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Displaying results 26 to 38 of 38.

  1. Generations and protest in Eastern Germany
    between revolution and apathy
    Author: Joly, Philippe
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  ZBW, [Kiel

    How is the protest behavior of citizens in new democracies influenced by their experience of the past? Certain theories of political socialization hold that cohorts reaching political maturity under dictatorship are subject to apathy. Yet, it remains... more

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    How is the protest behavior of citizens in new democracies influenced by their experience of the past? Certain theories of political socialization hold that cohorts reaching political maturity under dictatorship are subject to apathy. Yet, it remains unclear whether mobilization during the transition can counterbalance this effect. This article examines the protest behavior of citizens socialized in Eastern Germany, a region marked by two legacies: a legacy of autocracy and, following the 1989-90 revolution, a legacy of transitional mobilization. Using age-period-cohort models with data from the European Social Survey, the analysis assesses the evolution of gaps in protest across generations and time between East and West Germans. The results demonstrate that participation in demonstrations, petitions, and boycotts is lower for East Germans socialized under communism in comparison with West Germans from the same cohorts. This participation deficit remains stable over time and even increases for certain protest activities.

     
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    46
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191541
    Parent title: Sonderdruck aus: Comparative sociology; Leiden : Brill, 2002-; Band 17 (2018) Ausgabe 6, 704-737
    Subjects: political participation; protest; political socialization; democratization; Eastern Germany
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Utilising the judiciary to reject the popular will?
    legal mobilization after the Arab uprising in Kuwait
    Author: Ishiguro, Hirotake
    Published: March 2017
    Publisher:  Institute of Developing Economies (IDE)1, Chiba

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    VS 135 (653)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2344/00048859
    Series: IDE discussion paper ; no. 653
    Subjects: legal mobilization; judicialization of politics; democratization; Kuwait
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten)
  3. Managing, inducing, and preventing regime shifts
    a review of the literature
    Author: Long, Ngo Van
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    How do economic agents manage expected shifts in regimes? How do they try to influence or prevent the arrival of such shifts? This paper provides a selective survey of the analysis of regime shifts from an economic view point, with particular... more

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    How do economic agents manage expected shifts in regimes? How do they try to influence or prevent the arrival of such shifts? This paper provides a selective survey of the analysis of regime shifts from an economic view point, with particular emphasis on the use of the techniques of optimal control theory and differential games. The paper is organized as follows. Section 2 gives an overview of the concepts of regime shifts, thresholds, and tipping points. Section 3 shows how unknown tipping points affect the optimal current policy of decision makers, with or without ambiguity aversion. Section 4.s focus is on political regime shifts in a two-class economy: how the elite may try to prevent revolution by using policy instruments such as repression, redistribution, and gradual democratization. Section 5 reviews models of dynamic games in resource exploitation involving regime shifts and thresholds. Section 6 reviews some studies of regime shifts in industrial organization theory, with focus on R&D races, including efforts to sabotage rivals in order to prevent entry. Section 7 reviews games of regime shifts when players can manage a Big Push. Section 8 discusses some directions for future research.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/201975
    Series: Array ; no. 7749 (July 2019)
    Subjects: regime shifts; thresholds; tipping points; political repression; democratization
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten)
  4. Le système d’enseignement algérien, entre passé et présent
    Author: Kadri, Aïssa
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  CIRIEC International, Université de Liège, Liège (Belgium)

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: French
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 11159/2970
    Series: Working paper / CIRIEC ; no. 2018, 11
    Subjects: school; socialization; schooling; values; colonial elites; reformists; reforms; arabization; languages of instruction; massification; democratization; religion at school; training; public policy on education
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)
  5. Uncertainty, informational spillovers and policy reform
    a gravity model approach
    Author: Fidrmuc, Jan; Karaja, Elira
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  CEDI, Uxbridge

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / CEDI ; 13,04
    Subjects: economic reform; democratization; transition; institutions; uncertainty; spillovers
    Scope: Online-Ressource (22 S.)
  6. The democratization of rent seeking in Greece
    Author: Moutos, Thomas; Pechlibanos, Lampros
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  CESifo, München

    We describe the evolution of the power struggle in Greece among key economic and political stakeholders, who have tried, via strategic positioning and rent-seeking activities, to influence economic policy outcomes during the postwar decades. We split... more

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    We describe the evolution of the power struggle in Greece among key economic and political stakeholders, who have tried, via strategic positioning and rent-seeking activities, to influence economic policy outcomes during the postwar decades. We split the postwar decades in three periods: the catching-up period, the overt populism period of 1973-1993, and the 1993-2008 of stealth populism. In each period, we identify the important players to see how they managed to forge a sustainable wining coalition, and to understand how they shaped policies. The three periods vary substantially in terms of the inherent degree of economic inefficiency they brought about; the first one was characterized by a concentration of rent-seeking mainly among the economic and political elite, whereas the middle period exemplifies the "democratization" of rent-seeking. The middle periodś proliferation of rent seeking received some legitimacy by large segments of the population due to widespread, and often ideological, perceptions of long-lasting unfairness in the distribution of economic and political power. The covert populism of the last period used an unsustainable expansion of foreign borrowing to allow for an intensification of rent seeking while providing a semblance of fiscal rectitude.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/79646
    RVK Categories: QB 910
    Series: Array ; 4331
    Subjects: rent seeking; democratization; populism; political economy; power struggle; history; Greece
    Scope: Online-Ressource (25 S.), graph. Darst.
  7. Contingent democrats in action
    organized labor and regime change in the Republic of Niger
    Author: Elischer, Sebastian
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Giga German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Hamburg

    The effects of organized labor on regime change in developing countries are not clear‐cut. Optimists argue that union agitation is conducive to both democratic transition and consolidation processes. Pessimists hold that unions will support any... more

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    German Institute for Global and Area Studies, Bibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    The effects of organized labor on regime change in developing countries are not clear‐cut. Optimists argue that union agitation is conducive to both democratic transition and consolidation processes. Pessimists hold that unions will support any regime that is conducive to their demands. Accordingly, unions may support regime transitions; however, once their economic interests are under threat, they will jeopardize the subsequent consolidation process. Systematic studies on the effects of organized labor on regime change in sub-Saharan Africa are sparse and largely confined to the (pre)transition phase. This article examines the role of organized labor in Niger between 1990 and 2010. Given the high number of regime breakdowns during the period, a longitudinal study of Nigerien labor enables a critical examination of motives and actions of organized labor toward different regime types. In contrast to other recent findings on African unionism, the article confirms the pessimistic view.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/78108
    Series: GIGA Working Papers ; No. 231
    Array
    Subjects: Arbeiterbewegung; Gewerkschaft; Bedeutung; Rolle; Systemtransformation; Machtwechsel; Regierungswechsel; Demokratisierung; Politisches System; Politisches Verhalten; Sozialverhalten; Politik; Geschichte; Personenvereinigung; Staat; political science; democratization; sub-Saharan Africa; trade unions; Niger; civil society; francophone Africa
    Scope: Online Ressource (24 S.)
  8. Informal interference in the judiciary in new democracies
    a comparison of six African and Latin American cases
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  GIGA, Hamburg

    This paper assesses the extent to which elected power holders informally intervene in the judiciaries of new democracies, an acknowledged but under-researched topic in studies of judicial politics. The paper first develops an empirical strategy for... more

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    This paper assesses the extent to which elected power holders informally intervene in the judiciaries of new democracies, an acknowledged but under-researched topic in studies of judicial politics. The paper first develops an empirical strategy for the study of informal interference based on perceptions recorded in interviews, then applies the strategy to six third-wave democracies, three in Africa (Benin, Madagascar and Senegal) and three in Latin America (Argentina, Chile and Paraguay). It also examines how three conditioning factors affect the level of informal judicial interference: formal rules, previous democratic experience, and socioeconomic development. Our results show that countries with better performance in all these conditioning factors exhibit less informal interference than countries with poorer or mixed performance. The results stress the importance of systematically including informal politics in the study of judicial politics.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96497
    Series: GIGA working papers ; 245
    Subjects: judicial politics; constitutional court; supreme court; Latin America; Francophone Africa; democratization; separation of powers; informal politics
    Scope: Online-Ressource (25 S.), graph. Darst.
  9. A democratic rentier state?
    taxation, aid dependency, and political representation in Benin
    Author: Piccolino, Giulia
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  GIGA, Hamburg

    Drawing on the history of statebuilding in Western Europe, fiscal sociology has proposed the existence of a mutually reinforcing effect between the emergence of representative government and effective taxation. This paper looks at the case of Benin,... more

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    Drawing on the history of statebuilding in Western Europe, fiscal sociology has proposed the existence of a mutually reinforcing effect between the emergence of representative government and effective taxation. This paper looks at the case of Benin, a low-income West African country that underwent a fairly successful democratization process in the early 1990s. It finds, in contrast to previous studies that have emphasized dependency on aid rents, that Benin appears to have reinforced its extractive capacities since democratization. However, the effect of democratization has been largely indirect, while other factors, such as the influence of the International financial Institutions (IFIs) and the size of the country's informal sector, have played a more direct role in encouraging or inhibiting tax extraction. Nevertheless, the hypothesis that effective taxation depends on a quasiconsensual relationship between government and taxpayers finds some confirmation in the Beninese case.

     
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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/100693
    Series: GIGA working papers ; 253
    Subjects: Benin; taxation; rentier state; fiscal sociology; statebuilding; democracy; democratization
    Scope: Online-Ressource (26 S.)
  10. Does the African middle class defend democracy?
    evidence from Kenya
    Author: Cheeseman, Nic
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  WIDER, Helsinki

    Barrington Moore's famous line 'no bourgeoisie, no democracy' is one of the most quoted claims in political science. But has the rise of the African middle class promoted democratic consolidation? This paper uses the case of Kenya to investigate the... more

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    Barrington Moore's famous line 'no bourgeoisie, no democracy' is one of the most quoted claims in political science. But has the rise of the African middle class promoted democratic consolidation? This paper uses the case of Kenya to investigate the attitudes and behaviours of the middle class. Analysis of Afrobarometer survey data reveals that the middle class is more likely to support the opposition and hold pro-democratic attitudes. This suggests Moore's claim holds, at least for some African countries, and that contemporary demographic changes will improve the prospects for democratic consolidation. However, qualitative evidence from the Kenyan 2013 general election raises important questions about the resilience of these attitudes. The middle class may be more inclined to democratic attitudes than their less well-off counterparts, but class continues to intersect with ethnicity and its political salience is likely to wax and wane as a result.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/102988
    Series: Working paper / World Institute for Development Economics Research ; 2014/096
    Subjects: middle class; democracy; elections; democratization; Kenya; Africa
    Scope: Online-Ressource (16 S.)
  11. The impact of democracy on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa, 1982 - 2012
    Author: Masaki, Takaaki; Van de Walle, Nicolas
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  WIDER, Helsinki

    Does democracy promote economic growth? There is still an ongoing debate over the economic implications of democracy, and this question has gained critical importance particularly in the African context, where a wave of democratization in the early... more

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    Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches öffentliches Recht und Völkerrecht, Bibliothek
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    Does democracy promote economic growth? There is still an ongoing debate over the economic implications of democracy, and this question has gained critical importance particularly in the African context, where a wave of democratization in the early 1990s coincided with the start of a new era of rapid economic growth. In this paper, we revisit this important topic and argue that the existing literature is inadequate in distinguishing the effects of regime transitions and democratic consolidation on economic growth. Through the analysis of the latest economic and political data, which include up to 43 countries in sub-Saharan Africa for the period of 1982-2012, we find strong evidence that democracy is positively associated with economic growth, and that this ‘democratic advantage’ is more pronounced for those African countries that have remained democratic for longer periods of time. Our findings call for more nuanced studies that carefully distinguish potentially divergent effects of regime transitions and democratic consolidation on economic growth.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96313
    Series: Working paper / World Institute for Development Economics Research ; 2014/057
    Subjects: economic growth; democracy; democratization
    Scope: Online-Ressource (14 S.)
    Notes:

    Gesehen am 11.04.2014
  12. Claims to legitimacy matter
    why sanctions fail to instigate democratization in authoritarian regimes
    Author: Grauvogel, Julia; Soest, Christian von
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  GIGA, Hamburg

    International sanctions have been one of the most commonly used tools of Western foreign policy in the post-Cold War era to instigate democratization globally. However, despite long-term external pressure through sanctions imposed by the European... more

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    International sanctions have been one of the most commonly used tools of Western foreign policy in the post-Cold War era to instigate democratization globally. However, despite long-term external pressure through sanctions imposed by the European Union, the United States and/or the United Nations, nondemocratic rule in cases such as Belarus, Cuba, Eritrea, Iran, North Korea and Syria has proven to be extremely persistent. In this paper, we analyze a new global dataset on sanctions from 1990 to 2011 and assess which international and domestic factors account for the persistence of nondemocratic rule in targeted regimes. The results of a fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) of 120 episodes of sanctions provide new insights for the research on both sanctions and authoritarian regimes. Most significantly, sanctions strengthen nondemocratic rule if the regime manages to incorporate their existence into its legitimation strategy. Such a "rally-round-the-flag" effect occurs most often in cases where comprehensive sanctions targeting the entire population are imposed on regimes that enjoy strong claims to legitimacy and have only limited linkages to the sanction sender.

     
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    hdl: 10419/83668
    Series: GIGA working papers ; 235
    Subjects: sanctions; claims to legitimacy; authoritarian regimes; democratization
    Scope: Online-Ressource (25, [14] S.)
  13. Clash of brothers in a contagious world
    wars to avoid diffusion
    Author: Lada, Akos
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Does sharing the same religion, civilization or racial proximity lead to more peaceful relations between countries? This paper argues that cultural similarity can actually cause wars, which occur to combat diffusion. This new theory of war combines... more

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    Does sharing the same religion, civilization or racial proximity lead to more peaceful relations between countries? This paper argues that cultural similarity can actually cause wars, which occur to combat diffusion. This new theory of war combines the models of Acemoglu and Robinson (2006) and Fearon (1995), and shows that cultural similarity can lead to more warfare when old elites are afraid of losing their position to a newly inspired citizenry, as these elites try to destroy the external source of inspiration. The microfoundation for inspiration is derived from revealed information about the income level under given institutions, which are assumed to have positive correlation with cultural proximity. On the empirical side, I present case studies on the 1848 Revolutions, the 2013 Korean Crisis (using content analysis of official North Korean articles) and on the First World War, as well as statistical analysis on all the wars of the last two centuries.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9786155243936
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108317
    Series: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2013/33
    Subjects: international conflict; culture; democratization
    Scope: Online-Ressource (79 S.)
    Notes:

    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache