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  1. No rest for the weary
    measuring the changing distribution of wealth in the United States
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis (SCEPA), Department of Economics, the New School for Social Research, New York, NY

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Schwartz Center for Economic Policy Analysis ; #2023, 2 (Nov)
    Subjects: Vermögensverteilung; Messung; USA
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Handbuch Entwicklungsforschung
    Contributor: Fischer, Karin (HerausgeberIn); Hauck, Gerhard (HerausgeberIn); Boatcă, Manuela (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2023]; © 2023
    Publisher:  Springer VS, Wiesbaden

    Deutsches Zentrum für Altersfragen e.V. (DZA), Bibliothek
    in Bearbeitung*2
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    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
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    GEN-I/481
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    73/12008
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Fischer, Karin (HerausgeberIn); Hauck, Gerhard (HerausgeberIn); Boatcă, Manuela (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9783658329457; 3658329459
    Other identifier:
    9783658329457
    RVK Categories: QG 020 ; QM 353 ; MK 9000 ; MK 8200 ; QC 347 ; MR 2000 ; RB 10792 ; RB 10918 ; QC 340
    DDC Categories: 320
    Edition: 2. Auflage
    Series: Springer Reference
    Subjects: Entwicklungsforschung; Entwicklungstheorie; Entwicklung; Definition; Messung; Entwicklungspolitik; Entwicklungshilfe; Entwicklungsländer; Sociology; Social structure; Equality; Economics
    Scope: X, 413 Seiten, Illustrationen, 23.5 cm x 15.5 cm
    Notes:

    Literaturangaben

  3. The Independent Contractor Workforce
    New Evidence On Its Size and Composition and Ways to Improve Its Measurement in Household Surveys
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Good data on the size and composition of the independent contractor workforce are elusive, with household survey and administrative tax data often disagreeing on levels and trends. We carried out a series of focus groups to learn how self-employed... more

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    Good data on the size and composition of the independent contractor workforce are elusive, with household survey and administrative tax data often disagreeing on levels and trends. We carried out a series of focus groups to learn how self-employed independent contractors speak about their work. Based on these findings, we designed and fielded a large-scale telephone survey to elicit more accurate and complete information on independent contractors, including those who may be coded incorrectly as employees in conventional household survey data and those who are independent contractors in a secondary work activity. We find that, upon probing, roughly one in 10 workers who initially reports working for an employer on one or more jobs (and thus is coded as an employee) is in fact an independent contractor on at least one of those jobs. Incorporating these miscoded workers into estimates of work arrangement on the main job nearly doubles the share who are independent contractors, to about 15 percent of all workers. Young workers, less-educated workers, workers of color, multiple-job holders, and those with low hours are more likely to be miscoded. Taking these workers into account substantively changes the demographic profile of the independent contractor workforce. Our research indicates that probing in household surveys to clarify a worker's employment arrangement and identify all low-hours work is critical for accurately measuring independent contractor work

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30997
    Subjects: Selbstständige; Beruflicher Status; Arbeitsmarktstatistik; Arbeitsmarkt; Messung; Methodologie; USA; Survey Methods; Sampling Methods; Labor Contracts; Informal Labor Markets; Contracting Out; Joint Ventures; Technology Licensing; Labor Contracting Devices
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  4. Weighted Median Inflation Around the World
    A Measure of Core Inflation
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    The standard measure of core or underlying inflation is the inflation rate excluding food and energy prices. This paper constructs an alternative measure, the weighted median inflation rate, for 38 advanced and emerging economies using subclass level... more

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    The standard measure of core or underlying inflation is the inflation rate excluding food and energy prices. This paper constructs an alternative measure, the weighted median inflation rate, for 38 advanced and emerging economies using subclass level disaggregation of the CPI over 1990-2021, and compares the properties of this measure to those of standard core. For quarterly data, we find that the weighted median is less volatile than standard core, more closely related to economic slack, and more closely related to headline inflation over the next year. The weighted median also has a drawback: in most countries, it has a lower average level than headline inflation. We therefore also consider a measure of core inflation that eliminates this bias, which is based on the percentile of sectoral inflation rates that matches the sample average of headline CPI inflation

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31032
    Subjects: Inflation; Inflationsrate; Messung; Methodologie; Kerninflation; Verbraucherpreisindex; Index Numbers and Aggregation; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  5. Global High-Resolution Estimates of the United Nations Human Development Index Using Satellite Imagery and Machine-learning
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) is arguably the most widely used alternative to gross domestic product for measuring national development. This is in large part due to its multidimensional nature, as it incorporates not only income,... more

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    The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) is arguably the most widely used alternative to gross domestic product for measuring national development. This is in large part due to its multidimensional nature, as it incorporates not only income, but also education and health. However, the low country-level resolution of the global HDI data released by the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Programme (N=191 countries) has limited its use at the local level. Recent efforts used labor-intensive survey data to produce HDI estimates for first-level administrative units (e.g., states/provinces). Here, we build on recent advances in machine learning and satellite imagery to develop the first global estimates of HDI for second-level administrative units (e.g., municipalities/counties, N = 61,591) and for a global 0.1 * 0.1 degree grid (N=806,361). To accomplish this we develop and validate a generalizable downscaling technique based on satellite imagery that allows for training and prediction with observations of arbitrary shape and size. This enables us to train a model using provincial administrative data and generate HDI estimates at the municipality and grid levels. Our results indicate that more than half of the global population was previously assigned to the incorrect HDI quintile within each country, due to aggregation bias resulting from lower resolution estimates. We also illustrate how these data can improve decision-making. We make these high resolution HDI estimates publicly available in the hope that they increase understanding of human wellbeing globally and improve the effectiveness of policies supporting sustainable development. We also make available the satellite features and software necessary to increase the spatial resolution of any other global-scale administrative data that is detectable via imagery

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31044
    Subjects: Entwicklungsindikator; Messung; Berechnung; Datenerhebung; Armut; Weltraumtechnik; Welt; Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General; Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs; Measurement and Analysis of Poverty; General Regional Economics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  6. Unpacking Social Capital
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We use novel and unique survey data from Italy to shed light on key questions regarding the measurement of social capital and the use of social capital indicators for empirical work. Our data cover a sample of over 600,000 respondents interviewed... more

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    We use novel and unique survey data from Italy to shed light on key questions regarding the measurement of social capital and the use of social capital indicators for empirical work. Our data cover a sample of over 600,000 respondents interviewed between 2000 and 2015. We identify four distinct components of social capital - i) social participation, ii) political participation, iii) trust in others, and iv) trust in institutions - and examine how they relate to each other. We then study how each dimension of social capital relates to various socioeconomic factors both at the individual and the aggregate level, and to various proxies of social capital commonly used in the literature. Finally, building on previous work, we investigate to what extent different dimensions of social capital predict differences in key economic, political, and health outcomes. Our findings support the view that social capital is a multifaceted object with multiple dimensions that, while related, are distinct from each other. Future work should take such multidimensionality into account and carefully consider what measure of social capital to use

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31083
    Subjects: Soziale Werte; Soziales Verhalten; Politische Partizipation; Soziale Lage; Wirtschaftsindikator; Messung; Methodologie; Befragung; Italien; Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines; Relation of Economics to Social Values; General; Cultural Economics; Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  7. The digital welfare of nations
    new measures of welfare gains and inequality
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR), Stanford, CA

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    Series: Working paper / Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) ; no. 23, 31 (September, 2023)
    NBER working paper series ; no. 31670
    Subjects: Digitale Güter; Messung; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Volkswirtschaftliche Gesamtrechnung; Experiment; Digitale Dienste; Social Web; Digitalökonomie; Wirtschaftsstatistik; Welt; General; Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Measuring mobility
    intergenerational status mobility across time and place
    Published: 06 January 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    LZ 161
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP17788
    Subjects: Intergenerationenmobilität; Soziale Mobilität; Ehe; Korrelation; Messung; England
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Digitalisierung messen
    staatliche Leistungsdaten statt digitalpolitischer To-Do-Listen
    Author: Lenz, Fulko
    Published: Februar 2023
    Publisher:  Stiftung Marktwirtschaft, Berlin

    Der bislang verfolgte digitalpolitische Ansatz, in legislaturperiodischen Abständen Digitalstrategien in Form von To-do-Listen zu verfassen, hat mit Blick auf tatsächliche Digitalisierungsfortschritte (zu) wenig Wirkung entfaltet. Statt immer mehr... more

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    DS 471
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    Der bislang verfolgte digitalpolitische Ansatz, in legislaturperiodischen Abständen Digitalstrategien in Form von To-do-Listen zu verfassen, hat mit Blick auf tatsächliche Digitalisierungsfortschritte (zu) wenig Wirkung entfaltet. Statt immer mehr vom Selben zu versuchen und weitere, detaillierte Maßnahmenkataloge aufzustellen und abzuarbeiten, sollte daher ein viel stärkerer Fokus auf der Erhebung von staatlichen Leistungsdaten liegen. So würde die Wirkung von Digitalisierungsbemühungen sowie die Qualität staatlichen Handelns insgesamt messbar. Dies erfordert eine kontinuierliche, transparente Erhebung aktueller, granularer und frei zugänglicher Daten. Auf Basis einer solchen, verbesserten Datengrundlage könnte Digitalpolitik erstens evidenzbasiert und zielgerichteter erfolgen. Zweitens würde die Leistungsfähigkeit staatlicher Stellen für Bürger nicht nur transparent, sondern auch vergleichbar und so drittens Anreize zu Verbesserungen verstärkt, weil die Qualität staatlicher Leistungen wieder mehr ins Zentrum des politischen Wettbewerbs rücken würde. Ein detaillierter Blick auf die erhobenen bzw. veröffentlichten Daten zur Digitalisierung von Verwaltung, Schulen und Gesundheitsämtern zeigt, dass man von diesem Idealbild in Deutschland noch sehr weit entfernt ist. Umso wichtiger sind konkrete und wirksame Schritte auf dem Weg zu einem Staat, der seine Leistungsfähigkeit datenbasiert misst und transparent ausweist. Hierfür sollte der Bund erstens seine finanzielle Förderung als Hebel nutzen und Mittel nur dann ausschütten, wenn gleichzeitig verbindlich definierte Leistungsdaten zurückfließen. Zweitens sollten Gesetzesvorhaben zwingend mit Indikatoren versehen werden, anhand derer die Wirkung bzw. die Zielerreichung des Gesetzes transparent überprüft werden kann. Drittens sollte das geplante Dateninstitut mit dem klaren Handlungsauftrag versehen werden, für alle Bereiche staatlichen Handelns geeignete Leistungsdaten zu definieren.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/268850
    Series: Positionspapiere / Stiftung Marktwirtschaft ; 12
    Subjects: Digitalpolitik; Öffentliche Dienstleistung; Dienstleistungsqualität; Messung; Statistische Daten; Deutschland
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. New Measurement of Export Participation in U.S. Manufacturing
    Published: January 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We measure export participation rates in the U.S. manufacturing sector using a new administrative dataset and compare them to participation rates constructed from the commonly used Census of Manufacturers (CM). Both at the establishment and firm... more

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    We measure export participation rates in the U.S. manufacturing sector using a new administrative dataset and compare them to participation rates constructed from the commonly used Census of Manufacturers (CM). Both at the establishment and firm level export participation rates are near 40 percent in the administrative data, almost twice as high as in the CM. The discrepancy appears to result predominantly from under-counting of small exporters in the CM. Our findings call for reconsidering the conventional wisdom that around 20 percent of manufacturing firms export

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30864
    Subjects: Industrie; Außenhandel mit Industriegütern; Messung; USA; General; Trade; Empirical Studies of Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  11. Measuring the Share of Imports in Final Consumption
    Published: January 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We use Belgian data on domestic firm-to-firm transactions and ask how the measurement of the share of imports in final consumption is affected when one uses data recorded at higher levels of aggregation. We find that aggregating detailed firm-to-firm... more

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    We use Belgian data on domestic firm-to-firm transactions and ask how the measurement of the share of imports in final consumption is affected when one uses data recorded at higher levels of aggregation. We find that aggregating detailed firm-to-firm transaction data to the firm level and imposing homogeneity assumptions in the composition of firms' input and output do not substantially affect the measurement of the share of imports in final consumption. However, using the national IO tables alone may understate the share of imports in final consumption and, thereby, the gains from trade

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w30890
    Subjects: Import; Privater Konsum; Außenhandelsgewinn; Messung; Aggregation; Theorie; Trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Notes:

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  12. Measuring transparency in the social sciences
    political science and international relations
    Published: January 2023
    Publisher:  Institute for Replication, Essen, Germany

    The scientific method is predicated on transparency - yet the pace at which transparent research practices are being adopted by the scientific community is slow. The replication crisis in psychology showed that published findings employing... more

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    The scientific method is predicated on transparency - yet the pace at which transparent research practices are being adopted by the scientific community is slow. The replication crisis in psychology showed that published findings employing statistical inference are threatened by undetected errors, data manipulation, and data falsification. To mitigate these problems and bolster research credibility, open data and preregistration practices have gained traction in the natural and social sciences. However, the extent of their adoption in different disciplines are unknown. We introduce procedures to identify the transparency of a research field using large-scale text analysis and machine learning classifiers. Using political science and international relations as an illustrative case, we examine 93,931 articles across the top 160 political science and international relations journals between 2010 and 2021. We find that approximately 21% of all statistical inference papers have open data and 5% of all experiments are preregistered. Despite this shortfall, the example of leading journals in the field shows that change is feasible and can be effected quickly.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/268345
    Edition: Latest version: 15 January, 2023
    Series: I4R discussion paper series / Institute for Replication ; no. 14
    Subjects: Politikwissenschaft; Internationale Beziehungen; Wissenschaftliche Methode; Transparenz; Messung; Theorie
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Expected inflation in the euro area
    measurement and policy responses
    Published: 25 January 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP17849
    Subjects: Inflationserwartung; Messung; Inflationssteuerung; Geldpolitik; Eurozone; Phillips curve; monetary policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The independent contractor workforce
    new evidence on its size and composition and ways to improve its measurement in household surveys
    Published: 2-22-2023
    Publisher:  W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research, Kalamazoo, MI

    Good data on the size and composition of the independent contractor workforce are elusive, with household survey and administrative tax data often disagreeing on levels and trends. We carried out a series of focus groups to learn how self-employed... more

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    Good data on the size and composition of the independent contractor workforce are elusive, with household survey and administrative tax data often disagreeing on levels and trends. We carried out a series of focus groups to learn how self-employed independent contractors speak about their work. Based on these findings, we designed and fielded a large-scale telephone survey to elicit more accurate and complete information on independent contractors, including those who may be coded incorrectly as employees in conventional household survey data and those who are independent contractors in a secondary work activity. We find that, upon probing, roughly one in 10 workers who initially reports working for an employer on one or more jobs (and thus is coded as an employee) is in fact an independent contractor on at least one of those jobs. Incorporating these miscoded workers into estimates of work arrangement on the main job nearly doubles the share who are independent contractors, to about 15 percent of all workers. Young workers, less-educated workers, workers of color, multiple-job holders, and those with low hours are more likely to be miscoded. Taking these workers into account substantively changes the demographic profile of the independent contractor workforce. Our research indicates that probing in household surveys to clarify a worker's employment arrangement and identify all low-hours work is critical for accurately measuring independent contractor work.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283975
    Series: Upjohn Institute working paper ; 23, 380
    Subjects: Selbstständige; Beruflicher Status; Arbeitsmarktstatistik; Arbeitsmarkt; Messung; Methodologie; USA; independent contractor; self-employment; work arrangements; survey design; miscoding; secondary work
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Weighted median inflation around the world
    a measure of core inflation
    Published: 20 March 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    LZ 161
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP18011
    Subjects: Inflation; Inflationsrate; Messung; Methodologie; Kerninflation; Verbraucherpreisindex; core inflation; median inflation; Phillips curve
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Unpacking social capital
    Published: 25 March 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP18024
    Subjects: Soziale Werte; Soziales Verhalten; Politische Partizipation; Soziale Lage; Wirtschaftsindikator; Messung; Methodologie; Befragung; Italien; Social capital; Trust; Culture; Italy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Building the Prototype Census Environmental Impacts Frame
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    The natural environment is central to all aspects of life, but efforts to quantify its influence have been hindered by data availability and measurement constraints. To mitigate some of these challenges, we introduce a new prototype of a microdata... more

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    The natural environment is central to all aspects of life, but efforts to quantify its influence have been hindered by data availability and measurement constraints. To mitigate some of these challenges, we introduce a new prototype of a microdata infrastructure: the Census Environmental Impacts Frame (EIF). The EIF provides detailed individual-level information on demographics, economic characteristics, and address-level histories - linked to spatially and temporally resolved estimates of environmental conditions for each individual - for almost every resident in the United States over the past two decades. This linked microdata infrastructure provides a unique platform for advancing our understanding about the distribution of environmental amenities and hazards, when, how, and why exposures have evolved over time, and the consequences of environmental inequality and changing environmental conditions. We describe the construction of the EIF, explore issues of coverage and data quality, document patterns and trends in individual exposure to two correlated but distinct air pollutants as an application of the EIF, and discuss implications and opportunities for future research

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31189
    Subjects: Lebensbedingungen; Umweltbelastung; Messung; USA; Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling; Climate; Natural Disasters and Their Management; Global Warming
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  18. How Many Americans Work Remotely?
    A Survey of Surveys and Their Measurement Issues
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Remote work surged during the Covid pandemic but there is disagreement about the extent of the change. To address this question, we field a new, nationally-representative survey: the Remote Life Survey (RLS). We find that in October 2020, 31.6... more

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    Remote work surged during the Covid pandemic but there is disagreement about the extent of the change. To address this question, we field a new, nationally-representative survey: the Remote Life Survey (RLS). We find that in October 2020, 31.6 percent of the continuously employed workforce always worked from home (WFH) and 21.9 percent sometimes or rarely WFH, totaling 53.5 percent. We compare our results with alternative measurement approaches, with a focus on government surveys, and provide estimates on the impact of four factors: (a) differences among mail versus web-based survey respondents, (b) differences in the inclusion of self-employed workers, (c) the industry mix of the sample, and (d) the exclusion of people who were already remote pre-pandemic. We find that the last explanation (d) explains the bulk of the difference in estimates between the Current Population Survey (CPS) and other measures of remote work, with the CPS underestimating the remote work rate by up to 28 percentage points. Under our preferred estimates, we find that about half of the U.S. workforce worked remotely at least one day each week as of December 2020

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31193
    Subjects: Telearbeit; Arbeitskräfte; Messung; Erhebungstechnik; Methodologie; USA; Health and Economic Development; Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure; Organization of Production; IT Management; Personnel Economics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  19. An update to estimates of human capital in New Zealand
    background paper to Te Tai Waiora: Wellbeing in Aotearoa New Zealand 2022
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  New Zealand Treasury, Wellington, New Zealand

    Human capability is one of the four aspects of wealth in the Treasury's Living Standards Framework. Combined with the other three aspects - the natural environment, physical and financial capital, and social cohesion, it underpins both current and... more

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    Human capability is one of the four aspects of wealth in the Treasury's Living Standards Framework. Combined with the other three aspects - the natural environment, physical and financial capital, and social cohesion, it underpins both current and future wellbeing. Human capability is defined as "people's knowledge, physical and mental health, including cultural capability". It would be ideal if we could measure the total contribution to wellbeing of all of these aspects but, at the moment, there is no generally accepted methodology to do this, so it is not covered in this note. Instead, the methodology used widely in the literature measures only the labour market value of the knowledge portion, by looking at lifetime earnings associated with different levels of education. We have called this component "human capital" in this note.

     

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/298485
    Series: Analytical paper / The Treasury, New Zealand Government ; 23, 02
    Subjects: Humankapital; Qualifikation; Messung; Neuseeland
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Un acercamiento a la dinámica del comercio digital transfronterizo en El Salvador
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  Departamento de Investigación Económica y Financiera, Banco Central de Reserva de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador, C.A.

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    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Documento de trabajo / Banco Central de Reserva ; 2023, 06
    Subjects: Electronic Commerce; Messung; Datenerhebung; El Salvador
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts
    Aggregate vs. Aggregated Inflation Expectations
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    This paper introduces a novel measure of consumer inflation expectations: We elicit and combine inflation forecasts across categories of personal consumption expenditure to form an aggregated measure of inflation expectations. Drawing on nearly... more

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    This paper introduces a novel measure of consumer inflation expectations: We elicit and combine inflation forecasts across categories of personal consumption expenditure to form an aggregated measure of inflation expectations. Drawing on nearly 60,000 respondents, our data comprise the early low-inflation environment of the COVID pandemic and the 2021 inflation surge. Conventionally elicited inflation expectations consistently exceed aggregated measures constructed under plausible weighting schemes. Aggregated measures display less disagreement and volatility and are stronger predictors of consumers' spending plans. The relative informational value of aggregated measures rises with the individual-level gap between conventional and aggregated inflation expectations. Our results chart a new course for designing measurement of inflation expectations

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31822
    Subjects: Inflationserwartung; Messung; Konsumentenverhalten; Konsumentenpräferenzen; Verbrauchereinstellung; Befragung; USA; Survey Methods; Sampling Methods; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; Monetary Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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  22. Do Two Wrongs Make a Right? Measuring the Effect of Publications on Science Careers
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    This paper examines whether publication data matched to the Survey of Doctorate Recipients can be used for research purposes. We use Gold Standard data created to validate the publication match quality and compare these measures to publications... more

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    This paper examines whether publication data matched to the Survey of Doctorate Recipients can be used for research purposes. We use Gold Standard data created to validate the publication match quality and compare these measures to publications assigned by a machine-learning algorithm developed by Thomson Reuters (now Clarivate). Our econometric model demonstrates that publications likely suffer from non-classical measurement error. Using horse race and instrumental variable models, we confirm that the Gold Standard data are relatively free from measurement error but show that the Clarivate data suffer from non-classical measurement error. We employ a variety of methods to adjust the Clarivate data for false negatives and false positives and demonstrate that with these adjustments the data produce estimates very similar to the Gold Standard. However, these adjustments are not as useful when publications are used as a dependent variable. We recommend using subsamples of the data that have better match quality when using the Clarivate data as a dependent variable

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31844
    Subjects: Wissenschaftliche Publikation; Wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs; Erwerbsverlauf; Messung; Bibliometrie; Datenqualität; Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation; General
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  23. Family Trees and Falling Apples
    Historical Intergenerational Mobility Estimates for Women and Men
    Published: November 2023
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Efforts to document long-term trends in socioeconomic mobility in the United States have been hindered by the lack of large, representative datasets that include information linking parents to their adult children. This problem has been especially... more

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    Efforts to document long-term trends in socioeconomic mobility in the United States have been hindered by the lack of large, representative datasets that include information linking parents to their adult children. This problem has been especially acute for women, who are more difficult to link because their surnames often change between childhood and adulthood. In this paper, we use a new dataset, the Census Tree, that overcomes these issues by building on information from an online genealogy platform. Users of the platform have private information that allows them to create links among the 1850 to 1940 decennial censuses; the Census Tree combines these links with others obtained using machine learning and traditional linking methods to produce a dataset with hundreds of millions of census-to-census links, nearly half of which are for women. With these data, we produce estimates of the intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic status from fathers to their sons and daughters. We find that for married men and women, the patterns of mobility over this period are remarkably similar. Single women, however, are less mobile than their male counterparts. We also present new estimates that show that assortative mating was much stronger than previously estimated for the US

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Series: NBER working paper series ; no. w31918
    Subjects: Soziale Lage; Soziale Mobilität; Intergenerationenmobilität; Messung; Methodologie; Geschichte; USA; General; Development of the Discipline: Historiographical; Sources and Methods
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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  24. Social cohesion concept and measurement
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  United Nations, Geneva

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789213585030
    Subjects: Soziale Stabilität; Definition; Messung; Statistisches Amt; Welt
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten)
  25. Inegalites de revenus et de patrimoines: modeles, donnees et perspectives croisees
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, Palaiseau, France

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    VS 647
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    Language: French
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    Series: Working paper series / Center for Research in Economics and Statistics ; 2023, no. 12 (December 2023)
    Subjects: Einkommensverteilung; Vermögensverteilung; Messung; Empirische Methode; Makroökonomisches Modell; Frankreich
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen