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Displaying results 1 to 6 of 6.

  1. Market Size and Trade in Medical Services
    Author: Dingel, Jonathan I.; Gottlieb, Joshua D.; Lozinski, Maya; Mourot, Pauline
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We measure the importance of increasing returns to scale and trade in medical services. Using Medicare claims data, we document that "imported" medical care -- services produced by a medical provider in a different region -- constitute about... more

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    We measure the importance of increasing returns to scale and trade in medical services. Using Medicare claims data, we document that "imported" medical care -- services produced by a medical provider in a different region -- constitute about one-fifth of US healthcare consumption. Larger regions specialize in producing less common procedures, which are traded more. These patterns reflect economies of scale: larger regions produce higher-quality services because they serve more patients. Because of increasing returns and trade costs, policies to improve access to care face a proximity-concentration tradeoff. Production subsidies and travel subsidies can impose contrasting spillovers on neighboring regions

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31030
    Subjects: Gesundheitsversorgung; Dienstleistungshandel; Binnenhandel; Räumliche Verteilung; Unvollkommener Wettbewerb; Skalenertrag; Regionalökonomik; USA; Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation; Empirical Studies of Trade; Analysis of Health Care Markets; Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  2. Search Theory of Imperfect Competition with Decreasing Returns to Scale
    Author: Menzio, Guido
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    I study a version of the search-theoretic model of imperfect competition by Burdett and Judd (1983) in which sellers face a strictly increasing rather than a constant marginal cost of production. The equilibrium exists and is unique, and its... more

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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    I study a version of the search-theoretic model of imperfect competition by Burdett and Judd (1983) in which sellers face a strictly increasing rather than a constant marginal cost of production. The equilibrium exists and is unique, and its structure depends on the extent of search frictions. If search frictions are large enough, the price distribution is non-degenerate and atomless. If search frictions are neither too large nor too small, the price distribution is non-degenerate with an atom at the lowest price. If search frictions are small enough, the price distribution is degenerate. The equilibrium is efficient if and only if the price distribution is degenerate and, hence, if and only if search frictions are small enough. In contrast, in Burdett and Judd (1983), the equilibrium price distribution is always non-degenerate and atomless and the equilibrium is always efficient. As in Burdett and Judd (1983), the equilibrium goes from monopolistic to competitive as search frictions decline

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31174
    Subjects: Skalenertrag; Unvollkommener Wettbewerb; Suchtheorie; Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection; Search; Learning; Information and Knowledge; Communication; Belief; Unawareness; Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  3. Incorporating Theory-Consistent Endogenous Markups into Applied General-Equilibrium Models
    Author: Markusen, James R.
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition... more

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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition side of these IO developments has often failed to incorporate meaningful strategic behavior, largely ruling out firm-level productivity and scale effects. I show here that the incorporation of theory-based endogenous markups into AGE models is not difficult in spite of the added simultaneity of the system. I first derive the optimal markup equations for Nash Cournot and Nash Bertrand competition in a CES environment with free entry and exit. Then I code a simple numerical model using non-linear complementarity. Three alternatives are considered: large-group monopolistic competition (LGMC), small-group Cournot (SGC) and small-group Bertrand (SGB). Growth in the economy is the experiment used to compare these specifications. While the overall effects of growth on welfare are qualitatively similar, the gains to initially small economies are much larger under either small-group assumption relative to LGMC, but diminish relative to LGMC as economies grow large. Secondly I show how the contributions of variety (entry), firm scale (productivity), and markups (distortions) to welfare changes differ substantially among the three alternatives

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31181
    Subjects: CGE-Modell; Mark-up Pricing; Skalenertrag; Unvollkommener Wettbewerb; Modellierung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Theorie; Mathematical Methods; Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation; Trade Forecasting and Simulation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  4. Incorporating theory-consistent endogenous markups into applied general-equilibrium Models
    Author: Markusen, James R.
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 63
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    The incorporation of increasing returns and imperfect competition into applied general-equilibrium (AGE) models, beginning with Harris (1984), led to much larger welfare effects from changes such as trade liberalization. But the imperfect competition side of these IO developments has often failed to incorporate meaningful strategic behavior, largely ruling out firm-level productivity and scale effects. I show here that the incorporation of theory-based endogenous markups into AGE models is not difficult in spite of the added simultaneity of the system. I first derive the optimal markup equations for Nash Cournot and Nash Bertrand competition in a CES environment with free entry and exit. Then I code a simple numerical model using non-linear complementarity. Three alternatives are considered: large-group monopolistic competition (LGMC), small-group Cournot (SGC) and small-group Bertrand (SGB). Growth in the economy is the experiment used to compare these specifications. While the overall effects of growth on welfare are qualitatively similar, the gains to initially small economies are much larger under either small-group assumption relative to LGMC, but diminish relative to LGMC as economies grow large. Secondly I show how the contributions of variety (entry), firm scale (productivity), and markups (distortions) to welfare changes differ substantially among the three alternatives.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/272034
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10390 (2023)
    Subjects: CGE-Modell; Mark-up Pricing; Skalenertrag; Unvollkommener Wettbewerb; Modellierung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Theorie
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. The benefits and potential costs of a digital economy
    Author: Lau, Lawrence J.
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Lau Chor Tak Institute of Global Economics and Finance, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong

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    Series: Working paper / [Lau Chor Tak Institute of Global Economics and Finance, The Chinese University of Hong Kong] ; no.101 (May 2023)
    Subjects: Digitalökonomie; Digitalisierung; Kosten-Nutzen-Analyse; Skalenertrag; Big Data; Konsumentenrente; Datenschutz
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten)
  6. Incorporating theory-consistent endogenous markups into applied general-equilibrium models
    Author: Markusen, James R.
    Published: 21 April 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP18098
    Subjects: CGE-Modell; Mark-up Pricing; Skalenertrag; Unvollkommener Wettbewerb; Modellierung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Theorie
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten)