    Haupttext englisch, Zusammenfassung in Englisch und Deutsch

  18. Sectoral electricity demand and direct rebound effect in New Zealand
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg

    This paper is one of the limited studies to investigate rebound effects in sectoral electricity consumption and the specific case of New Zealand. New Zealand, like other OECD economies, has aimed for energy efficiency improvements and reduced... more

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    This paper is one of the limited studies to investigate rebound effects in sectoral electricity consumption and the specific case of New Zealand. New Zealand, like other OECD economies, has aimed for energy efficiency improvements and reduced electricity consumption from 9.2 MWh per capita in 2010 to 8.6 MWh per capita in 2015. However, following a significant decline since 2010, electricity consumption in the main New Zealand sectors is increasing. Energy conservation could play an important role in meeting the growing demand for electricity but rebound effect can affect the effectiveness of conservation policies. We decompose the sectoral electricity prices to capture the asymmetric demand response to electricity price changes and estimate electricity demand elasticity during 1980 and 2015 to estimate the sectoral rebound effects. We find partial rebound effects of 54% and 23% in the industrial and commercial sector respectively while we find no partial rebound effect at aggregate sectoral level. The rebound effect is insignificant in the residential sector. These findings lead to policy recommendations for more sector specific energy conservation measures and policies.

     

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    hdl: 10398/9814
    hdl: 10419/222889
    Series: Working paper / Department of Economics, Copenhagen Business School ; 2020, 9
    CSEI working paper ; 2020, 09
    Subjects: electricity; demand; rebound; heating; time series analysis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Real-time electricity pricing to balance green energy intermittency
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Toulouse School of Economics, [Toulouse]

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    Series: Working papers / Toulouse School of Economics ; no 1087 (20)
    Subjects: electricity; intermittency; renewable dynamic pricing; demand response; smart meters
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  20. Blacking out
    Published: April 2020
    Publisher:  Universität Basel, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Basel, Switzerland

    The partial shutdown of the economy following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of measurements of economic activity that are available with a short lag and at high frequency. The consumption of electricity is a candidate... more

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    The partial shutdown of the economy following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of measurements of economic activity that are available with a short lag and at high frequency. The consumption of electricity is a candidate for such a proxy.

     

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    Series: WWZ working paper ; 2020, 07
    Subjects: COVID-19; electricity; seasonal adjustment; weather data
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  21. Attracting private solutions and participation in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
    findings from a survey of investors and financiers
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Energy and Extractives Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    This paper develops a classification of investor risks and surveys 51 private investors and financiers in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper aims for a better understanding of what can be done to attract private solutions to fill the... more

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    This paper develops a classification of investor risks and surveys 51 private investors and financiers in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper aims for a better understanding of what can be done to attract private solutions to fill the investment gap. It finds that the average investor assigns more weight to power sector policy and regulatory framework risks than to the wider sector and country context risks. And, despite many challenges, investors perceive three segments as ready for private solutions in Sub-Saharan Africa: power generation, off-grid electrification, and mini-grids. Investors see lower readiness in distribution, transmission, and retail. The paper finds that the average investor is forward-looking, as neither the track record of the power sector nor the firm's personal track record is as important as the growth potential in the market. The paper uses the findings to reality-check data-based measures of regulatory readiness, namely the Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy and Power Sector Reform Index and analyzes which elements correlate best with investor sentiment to optimize and streamline these indexes accordingly. The results provide important lessons for governments and development partners to devise appropriate de-risking instruments tailored to the risks that matter most to investors

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9299
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Private investment; investment risks; electricity; financial viability; developing countries; emerging markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Vietnam's development success story and the unfinished SDG agenda
    Author: Baum, Anja
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Despite starting as one of the poorest countries in the mid-1980s, Vietnam has achieved rapid developmental progress, reaching lower middle-income status in 2010. In line with rapid economic growth, Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards... more

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    Despite starting as one of the poorest countries in the mid-1980s, Vietnam has achieved rapid developmental progress, reaching lower middle-income status in 2010. In line with rapid economic growth, Vietnam has achieved impressive progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) during this time. This paper sheds light on some elements of Vietnam's success story, highlighting crucial policies in education and electricity sectors. It undertakes a forward-looking costing exercise that focusses on five sectors - education, health, roads, water, and electricity infrastructure. Achieving the remaining SDGs in Vietnam will be a challenge, with total annual additional spending needs in the 5 subsectors estimated at 7 percent of GDP by 2030

     

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  23. Power to the fiscal?
    an exploration of the use of credit ratings to estimate the expected cost of a guarantee of a power-purchase agreement
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice, [Washington, DC, USA]

    Ministries of finance are often asked to guarantee a state-owned electricity utility's payments to an independent power producer under a power-purchase agreement. To decide whether to grant the guarantee, the ministry should have at least a rough... more

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    Ministries of finance are often asked to guarantee a state-owned electricity utility's payments to an independent power producer under a power-purchase agreement. To decide whether to grant the guarantee, the ministry should have at least a rough estimate of the guarantee's expected cost. Making use of an analogy between a power-purchase agreement and a debt contract, this paper shows how the ministry can get such an estimate by applying a method developed to estimate the expected cost of debt guarantees. An estimate of the probability of the utility's not being able to meet its obligations under the power-purchase agreement can be derived from the utility's actual or estimated credit rating in the absence of government support. The government's expected payments under the guarantee can then be estimated by multiplying the utility's payments under the power-purchase agreement by this probability. The estimates produced by the method will be imprecise, but the method may be easier to apply than alternative methods, and an imprecise estimate may be better for policy makers than no estimate

     

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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9271
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: guarantee; power-purchase agreement; independent power producer; electricity; fiscal risk
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen