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Displaying results 1 to 16 of 16.

  1. Skills mismatches
    an impediment to the competitiveness of EU businesses : study
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  European Economic and Social Committee, Bruxelles, Belgique

    Skills mismatches are widely accepted as a factor that drags down on potential economic growth and as such require concrete policy measures both at the EU and national level. This report was prepared by the Institute for Market Economics (IME) and is... more

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Skills mismatches are widely accepted as a factor that drags down on potential economic growth and as such require concrete policy measures both at the EU and national level. This report was prepared by the Institute for Market Economics (IME) and is dedicated to the study of skills mismatches in the EU and their effect on the competitiveness of EU businesses. It includes a comprehensive review of existing literature on the issue and outlines some of the main conclusions regarding the relation of skill mismatches to education, personal and aggregate productivity, labour market dynamics and outcomes, innovation capacity and competitiveness. The study also includes the results of a dedicated survey designed to shed further light on the causes and effects of skills mismatches from the point of view of companies. We provide further evidence of the importance of Mismatch Priority Occupations (as identified by Cedefop), as well as additional insight into potential labour market bottleneck is five reference countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Finland, Germany and Spain). Current and long-term demographic trends make skills mismatches an issue of particular acuteness - against a projected decline in the labour force and an increase in the average age, European economies cannot afford to waste human capital. We find that efforts in achieving effective VET, lifelong learning and labour intermediation practices have to be supported by general competitivenessenhancing reforms in EU economies. We estimate an EU-wide annual productivity loss of 2.14% due to existing mismatches.

     
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  2. Seven economic challenges for Russia
    breaking out of stagnation? : in-depth analysis
    Author: Russell, Martin
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  EPRS, Brussels

    This publication describes the current condition of the Russian economy, which has suffered recently from external shocks, such as a collapse in oil prices and Western sanctions. However, it argues that poor economic performance has more to do with... more

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    This publication describes the current condition of the Russian economy, which has suffered recently from external shocks, such as a collapse in oil prices and Western sanctions. However, it argues that poor economic performance has more to do with long-term internal problems, including a lack of competitive markets, low levels of investment, an absence of innovation and excessive dependence on natural resources. Finally, it discusses President Putin's promises of economic reforms to tackle such issues, and evaluates the prospects for major change.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789284636532
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    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Wirtschaftswachstum; Russland; economic situation; price of energy; economic reform; competitiveness; international sanctions; economic consequence; natural resources; poverty; investment; working population; Russia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of the Philippine small and medium enterprises
    Author: Borazon, Elaine Q.; Supangco, Vivien T.
    Published: September 2018
    Publisher:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of Philippine small and medium enterprises. A survey of 384 small and medium enterprises was done and structural equation modeling was... more

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    This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of Philippine small and medium enterprises. A survey of 384 small and medium enterprises was done and structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis. Results show that internal integration strongly influences (p<0.001) both business performance (growth) and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises. Moreover, customer integration influences business performance (growth). It also mediates the effect of supplier and customer integration in business performance (growth) and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211032
    Series: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2018, 13 (September 2018)
    Subjects: Supply chain integration; SMEs; competitiveness; business performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten)
  4. Productivity of Slovenian firms
    Author: Domadenik, Polona; Ivanc, Bojan; Marinšek, Denis
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    We analyse productivity differences across non-financial Slovenian firms over the period 1994-2015. In particular, we investigate the impact of different factors (including size, ownership, investment activity and industry characteristics) on firms'... more

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    We analyse productivity differences across non-financial Slovenian firms over the period 1994-2015. In particular, we investigate the impact of different factors (including size, ownership, investment activity and industry characteristics) on firms' total factor productivity (TFP), competitiveness and internationalisation. Large corporates appear to have the highest level of TFP, more than 50% above the average, and show stronger TFP growth. Exporting firms also show higher TFP growth than other firms, particularly after the recent crisis. Using a complete database of R&D subsidies over 1998-2015, the paper identifies R&Dintensive firms and investigates the impact of R&D investment on productivity and profitability. It is found that subsidies did not significantly increase firm-level productivity, once size, industry and year effects are taken into account. This could be because, during the recession (2009-2015), subsidies were granted to firms in difficulties.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279774157
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    Series: Array ; 078 (March 2018)
    Subjects: state ownership; exporters; productivity; Slovenia; competitiveness; economic analysis; size of business; type of business
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. How to design cultural development strategies to boost local and regional competitiveness and comparative advantage
    overview of good practices
    Author: Cavallini, Simona; Soldi, Rossella; Utma, Mihaela Alina; Errico, Beatrice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  European Committee of the Regions, Bruxelles, Belgique

    This study is meant to provide the evidence of positive experiences by local and regional authorities (LRAs) in the design and implementation of cultural development strategies. Cultural development strategies are planning approaches in which culture... more

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    This study is meant to provide the evidence of positive experiences by local and regional authorities (LRAs) in the design and implementation of cultural development strategies. Cultural development strategies are planning approaches in which culture is a pillar for sustainable development (Hristova et al., 2015, Hutton, 2016), and through which policymakers may boost their cities' or territories' comparative advantage and competitiveness on the basis of existing or potential cultural endowment.

     
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  6. Financing the future of supercomputing
    how to increase investment in high performance computing in Europe
    Author: Gigler, Björn-Sören; Casorati, Alberto; Verbeek, Arnold
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    In the digital age, supercomputing has become an indispensable resource for fostering innovation, economic growth and social cohesion in Europe. Supercomputing has become an indispensable resource in the digital age, thereby transforming research,... more

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    In the digital age, supercomputing has become an indispensable resource for fostering innovation, economic growth and social cohesion in Europe. Supercomputing has become an indispensable resource in the digital age, thereby transforming research, businesses and our daily lives. It strongly increases the ability of researchers, industry, SMEs and government to process and analyse large amounts of data. The study demonstrates that the use of supercomputing for industrial and commercial applications in Europe has grown rapidly across many sectors such as automotive, renewable energy and mechanical engineering. To realise this potential, significant public ('cornerstone') investments in strategic HPC infrastructure and services are essential. This is expected to lead to the creation of public value via the growth of high-tech companies and the creation of new ecosystems across Europe. At the same time, new thinking is required about how to optimise the use of HPC infrastructure from a predominantly public good approach to ensure that adequate socio-economic returns are generated. This study analysis the key financing challenges of supercomputing in Europe and provides concrete recommendations on how to overcome the current investment gap in this strategic sector. It provides a new rationale for public and private investment as a basis for improving the conditions for robust and long-term financing.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Dustdar, Shiva (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789286135972
    Other identifier:
    Series: Innovation Finance Advisory studies
    Subjects: Computer; Parallelrechner; Big Data; Finanzierung; EU-Staaten; research and development; EU financing; job creation; innovation; small and medium-sized enterprises; competitiveness; digital technology; computer systems; prospective technological studies; economic growth; economic and social cohesion; private investment; public investment; long-term financing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 155 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Measuring varieties of industrial relations in Europe
    a quantitative analysis
    Author: Caprile, María; Sanz de Miguel, Pablo; Welz, Christian; Rodríguez, Ricardo
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure... more

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    Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure country performance in industrial relations in terms of these four dimensions and to develop a typology of industrial relations systems, enabling a cross-country analysis of trends. The report focuses particularly on industrial democracy, seen in this context as the core dimension of industrial relations and the most desirable model of work and employment governance.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Riobóo Lestón, Irene (MitwirkendeR)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289718134
    Other identifier:
    Series: Industrial relations / Eurofound
    Research report / Eurofound
    Subjects: Arbeitsbeziehungen; Wirtschaftsdemokratie; EU-Staaten; labour relations; working conditions; collective bargaining; labour force; data collection; competitiveness; worker consultation; quantitative analysis; research report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Main developments in the postal sector (2013-2016)
    study for the European Commission, Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs
    Author: Okholm, Henrik Ballebye; Cerpickis, Mindaugas; Boivie, Anna Möller; Facino, Martina; Gårdebrink, Jimmy; Almqvist, Mattias; Basalisco, Bruno; Geus, Marjolein; Apon, Jochem
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The years from 2013 to 2016 have been characterized by two major opposing pressures in the postal sector: (i) letter volume decline, and (ii) growth in e-commerce packets/parcels volume. These contrasting pressures underpin different challenges for... more

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    The years from 2013 to 2016 have been characterized by two major opposing pressures in the postal sector: (i) letter volume decline, and (ii) growth in e-commerce packets/parcels volume. These contrasting pressures underpin different challenges for all stakeholders in the postal sector. Whereas letter volume decline has shaped the postal market and continues to drive changes, the growing e-commerce industry creates new opportunities and demands for the postal market to respond to and to minimise the negative impact of letter volume decline. The combination of strong letter volume decline and growth in parcel volumes has important operational and economic implications for postal networks. In several instances, it has also called for substantial changes in postal regulation.

     
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  9. Main developments in the postal sector (2013-2016)
    country fiches : study for the European Commission, Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs
    Author: Okholm, Henrik Ballebye; Cerpickis, Mindaugas; Boivie, Anna Möller; Facino, Martina; Gårdebrink, Jimmy; Almqvist, Mattias; Basalisco, Bruno; Geus, Marjolein; Apon, Jochem
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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  10. Structual change in times of increasing openness
    assessing path dependency in European economic integration
    Author: Gräbner-Radkowitsch, Claudius; Heimberger, Philipp; Kapeller, Jakob; Schütz, Bernhard
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf

    This paper analyzes the dynamics of structural polarization and macroeconomic divergence in the context of European integration, where the latter is understood primarily as an increase in economic and financial openness. In the process of estimating... more

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    This paper analyzes the dynamics of structural polarization and macroeconomic divergence in the context of European integration, where the latter is understood primarily as an increase in economic and financial openness. In the process of estimating the dynamic effects of such an openness shock on 26 EU countries, we develop a taxonomy of European economies that consists of core, periphery and catching-up countries, as well as financial hubs. We show that these four country groups have responded in a distinct way to the openness shock imposed by European integration and argue that the latter should be seen as an evolutionary process that has given rise to different path-dependent developmental trajectories. These trajectories relate to the sectoral development of European economies and the evolution of their technological capabilities. We propose a set of interrelated policy measures to counteract structural polarization and to promote macroeconomic convergence in Europe.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/213395
    Series: FMM working paper ; Nr. 39(December, 2018)
    Subjects: Europe; path dependency; European integration; economic openness; competitiveness
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten)
  11. Measuring the competitiveness of elections
    Author: Cox, Gary W.; Fiva, Jon H.; Smith, Daniel M.
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The concept of electoral competition plays a central role in many subfields of political science, but no consensus exists on how to measure it. One key challenge is how to conceptualize and measure electoral competitiveness at the district level... more

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    The concept of electoral competition plays a central role in many subfields of political science, but no consensus exists on how to measure it. One key challenge is how to conceptualize and measure electoral competitiveness at the district level across alternative electoral systems. Recent efforts to meet this challenge have introduced general measures of competitiveness which rest on explicit calculations about how votes translate into seats, but also implicit assumptions about how effort maps into votes (and how costly effort is). We investigate how assumptions about the effort-to-votes mapping affect the units in which competitiveness is best measured, arguing in favor of vote-share denominated measures and against vote-share-per-seat measures. Whether elections under multimember proportional representation systems are judged more or less competitive than single-member plurality or runoff elections depends directly on the units in which competitiveness is assessed (and hence on assumptions about how effort maps into votes).

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/198778
    Series: Array ; no. 7418 (December 2018)
    Subjects: competitiveness; measurement; electoral systems; mobilization; turnout
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Identifying priority service sectors for reforms in France
    Author: Kizior, Magdalena; Simonis, Dominique; Turkisch, Edouard; Vlachaki, Irene
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Given their high economic importance, their high labour intensity and their increasing contribution to manufacturing exports, services in France have a strong potential to create jobs and enhance productivity and contribute to overall... more

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    Given their high economic importance, their high labour intensity and their increasing contribution to manufacturing exports, services in France have a strong potential to create jobs and enhance productivity and contribute to overall competitiveness. Despite recent reform efforts in some service sectors, a number of issues continue to hamper activity in those sectors that need to be addressed. In order to help prioritise reforms in services in France, this paper identifies sectors that are both economically important and score relatively poorly with respect to three dimensions of market performance (competition, openness, innovation). This screening exercise points to a set of sectors with a relatively weak performance when compared to other service sectors in France. A cross-country comparison with the performance of the identified sectors in the other large euro area economies (Germany, Spain, Italy) and the UK is then provided. The results show that, despite a relatively good market performance overall, several service sectors of major economic importance in France are characterised by low competition. This is notably the case for a number of business services (architectural and engineering activities, administrative and support services), as well as for the sectors of retail trade, accommodation and food services, and health. This analysis provides useful insight about the challenges in some sectors, which would be candidates for reforms in priority, and invites further analysis on the causes of their weak performance.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279773648
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    Series: Array ; 035 (March 2018)
    Subjects: economic reform; economic analysis; service; tertiary sector; competitiveness; open market; innovation; economic consequence; Czechia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Germany in fundamental macroeconomic disequilibrium
    the external surplus
    Author: Priewe, Jan
    Published: August 2018
    Publisher:  Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Düsseldorf

    Despite performing very positively on some key macroeconomic indicators in recent years, the German economy is in grave disequilibrium if the high current account surplus is included in the analysis. The paper scrutinises the evolution of Germany's... more

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    Despite performing very positively on some key macroeconomic indicators in recent years, the German economy is in grave disequilibrium if the high current account surplus is included in the analysis. The paper scrutinises the evolution of Germany's external surplus since the inception of the Euro in 1999. This is done by identifying the main determinants of exports and imports and by analysing the accounting identity in which the current account is national saving less total fixed investment. While price competitiveness measured by real exchange rates is strongly improved by German imports for exports within international value chains, also by real undervaluation against other member countries, the focus is on the combination of price- and non-price competitiveness. The latter is mainly determined by the global income elasticity for imports from Germany, relative to the income elasticity for imports to Germany. Despite heavy fluctuations, the past trend shows a clear wedge between the growth of exports and imports of almost one percentage point. If this trend continues the German trade balance would reach 15% of GDP in 2026 which would be a time bomb for the cohesion of the European Monetary Union. Market-based rebalancing is not in sight. It is the built-in dynamics of the external surplus that is hazardous. The problem is aggravated as Germany sits in the same boat with three other hard-core surplus seeking countries (Netherlands, Ireland, Luxembourg). In recent years the imbalances within EMU have changed, pulling former deficit countries in mild surplus but leaving the diversity of current account balances among EMU members at a spread of 8-10 percentage points, with an external trade surplus of EMU as a whole of 4.5% and 3.5% current account surplus. Germany carries nearly 77% and 55% of the current account and the trade surplus, respectively, and has - far ahead others - become the largest surplus country on the globe, in absolute terms. This constellation is unsustainable and requires policy action in Germany, in the European Union, the Euro Area and also by global authorities.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/213389
    Series: FMM working paper ; Nr. 32(August, 2018)
    Subjects: balance of payments; global imbalances; real exchange rates; competitiveness; European Monetary Union
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten)
  14. Piercing the "payoff function" veil
    tracing beliefs and motives
    Author: Fenig, Guidon; Gallipoli, Giovanni; Halevy, Yoram
    Published: November 26, 2018
    Publisher:  University of Toronto, Department of Economics, Toronto

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Department of Economics, University of Toronto ; 625
    Subjects: non-choice data; typology; tracking; response-time; coordination; public goods; complementarity; altruism; joy of giving; competitiveness; joy of winning; laboratory experiment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Economic behavior of children and adolescents
    a first survey of experimental economics results
    Author: Sutter, Matthias; Zoller, Claudia; Glätzle-Rützler, Daniela
    Published: November 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    About 15 years ago, economic experiments with children and adolescents were considered as an extravagant niche of economic research. Since then, this type of research has exploded in scope and depth. It has become clear that studying the development... more

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    About 15 years ago, economic experiments with children and adolescents were considered as an extravagant niche of economic research. Since then, this type of research has exploded in scope and depth. It has become clear that studying the development of economic behavior and its determinants is important to understand economic behavior of adults and to provide a basis for potential policy interventions with respect to economic behavior in childhood and adolescence. Given the huge increase of papers, we provide the first overview of economic experiments with children and adolescents. We focus on the following aspects: rationality of choices, risk preferences, time preferences, social preferences, cooperation, and competitiveness. All of these aspects are analyzed with respect to the influence of age and gender, and we also consider the role of socio-economic status or interventions.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/193241
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11947
    Subjects: competitiveness; risk preferences; time preferences; social preferences; survey; experiment; children; gender; age
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten)
  16. A review of R&D and sectoral incentives in manufacturing in industrialised and emerging economies
    lessons for ‘Make in India’
    Author: Saha, Sabyasachi; Shaw, Prativa
    Published: September 2018
    Publisher:  Research and Information System for Developing Countries, New Delhi

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: RIS discussion papers ; RIS-DP # 233
    Subjects: R&D; innovations; fiscal incentives; high technology industry; manufacturing; competitiveness
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten)