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Displaying results 1 to 24 of 24.

  1. Do capital incentives distort technology diffusion?
    evidence on cloud, big data and AI
    Author: DeStefano, Timothy; Johnstone, Nick; Kneller, Richard; Timmis, Jonathan
    Published: September 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    The arrival of cloud computing provides firms a new way to access digital technologies as digital services. Yet, capital incentive policies present in every OECD country are still targeted towards investments in informational technology (IT) capital.... more

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    The arrival of cloud computing provides firms a new way to access digital technologies as digital services. Yet, capital incentive policies present in every OECD country are still targeted towards investments in informational technology (IT) capital. If cloud services are partial substitutes for IT investments, the presence of capital incentive policies may unintentionally discourage the adoption of cloud and technologies that rely on the cloud, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and big data analytics. This paper exploits a tax incentive in the UK for capital investment as a quasi-natural experiment to examine the impact on firm adoption of cloud computing, big data analytics and AI. The empirical results find that the policy increased investment in IT capital as would be expected; but it slowed firm adoption of cloud, big data and AI. Matched employer-employee data shows that the policy also led firms to reduce their demand for workers that perform data analytics, but not other types of workers.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/305611
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11369 (2024)
    Subjects: capital incentives; firms; cloud computing; artificial intelligence
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Transition pathway for tourism
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    On 10 March 2020, the Commission adopted a new industrial strategy. The aim was to help EU industry lead the green and digital transformations and to boost the EU's global competitiveness and open strategic autonomy. In light of the experience of the... more

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    On 10 March 2020, the Commission adopted a new industrial strategy. The aim was to help EU industry lead the green and digital transformations and to boost the EU's global competitiveness and open strategic autonomy. In light of the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, the update of the EU industrial strategy highlighted the need to further accelerate the green and digital transitions and increase the resilience of the EU industrial ecosystems. To do so, the Commission proposed launching transition pathways that are co-created with stakeholders, as an essential collaborative process to help the transformation of industrial ecosystems. As the tourism ecosystem was the hardest hit by the pandemic and faces major challenges to achieve the twin transition, it was the first industrial ecosystem in which a co-creation process was launched to develop a transition pathway. The aim of this report is to describe the measures and outputs needed to accelerate the green and digital transitions and improve the resilience of the tourism ecosystem. The objective is to encourage and invite all groups and stakeholders in the tourism ecosystem to engage and play their part in the initiative. The work to prepare the pathway has followed a collaborative approach involving all stakeholder groups. Similar active and productive collaboration should support also the way forward. Following the publication of this report, the Commission will invite tourism stakeholders to present their commitments to the transition pathway for tourism, and it will establish collaboration processes for the co-implementation and monitoring of the work. The follow-up of the transition pathway will be facilitated by an online stakeholder collaboration platform, which is to be established by end of 2022. The transition pathway work also meets the request of the European Council in its conclusions of 27 May 2021 to invite "the Commission and Member States, in participation with relevant stakeholders, to design a European Agenda for Tourism 2030/2050". The follow-up to the Member States initiatives and to the EU Agenda for Tourism will be supported by the Tourism Advisory Committee. The Commission will also keep the Council informed of progress on co-implementing the tourism transition pathway through the Working Party on Tourism. The Industrial Forum oversees the transition pathways of all industrial ecosystems and will also be regularly updated on progress on the transition pathway for tourism.

     
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  3. Let's switch to the cloud
    cloud adaption and its effect on IT investment and productivity
    Author: Duso, Tomaso; Schiersch, Alexander
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin

    The advent of cloud computing promises to improve the way firms utilize IT solutions. Firms are expected to replace large and inflexible fixed-cost investments in IT with more targeted variable spending in cloud solutions. In addition, cloud usage is... more

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    The advent of cloud computing promises to improve the way firms utilize IT solutions. Firms are expected to replace large and inflexible fixed-cost investments in IT with more targeted variable spending in cloud solutions. In addition, cloud usage is expected to increase the productivity of firms, as it allows them to quickly customize the IT they require to their specific needs. We assess these assertions using data on a representative sample of firms provided by the German statistical offices for the years 2014 and 2016, which allows to observe who are the cloud users. Our analysis explicitly accounts for the self-selection into cloud adoption within an endogenous treatment regression framework. Broadband availability at the municipality level is used as an exogenous shifter for cloud usage. We show that, while cloud adoption does not impact IT investment in any sectors, it does significantly improve labor productivity for firms in manufacturing and in information and communication services.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265519
    Series: Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; 2017
    Subjects: cloud computing; investment; productivity; IT; substitution; firm performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Let's switch to the cloud
    cloud adoption and its effect on IT investment and productivity
    Author: Duso, Tomaso; Schiersch, Alexander
    Published: September 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The advent of cloud computing promises to improve the way firms utilize IT solutions. Firms are expected to replace large and inflexible fixed-cost investments in IT with more targeted variable spending in cloud solutions. In addition, cloud usage is... more

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    The advent of cloud computing promises to improve the way firms utilize IT solutions. Firms are expected to replace large and inflexible fixed-cost investments in IT with more targeted variable spending in cloud solutions. In addition, cloud usage is expected to increase the productivity of firms, as it allows them to quickly customize the IT they require to their specific needs. We assess these assertions using data on a representative sample of firms provided by the German statistical offices for the years 2014 and 2016, which allows to observe who are the cloud users. Our analysis explicitly accounts for the self-selection into cloud adoption within an endogenous treatment regression framework. Broadband availability at the municipality level is used as an exogenous shifter for cloud usage. We show that, while cloud adoption does not impact IT investment in any sectors, it does significantly improve labor productivity for firms in manufacturing and in information and communication services.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265979
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9944 (2022)
    Subjects: cloud computing; investment; productivity; IT; substitution; firm performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Report on China
    technological capacities and key policy measures
    Author: Heimberger, Heidi; Horvat, Djerdj; Kroll, Henning; Shauchuk, Palina
    Published: May 2020
    Publisher:  European Commission, Brussels

    The objective of the international country reports is to explore the technology and policy landscape of selected non-European countries. Country performance in advanced technologies is presented based on patent, trade and investment data. The reports... more

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    The objective of the international country reports is to explore the technology and policy landscape of selected non-European countries. Country performance in advanced technologies is presented based on patent, trade and investment data. The reports provide also a concise and informative review of policies relevant for advanced technology development and deployment. The starting point of this analysis has been sixteen advanced technologies that are a priority for European industrial policy and that enable process, product and service innovation throughout the economy and hence foster industrial modernisation. Advanced technologies are defined as recent or future technologies that are expected to substantially alter the business and social environment and include Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing, Artificial Intelligence, Augmented and Virtual Reality, Big Data, Blockchain, Cloud Technologies, Connectivity, Industrial Biotechnology, the Internet of Things, Micro and Nanoelectronics, Mobility, Nanotechnology, Photonics, Robotics and Security. The full methodology behind the data calculations is available on the ATI website: ati.ec.europa.eu. The report is structured as the following: The first section outlines the capacities of China in terms of technology generation (patent applications), followed by an analysis of international competitiveness in technology-based products (export shares) and, eventually, entrepreneurial dynamism (venture capital activities and investments in tech firms). The second section analyses the main policy strategy of China in support of advanced technologies and provides an overview of some of the key policy initiatives and policy measures in the field.

     
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  6. A survey of fintech research and policy discussion
    Author: Allen, Franklin; Gu, Xian; Jagtiani, Julapa
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA

    The intersection of finance and technology, known as fintech, has resulted in the dramatic growth of innovations and has changed the entire financial landscape. While fintech has a critical role to play in democratizing credit access to the unbanked... more

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    The intersection of finance and technology, known as fintech, has resulted in the dramatic growth of innovations and has changed the entire financial landscape. While fintech has a critical role to play in democratizing credit access to the unbanked and thin-file consumers around the globe, those consumers who are currently well served also turn to fintech for faster services and greater transparency. Fintech, particularly the blockchain, has the potential to be disruptive to financial systems and intermediation. Our aim in this paper is to provide a comprehensive fintech literature survey with relevant research studies and policy discussion around the various aspects of fintech. The topics include marketplace and peer-to-peer lending, credit scoring, alternative data, distributed ledger technologies, blockchain, smart contracts, cryptocurrencies and initial coin offerings, central bank digital currency, robo-advising, quantitative investment and trading strategies, cybersecurity, identity theft, cloud computing, use of big data and artificial intelligence and machine learning, identity and fraud detection, anti-money laundering, Know Your Customers, natural language processing, regtech, insuretech, sandboxes, and fintech regulations

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Current draft: May 28, 2020
    Series: Working papers / Research Department, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia ; 20, 21 (June 2020)
    FRB of Philadelphia Working Paper ; No. 20-21
    Subjects: fintech; marketplace lending; P2P; alternative data; DLT; blockchain; robo advisor; regtech; insuretech; cryptocurrencies; ICOs; CBDC; cloud computing; AML; KYC; NLP; fintech regulations
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten)
  7. Accounting for cloud computing in the national accounts
    Author: Baer, Andrew L.; Lee, Kwangwon; Tebrake, James
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Digitalization and the innovative use of digital technologies is changing the way we work, learn, communicate, buy and sell products. One emerging digital technology of growing importance is cloud computing. More and more businesses, governments and... more

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    Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Heidenheim, Bibliothek
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    Digitalization and the innovative use of digital technologies is changing the way we work, learn, communicate, buy and sell products. One emerging digital technology of growing importance is cloud computing. More and more businesses, governments and households are purchasing hardware and software services from a small number of large cloud computing providers. This change is having an impact on how macroeconomic data are compiled and how they are interpreted by users. Specifically, this is changing the information and communication technology (ICT) investment pattern from one where ICT investment was diversified across many industries to a more concentrated investment pattern. Additionally, this is having an impact on cross-border flows of commercial services since the cloud service provider does not need to be located in the same economic territory as the purchaser of cloud services. This paper will outline some of the methodological and compilation challenges facing statisticians and analysts, provide some tools that can be used to overcome these challenges and highlight some of the implications these changes are having on the way users of national accounts data look at investment and trade in commercial services

     
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  8. Business user and third-party access to online platform data
    analytical paper 5
    Author: Gineikytė, Vaida; Barcevičius, Egidijus; Cibaitė, Guoda
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The two-sided` markets operated by online platforms generate a lot of data about the players active on these markets. Such data is not only useful for the platforms, but also for other businesses to understand market dynamics, make better business... more

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    The two-sided` markets operated by online platforms generate a lot of data about the players active on these markets. Such data is not only useful for the platforms, but also for other businesses to understand market dynamics, make better business decisions, or develop new products and innovate. The access to such data depends however on the terms and conditions set by online platforms. Decisions by online platforms on the scope and scale of data sharing have far-reaching effects on their business users and other players within the platform data ecosystem, and may help them succeed or put them at a disadvantage. This analytical paper investigates the state of the art of data sharing by digital platforms with third parties. The analysis covers three sectors of the platform economy: e-commerce, online tourism services and app stores. It is based on a detailed research of secondary sources, 61 interview and 15 platform-specific case studies that include Amazon, AliExpress, eBay, Google Play, Apple App Store, Booking.com and others. Specifically, the paper was designed to answer the following questions: What data, collected and held by platforms, is important for their business users and other businesses active in their respective sectors? What kinds of data do platforms provide/open for each type of identified users? How and under what arrangements? What types of data, important to different users, do platforms refuse to share and on what grounds? How indispensable is this data? What are the incentives and constraints for platforms to share data? What are the possible solutions to address platform refusals to share data important to other users?

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276374008
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: cloud computing; provision of services; electronic commerce; trade intermediary; digital economy; data collection; search engine; Internet site; data protection; digital single market; goods and services; consumer behaviour
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 149 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Digital innovation and banking regulation
    Author: Papathanassiou, Chryssafoula
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    The European Union is aiming to foster digital transformation in all sectors by 2030. It has pioneered cross-sectoral legislation on artificial intelligence, cloud computing services and crypto-assets for this purpose. Yet compared with the work done... more

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    The European Union is aiming to foster digital transformation in all sectors by 2030. It has pioneered cross-sectoral legislation on artificial intelligence, cloud computing services and crypto-assets for this purpose. Yet compared with the work done on ESG, the prospective banking regulation regime has still to articulate more purposefully how the industry should manage the risks from digital trends and how supervisors should assess them. This paper discusses digital innovation in the banking sector in the context of the academic literature on financial innovation and non-banks. It also considers how to foster a risk-based Pillar 2 prudential framework, as well as market discipline through harmonised Pillar 3 disclosures. The paper concludes that these latter two propositions can help reconcile the challenges stemming from the short-term horizon applied in prudential assessment and the longer-term horizon over which digital innovation will take place in the banking sector.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289964197
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/299581
    Series: Occasional paper series / European Central Bank ; no 351
    Subjects: digitalisation; artificial intelligence; crypto-assets; cloud computing; supervision
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)
  10. Advanced technologies for industry
    policy brief : industrial recovery and technology policy
    Author: Izsak, Kincsö; Romanainen, Jari; Stamenov, Blagoy
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report focuses on a review and analysis of recent policy actions across EU Member States that address the industrial recovery through research, technology and innovation. In the past decade the drive for industrial transformation has largely... more

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    This report focuses on a review and analysis of recent policy actions across EU Member States that address the industrial recovery through research, technology and innovation. In the past decade the drive for industrial transformation has largely been motivated by the desire to boost productivity and growth in an increasingly competitive manufacturing landscape. Policies have promoted the positioning of businesses higher up the value chain and often targeted 'high tech' sectors. The industrial transformation has been seen as a way to increase exports through competitiveness and even to address regional economic disparities. At the same time, many 'low tech' companies, as part of cost reduction strategies, have moved part of their production to Asia and other parts of the world. However, those companies were often producers of essential goods such as for example medical supplies. In addition, European companies have become extremely dependent on third countries for critical raw materials.The pandemic has thus revealed how vulnerable and dependent the production chains of European companies (both in high and in low tech sectors) have become due to globalisation. As a result, some policymakers looked at ways to incentivise companies to shorten their production chains and move their production capacity and jobs back to their countries of origin ('reshoring'). This applied especially to vital sectors such as medical technology and critical ICT technologies (such as cloud computing, micro- and nanoelectronics). In this context, this report begins by identifying the main drivers of industrial transformation before and after Covid-19. It then gives examples of how different advanced technologies could support recovery, diversification and resilience of manufacturing in the EU. After pointing out the key policy challenges for the industrial recovery, it finally analyses national policy responses to accelerate industrial recovery and puts forward best practices by giving examples of policy measures at national level that address these issues. It is important to note that this brief does not aim to provide an exhaustive overview of all the different strategies and policies addressing industrial recovery but rather to give a brief description of practices in a selected number of EU Member States and highlight key policy challenges. This report is based on desk research, expert assessment and interviews with policymakers.

     
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  11. Advanced technologies for industry
    B2B platforms : highlighting the relevance of B2B industrial digital platforms in Europe
    Author: Veronesi, Lorenzo; Naujoks, Stefanie; Micheletti, Giorgio
    Published: July 2021
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report has been prepared within the framework of the Advanced Technologies for Industry (ATI) project, initiated by the European Commission, Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) and the European... more

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    This report has been prepared within the framework of the Advanced Technologies for Industry (ATI) project, initiated by the European Commission, Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) and the European Innovation Council and Small and Mediumsized Enterprises Executive Agency (EISMEA). The report follows and expands on some of the key elements that were analysed in the previous report 'Monitoring B2B Industrial Digital Platforms in Europe', which investigated the status of B2B industrial digital platforms and underlined their relevance in fostering the process of digital transformation across industries, as well as their role as a fundamental enabler of the data economy in Europe and beyond. More specifically, the previous report pointed to the central role of digital platforms and of B2B industrial digital platforms in particular, in bringing about a composite business ecosystem that is conducive of innovative products, solutions and business processes. It also emphasised how an ever-increasing number of leading organisations in Europe across all industry sectors is shifting to 'platform thinking' with remarkable impacts on their business models and technology architecture. It further found that the supply-side of the European B2B platform market is fragmented and that, in contrast, the demand for B2B industrial digital platforms is quite solid with a vast majority of European companies perceiving clear advantages in the adoption of B2B platforms, such as the potential to access significantly larger markets and increase revenues as a result. With this in mind, the present report builds on these findings and aims to expand them by: providing an overview of the relevance of these platforms in the context of post COVID-19 economy 'next normal'; highlighting the potential impact of these technologies on the industrial ecosystems, in particular when it comes to the potential amplification of the digital divide; introducing a classification for the different B2B ecosystem models and provide an organised summary of the key initiatives that are being deployed in Europe and elsewhere.

     
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  12. Organizational barriers to transforming large finance corporations
    cloud adoption and the importance of technological architecture
    Author: Cao, Sam (Ruiqing); Iansiti, Marco
    Published: December 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    This paper studies the impact of technological architecture around data storage and processing on the performance of large financial corporations after being exposed to more stringent data privacy regulations. A modular approach to cloud adoption -... more

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    This paper studies the impact of technological architecture around data storage and processing on the performance of large financial corporations after being exposed to more stringent data privacy regulations. A modular approach to cloud adoption - which reflects in the lack of data interoperability and reliance on microservices architecture - significantly constrains corporations' ability to adapt after the GDPR became enforceable. We hypothesize that a modular approach to cloud adoption leads to uncontrolled scaling and data silos that hinder coordination and regulatory compliance. Using a difference-in-differences regression design, we find that establishment revenues lower by 30% among corporations substantially exposed to GDPR. Other corporations do not experience similar losses. We also find evidence consistent with theory using two alternative measures based on cloud vendor configurations.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/271786
    Edition: Original version: December 2022, this version: February 2023
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10142 (2022)
    Subjects: technological architecture; cloud computing; ecosystem; GDPR; organisation design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Study on greening cloud computing and electronic communications services and networks
    towards climate neutrality by 2050 : final study report
    Author: Bilsen, Valentijn; Gröger, Jens; Devriendt, Willem; Liu, Ran; Gaušas, Simonas; Behrens, Felix; Bley, Federico; Carpentier, Marieke; Duchêne, Vincent; Köhler, Andreas R.; Lecocq, Cathy; Legein, Emma; Quack, Dietlinde
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The current rapid digital transformation is characterized by an increase in the generation, use and transmission of data, and IT infrastructure, which in turn leads to an increased energy and resource consumption. Therefore in view of the EU Green... more

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    The current rapid digital transformation is characterized by an increase in the generation, use and transmission of data, and IT infrastructure, which in turn leads to an increased energy and resource consumption. Therefore in view of the EU Green Deal and related policy strategies, the digital transformation also requires a green transformation. Therefore the broad objectives of this study are to propose i) policy measures for increasing the energy and resource efficiency of data centres as well as ii) policy options that could be included in a transparency mechanism on the environmental footprint of electronic communications services and networks (ECNs) and criteria for environmental sustainability assessments. A dual research strategy was followed, focussing on data centres and cloud computing on the one hand and ECNs on the other hand. For data centres the study proposes primarily (a combination of) the following policy measures: - Improvements to the Code of Conduct; - Compulsory green public procurement criteria for publicly procured data centres, server rooms and cloud services; and - The set-up of a European Data Centre Registry. Concerning ECNs, the two main propositions are: - The deployment of a energy efficient network infrastructure; - The provision of eco-friendly telecommunications services by ECN operators.

     
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  14. Economic value of data flows
    final study report
    Author: Foley, Paul; Aatif; Gemmell, Alexandra; Rys, Jonah; Vinciguerra, Chiara
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Research examining the value, volume and trends of cloud based data flows is a complex exercise. A limited number of studies have succeeded in developing methodologies to map and monitor data flows, such as the study 'Mapping Data Flows' commissioned... more

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    Research examining the value, volume and trends of cloud based data flows is a complex exercise. A limited number of studies have succeeded in developing methodologies to map and monitor data flows, such as the study 'Mapping Data Flows' commissioned by the European Commission. But none have calculated the economic value of cloud data flows This study, which is part of the European Commission initiative 'The European Cloud Data Flow Monitoring', provides an innovative and replicable methodology to monitor, estimate and forecast to 2030 the value of cloud data flows within the EU, EFTA countries and the UK. Interviews were undertaken with 1,200 private and public sector enterprises in six EU27 Member States (Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, Poland, Spain and Sweden) to collect raw data and analyse the characteristics of enterprises adopting cloud services, their economic impacts as well as the one from cloud data flows. Results from interviews and other research undertaken by the study estimated that the total volume of cloud data flows in 2022 in the EU was 11.2 EX. The total economic value associated to cloud data flows in the EU in 2022 was 2.05 billion, meaning €183 million per EX of cloud data flows. The analytical framework for the study has developed tools for the continuous analysis of the volume of cloud data flows and their associated economic value up to 2030. This analytical framework could be used in the future to analyse and monitor data flow trends in terms of volume and economic value across and within the European Union to provide evidence in support of EU policy, trade and investment decisions.

     
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  15. Data, privacy laws and firm production
    evidence from the GDPR
    Author: Demirer, Mert; Jiménez Hernández, Diego; Li, Dean; Peng, Sida
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, [Chicago, Illinois]

    By regulating how firms collect, store, and use data, privacy laws may change the role of data in production and alter firm demand for information technology inputs. We study how firms respond to privacy laws in the context of the EU's General Data... more

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    By regulating how firms collect, store, and use data, privacy laws may change the role of data in production and alter firm demand for information technology inputs. We study how firms respond to privacy laws in the context of the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) by using seven years of data from a large global cloudcomputing provider. Our difference-in-difference estimates indicate that, in response to the GDPR, EU firms decreased data storage by 26% and data processing by 15% relative to comparable US firms, becoming less "data-intensive." To estimate the costs of the GDPR for firms, we propose and estimate a production function where data and computation serve as inputs to the production of "information." We find that data and computation are strong complements in production and that firm responses are consistent with the GDPR representing a 20% increase in the cost of data on average. Variation in the firm-level effects of the GDPR and industry-level exposure to data, however, drives significant heterogeneity in our estimates of the impact of the GDPR on production costs.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/284087
    Series: [Working paper] / Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago ; WP 2024, 02 (January 26, 2024)
    Subjects: privacy laws; production function; GDPR; data; cloud computing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 99 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Der Gigant
    Wie Amazon die Wirtschaft im 21. Jahrhundert verändert und wovor wir uns fürchten müssen
    Author: Mattioli, Dana
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, München ; Penguin Random House Verlagsgruppe GmbH

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  17. Computer Applications for Graphics, Grid Computing, and Industrial Environment
    International Conferences, GDC, IESH and CGAG 2012, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2012, Gangneug, Korea, December 16-19, 2012. Proceedings
    Contributor: Kim, T'ae-hun (Herausgeber); Cho, Hyun-Seob (Herausgeber); Gervasi, Osvaldo (Herausgeber); Yau, Stephen Shing-Toung (Herausgeber)
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg

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  18. Computer applications for graphics, grid computing, and industrial environment
    international conferences ; proceedings
    Contributor: Kim, T'ae-hun (Herausgeber); Cho, Hyun-Seob (Herausgeber); Gervasi, Osvaldo (Herausgeber); Yau, Stephen Shing-Toung (Herausgeber)
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Springer, Berlin

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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Kim, T'ae-hun (Herausgeber); Cho, Hyun-Seob (Herausgeber); Gervasi, Osvaldo (Herausgeber); Yau, Stephen Shing-Toung (Herausgeber)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9783642355998; 3642355994
    Other identifier:
    9783642355998
    Series: Communications in computer and information science ; 351
    Subjects: Verteiltes System; Anwendungssoftware; Grid Computing; Computerspiel; Lernspiel; Computergrafik; Mensch-Maschine-Kommunikation; Kritische Infrastruktur; Computersicherheit; Kryptologie
    Other subjects: (Produktform)Paperback / softback; (Zielgruppe)Research; cloud computing; location-based systems; security monitoring; software architecture; voice recognition; (VLB-WN)1636: Hardcover, Softcover / Informatik, EDV/Datenkommunikation, Netzwerke
    Scope: XVI, 348 S., Ill., graph. Darst., 24 cm
    Notes:

    Literaturangaben
  19. Accounting for cloud computing in the national accounts
    Author: Baer, Andrew L.; Lee, Kwangwon; Tebrake, James
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Digitalization and the innovative use of digital technologies is changing the way we work, learn, communicate, buy and sell products. One emerging digital technology of growing importance is cloud computing. More and more businesses, governments and... more

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    Digitalization and the innovative use of digital technologies is changing the way we work, learn, communicate, buy and sell products. One emerging digital technology of growing importance is cloud computing. More and more businesses, governments and households are purchasing hardware and software services from a small number of large cloud computing providers. This change is having an impact on how macroeconomic data are compiled and how they are interpreted by users. Specifically, this is changing the information and communication technology (ICT) investment pattern from one where ICT investment was diversified across many industries to a more concentrated investment pattern. Additionally, this is having an impact on cross-border flows of commercial services since the cloud service provider does not need to be located in the same economic territory as the purchaser of cloud services. This paper will outline some of the methodological and compilation challenges facing statisticians and analysts, provide some tools that can be used to overcome these challenges and highlight some of the implications these changes are having on the way users of national accounts data look at investment and trade in commercial services

     
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  20. Digital innovation and banking regulation
    Author: Papathanassiou, Chryssafoula
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    The European Union is aiming to foster digital transformation in all sectors by 2030. It has pioneered cross-sectoral legislation on artificial intelligence, cloud computing services and crypto-assets for this purpose. Yet compared with the work done... more

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    The European Union is aiming to foster digital transformation in all sectors by 2030. It has pioneered cross-sectoral legislation on artificial intelligence, cloud computing services and crypto-assets for this purpose. Yet compared with the work done on ESG, the prospective banking regulation regime has still to articulate more purposefully how the industry should manage the risks from digital trends and how supervisors should assess them. This paper discusses digital innovation in the banking sector in the context of the academic literature on financial innovation and non-banks. It also considers how to foster a risk-based Pillar 2 prudential framework, as well as market discipline through harmonised Pillar 3 disclosures. The paper concludes that these latter two propositions can help reconcile the challenges stemming from the short-term horizon applied in prudential assessment and the longer-term horizon over which digital innovation will take place in the banking sector.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289964197
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/299581
    Series: Occasional paper series / European Central Bank ; no 351
    Subjects: digitalisation; artificial intelligence; crypto-assets; cloud computing; supervision
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)
  21. Economies before scale
    survival and performance of young plants in the age of cloud computing
    Author: Jin, Wang; McElheran, Kristina
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  SSRN, [S.l.]

    Young firms are central to productivity and job growth in the United States, yet they fail at high rates. We examine how a recent rise in firms' ability to access information technology as a service affected the survival and performance of young... more

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    Young firms are central to productivity and job growth in the United States, yet they fail at high rates. We examine how a recent rise in firms' ability to access information technology as a service affected the survival and performance of young establishments in the U.S. manufacturing sector. Using detailed Census Bureau data, we track a large representative sample of plants from 2006 to 2014. We find that the ability to “rent” IT as needed – in particular, via cloud computing – was associated with significantly higher survival and growth among young plants. This contrasts with investments in traditional IT capital, which increased their likelihood of failure. Conditional on survival, young plants also exhibited much higher productivity than older plants from IT services expenditure. The effect was more important in IT-intensive and high-variance industries, consistent with a greater option value from reductions in the cost of experimenting with new IT. Also consistent with a learning-based mechanism, the effects are related more to age than to size, and apply to new establishments of existing firms. Our study provides the first empirical evidence that this emerging technology is changing how firms learn about their IT requirements and benefit from shared economies of scale before they achieve significant experience and scale of their own

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Edition: This Draft: December 2017
    Series: Rotman School of Management working paper ; no. 3112901
    Subjects: entrepreneurship; cloud computing; productivity; information technology
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Certification schemes for cloud computing
    final report : a study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content & Technology
    Author: Orue-Echevarria, Leire; Cortés, Concepción; Álvarez, Maite; Sánchez, Begoña; Ayerbe, Ana
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Which factors are retaining IT users from using cloud computing? How to raise trust in the market in the context of the current jungle of certification schemes? Lack of trust with regard to cloud adoption can be solved with an EU-wide cloud security... more

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    Which factors are retaining IT users from using cloud computing? How to raise trust in the market in the context of the current jungle of certification schemes? Lack of trust with regard to cloud adoption can be solved with an EU-wide cloud security certification scheme. The study "Certification schemes for Cloud Computing" analyses the barriers that are currently hindering the adoption of cloud computing, including market penetration of certification schemes, and provides a gap analysis of certification schemes. It gives an estimation of costs and approaches for obtaining a certification and lists initiatives carried out by the public and the private sectors. The study clears the way for an EU-level approach by defining a minimum set of requirements that a European certification scheme should cover. Conclusively, the study lists a set of future scenarios that could occur for cloud security certification. For each scenario, the study performs an in-depth analysis and gathers the barriers, benefits and next steps that would be needed to implement it.

     
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    ISBN: 9789279931727
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    Subjects: Cloud Computing; Standardisierung; EU-Staaten; computer network; new technology; computer system; information technology; international standard; technical standard; information storage; cloud computing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 315 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Mobile technology trends and their potential for agricultural development
    Author: Baumüller, Heike
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  ZEF, Bonn

    Mobile phones have spread around the developing world at an amazing speed. Their proliferation has given rise to numerous mobile phone-enabled services (m-services) in the areas of health, education, agriculture and entertainment. However, to date... more

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    Mobile phones have spread around the developing world at an amazing speed. Their proliferation has given rise to numerous mobile phone-enabled services (m-services) in the areas of health, education, agriculture and entertainment. However, to date many of these services are barely scratching the surface of what is technologically possible. This paper examines the potential of recent mobile technology trend to enhance the functions and reach of m-services, with a focus on promoting agricultural development among smallholder farmers. To this end, the paper identifies three broad trends: the growing diversity of devices to access mobile content and functions, the Internet of Things that links sensors and 'smart objects', and the power of social networks and a large user base to gather data, collectively develop solutions and facilitate learning. For each of these trends, the paper reviews the current state of the technologies and highlights actual and potential applications in the agriculture sector. The extent to which benefits can be realised on a large scale will depend on a number of factors. Thus, the paper outlines two possible scenarios how the trends could evolve in the future under different assumption and assesses the implications of these scenarios for the provision of m-services that suit the needs and capacities of farmers in developing countries.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/88375
    Series: ZEF working paper series ; 123
    Subjects: agriculture; mobile phones; mobile connected devices; m-services; internet of things; cloud computing; big data; crowdsourcing; social networks
    Scope: Online-Ressource (27 S.), graph. Darst.
  24. Networks, hackers, and nonprotected consumers
    Author: Bartholomae, Florian W.
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Univ. d. Bundeswehr, Inst. für VWL, Neubiberg

    In this paper a network model is developed in which three players sequentially choose their strategies. In the first stage, a profit–maximizing network firm chooses the price and thus the size of the network. In the second stage the consumers decide... more

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    In this paper a network model is developed in which three players sequentially choose their strategies. In the first stage, a profit–maximizing network firm chooses the price and thus the size of the network. In the second stage the consumers decide whether to join in the network or not. In the last stage a hacker has the opportunity to hack the network and cause damage to the consumer. The success of hacking is based on the protection of the customers. Whereas in the first part of the paper this is given exogenously it is endogenized later on. In an extension, the utility of the hacker as well as the consumers includes psychological costs, thus allowing some further insights. Finally, policy implications are given implying better international cooperation of the law enforcement authorities.

     
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    hdl: 10419/81127
    Series: Volkswirtschaftliche Diskussionsbeiträge / Universität der Bundeswehr München, Fachgruppe für Volkswirtschaftslehre ; 2013,3
    Subjects: hacking; network size; cloud computing; nonprotected consumers
    Scope: Online-Ressource (20 S.), graph. Darst.