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  1. Reconfiguring globalisation
    a review of tariffs, industrial policies, and the global solar PV supply chain
    Author: Zhu, Linxiao
    Published: December 2024
    Publisher:  The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, [Oxford]

    Trade barriers have become an increasingly popular policy design for protecting and nurturing domestic clean-tech manufacturing industries in major economies, including the US, EU, Canada, and India. Confronted with a surge of Chinese solar... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 783
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    Trade barriers have become an increasingly popular policy design for protecting and nurturing domestic clean-tech manufacturing industries in major economies, including the US, EU, Canada, and India. Confronted with a surge of Chinese solar photovoltaics (PV) imports at drastically reduced prices, a consequence of China’s rapid manufacturing expansion, multiple countries are poised to launch or strengthen existing trade barriers. However, despite extensive discussion within policy and industry circles, the effectiveness and broader impact of such policies remain underexplored in the existing literature. This paper attempts to address this gap by exploring the role of trade barriers as major economies grapple with the dilemma between decarbonisation and de-risking from Chinese equipment critical for the energy transition. This paper begins by analysing the trade conflicts of the early 2010s and their impact on the US, EU, and Chinese industries, as well as on the global supply chain. It then explores how recent and impending trade conflicts — along with the rise of green industrial policies aimed at promoting import substitution — are reshaping the global supply chain by assessing both government policies and corporate responses. Lastly, the paper examines policy solutions for the rest of the world (ROW), considering trade actions and industrial policies in the context of China’s overcapacity in 2024.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781784672591
    Series: Array ; 15
    Subjects: China; de-risking; industrial policy; IRA; overcapacity; reshoring; solar PV; Subsidy; Supply Chain; Tariff; Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Gazprom
    from rent distributor to tax collector?
    Author: Henderson, James; Moe, Arild
    Published: September 2024
    Publisher:  The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, [Oxford]

    The financial losses recorded by Gazprom in 2023 driven by collapsing gas export revenue point to a wider transition in the role of the company, which has been at the heart of Russia’s energy economy since the Soviet period. In the pre-crisis period,... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 780
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    The financial losses recorded by Gazprom in 2023 driven by collapsing gas export revenue point to a wider transition in the role of the company, which has been at the heart of Russia’s energy economy since the Soviet period. In the pre-crisis period, Gazprom was able to subsidize gas supply to domestic consumers thanks to its monopoly on lucrative Russian gas exports. But the 2023 results point to a new set of trends, with liquids making up the bulk of revenue and the strategic importance of gas fading as the company works to establish new eastern markets to replace its lost European buyers. Furthermore, higher domestic gas prices are serving to feed additional revenue to the state budget in the form of tax, reducing the company’s capital budget and squeezing its cost base. With Gazprom now becoming more of a de facto government revenue collector than a rent distributor, and with the company’s much weaker financial position, highlighted by the deterioration in its balance sheet as well as its profit and loss account, this report asks what the outlook for the company is in terms of both internal financial reform or a potential breaking up of its business model in favour of domestic competitors like Rosneft and Novatek.

     
    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781784672522
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/306607
    Series: Array ; 193
    Subjects: Capital; China; Exports; Gas; Gazprom; LNG; MET; Novatek; Profit; revenue; Rosneft; Russia; Subsidy; tax
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen