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Displaying results 1 to 13 of 13.

  1. Analysis of COVID-related patents for antibodies and vaccines
    Author: Santhanam, Kausalya
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    This paper provides an analysis of patents covering selected antibodies and vaccines used in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with... more

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Innovation und Wettbewerb / Max-Planck-Institut für Steuerrecht und Öffentliche Finanzen, Bibliothek
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    This paper provides an analysis of patents covering selected antibodies and vaccines used in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with information that can serve as guidance for the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent applications. The antibody combination considered for the patent analysis in this paper are Casirivimab and Imdevimab. The vaccines considered for the patent analysis are mRNA-1273, Sputnik, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222). The analysis was completed in May 2022.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 173 (7 February 2023)
    Other subjects: Access to Medicines; Antibodies; COVID-19; Global Health; Health; Intellectual Property; Pandemic; Patent; Patent Examination; Patent Law; Patent Offices; Patent Policy; Patent Protection; Public Health; Vaccines; Graue Literatur
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten)
  2. Directives pour l'examen des demandes de brevet relatives aux produits pharmaceutiques
    Author: Correa, Carlos María
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Genève, Suisse

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: French
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Document de recherche / South Centre ; 171
    Other subjects: Arzneimittel / 1.1 x; Patent / 1.2 x; Patentrecht / 1.3 x; Theorie / 1.4 x; Access to Medicines; Intellectual Property; Patent; Pharmaceuticals; Public Health; Graue Literatur
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Innovation, productivity and firm performance
    Author: Watt, Abigail; McCann, James; Lawson, Jeremy
    Published: 28 February 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP17945
    Subjects: Innovation; Innovation Processes; R&D; Intangible Assets; Intellectual Property; Factor Productivity; Firm Performance; Firm Size
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Directives pour l'examen des demandes de brevet relatives aux produits pharmaceutiques
    Author: Correa, Carlos María
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Genève, Suisse

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: French
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/278403
    Series: Document de recherche / South Centre ; 171 (31 janvier 2023)
    Subjects: Arzneimittel; Patent; Patentrecht; Theorie; Access to Medicines; Intellectual Property; Patent; Pharmaceuticals; Public Health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Analysis of COVID-related patents for antibodies and vaccines
    Author: Santhanam, Kausalya
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    This paper provides an analysis of patents covering selected antibodies and vaccines used in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with... more

    Access:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 751
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    This paper provides an analysis of patents covering selected antibodies and vaccines used in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. The aim of the report is to support national patent offices and interested parties in developing countries with information that can serve as guidance for the examination of the claims contained in relevant patents or patent applications. The antibody combination considered for the patent analysis in this paper are Casirivimab and Imdevimab. The vaccines considered for the patent analysis are mRNA-1273, Sputnik, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222). The analysis was completed in May 2022.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/278404
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 173 (7 February 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Antibodies; COVID-19; Global Health; Health; Intellectual Property; Pandemic; Patent; Patent Examination; Patent Law; Patent Offices; Patent Policy; Patent Protection; Public Health; Vaccines
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten)
  6. Leading and coordinating global health
    strengthening the World Health Organization
    Author: Syam, Nirmalya
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    The World Health Organization (WHO) should act as the directing and coordinating authority in global health but it has been steadily marginalized over time by design, through criticism as an inefficient organization, the reduction of assessed... more

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    The World Health Organization (WHO) should act as the directing and coordinating authority in global health but it has been steadily marginalized over time by design, through criticism as an inefficient organization, the reduction of assessed contributions and consequent impoverishment, and the proliferation of "new" international health agencies to which WHO has been compelled to cede operational space. This paper discusses how such marginalization of the WHO is in the interest of the dominant actors in global health, and leads to the neglect of health as a development issue. Today the global health system is more fragmented than it was when the WHO was established in 1948. Rich donor countries and corporations dominate multistakeholder governance structures in health partnerships, marginalizing most of the WHO membership and, notably, the Global South, in their decision-making. A consequence of this fragmentation in global health governance is that the space of the only multilateral organization where developing countries have an equal presence in terms of participation and decision-making as sovereign States -WHO- has been marginalized. Consequently, the development dimension of health is also marginalized and only the development assistance aspects of it receive major attention through vertical programmes and agencies addressing limited health needs without effectively addressing the basic need of strengthening health systems. Therefore, for developing countries it is imperative that WHO is effectively retooled to act as the leading and coordinating authority on global health with adequate legal powers, as well as institutional and financial capacities to do so without undue influence from donor countries and entities that have interests in the private sector. This would enable WHO to ensure that the interests of all countries are fairly addressed in its normative and operational activities. Such a transformation of WHO would require action both within and outside the organization. The paper proposes some suggestions in this regard.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/278405
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 174 (7 February 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; COVID-19; Epidemics; Essential Drugs; Food Standards; Global Health; Health; Health Security; Health Systems; Intellectual Property; International Cooperation; Pandemic; Primary Health Care (PHC); World Health Organization (WHO)
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten)
  7. Experiencias internacionales sobre la concesión de licencias obligatorias por razones de salud pública
    Author: Puente, Catalina de la; Palopoli, Gastón; Silvestrini, Constanza; Correa, Juan
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Ginebra, Suiza

    The purpose of this study is to analyze the compulsory licensing (CL) regimes in selected countries, in particular the economic elements of the granting of Compulsory Licenses (CLs), the determination and negotiation of royalties to the right holder.... more

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    The purpose of this study is to analyze the compulsory licensing (CL) regimes in selected countries, in particular the economic elements of the granting of Compulsory Licenses (CLs), the determination and negotiation of royalties to the right holder. For this purpose, a descriptive and exploratory analysis of the experiences of granting CLs in selected countries was carried out, focusing on the experiences of developing countries considering their proximity to the Argentine case. In particular, examples of experiences of issuance of CLs or governmental use measures in developing countries are discussed. With a special focus on Latin America, where only two countries have made use of such measures for public health reasons (Ecuador and Brazil). In addition, the effectiveness of the use of CLs or governmental use measures in the reduction of prices is examined, where significant savings are evidenced. In conclusion, the paper proposes the elaboration of a methodology in relation to royalties for Argentina through a payment range that takes into consideration criteria of accessibility and affordability of the licensed technology, as well as the sustainability of the financing agents' budgets.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/278410
    Series: Documento de investigación / South Centre ; 175 (22 de marzo de 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Argentina; Compulsory Licenses; COVID-19; Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health; Flexibilities; Government Use; Health; Intellectual Property; Latin America; Pandemic; Patent; Pharmaceuticals; Public Health; TRIPS; TRIPS Agreement; TRIPS Flexibilities; WTO TRIPS Decision on COVID-19 Vaccines
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The intersection between intellectual property, public health and access to climate-related technologies
    Author: Batista, Lívia Regina
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    On the 20th anniversary of the Doha Declaration on the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) and Public Health adopted by the World Trade Organization, we realize that its impact is beyond issues of... more

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    On the 20th anniversary of the Doha Declaration on the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) and Public Health adopted by the World Trade Organization, we realize that its impact is beyond issues of public health stricto sensu. The Doha Declaration has inspired discussions at the Council for TRIPS regarding access to climate-related technologies. Climate change is the main and most globalized environmental problem with adverse effects on public health, especially for the vulnerable communities in the Global-South. The main argument of the proponents of the discussion in the TRIPS Council is the need to rebalance public interests (such as public health and environmental/climate issues) with the private/economic interests of the most powerful countries and corporations. This debate addresses both the recognition of intellectual property rights as an important means for the promotion of technological innovation, and the required wider dissemination of technologies - be they medicines or climate-related technologies. This research paper explores the possibilities that the TRIPS Agreement and the Doha Declaration create for international transfer of climate-related technologies. Even though such discussions on climate-related technologies have initially failed in linking climate change and public health, as well as the rhetoric of human rights, the relevance of the topic remains. Besides that, the response to public health issues also must learn from the experience in climate change, such as the case studies evidencing the insufficiency and inefficiency of fast-tracking programs to provide for a wider dissemination of technologies - which have now been widely replicated to address the COVID-19 pandemic. Such comparison can also be an entrance point to discuss the public health implications for the international regime on climate change, highlighting that such issues are deeply intertwined, and need to be addressed jointly as well.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283481
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 188 (7 December 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Climate Change; Climate-related Technologies; COVID-19; Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health; Health; Human Rights; Innovation; Intellectual Property; Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Pandemic; Public Health; Technology Transfer; TRIPS; TRIPS Agreement; TRIPS Council
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  9. Patentamiento de anticuerpos monoclonales
    el caso de Argentina
    Author: Correa, Juan; Puente, Catalina de la; Picasso, Ramiro; Silvestrini, Constanza
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Ginebra, Suiza

    This research paper aims to identify, describe and analyze the patents on monoclonal antibodies granted by the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) of Argentina, from 2010 to 2020 inclusive. The research includes the protected subject... more

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    This research paper aims to identify, describe and analyze the patents on monoclonal antibodies granted by the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) of Argentina, from 2010 to 2020 inclusive. The research includes the protected subject matter and the universe of applicants, among other aspects. To this end, a database of patents and applications was created, where the characteristics of the patent applications and granted patents, ownership and nationality of the applicants, status of the applications, the time it takes to process a patent application and divisional patents are examined. The document also presents recommendations on public policy applicable to the examination of patent applications on monoclonal antibodies.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: Spanish
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283483
    Series: Documento de investigación / South Centre ; 186 (14 de noviembre de 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Argentina; Biologicals; Biologics; Biopharmaceuticals; Biosimilars; Intellectual Property; Monoclonal Antibodies; Patent; Public Health
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Potable intellectual property
    WTO TRIPS and EU geographical indication wines
    Author: Curzi, Daniele; Huysmans, Martijn; Haase, Oliver Ken
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  U.S.E. Research Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: U.S.E. working paper series ; nr: 23, 11
    Subjects: Geographical Indications; Wine; WTO; Intellectual Property; TRIPS
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. A response to COVID-19 and beyond
    expanding African capacity in vaccine production
    Author: Correa, Carlos María
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    The unequal global distribution of vaccines against the deadly COVID-19 virus has cast a spotlight on the lack of access to vaccines on the African continent, and the vulnerability that such a lack places on both the economies of African nations and... more

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    The unequal global distribution of vaccines against the deadly COVID-19 virus has cast a spotlight on the lack of access to vaccines on the African continent, and the vulnerability that such a lack places on both the economies of African nations and the health of their people. Various initiatives have been launched to overcome the dependence of African nations on vaccines produced elsewhere. If implemented in timely and effective ways, those initiatives will contribute to the diversification of African economies and strengthen the capacity of nations on the continent to address their public health needs during pandemics and at other times. While establishing a viable vaccine industry on the continent presents serious challenges, the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) can provide the framework for leveraging economies of scale to stimulate the production of needed vaccines across the region.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/278513
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 178 (22 May 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Access to Vaccines; Africa; African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA); African Union (AU); COVID-19; Global Health; Health; Intellectual Property; Pandemic; Public Health; Vaccine Equity; Vaccine Industry; Vaccine Inequity; Vaccine Nationalism; Vaccine Production; Vaccines
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten)
  12. Neglected dimension of the inventive step as applied to pharmaceutical and biotechnological products
    the case of Sri Lanka's patent law
    Author: Fernando, Ruwan
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    Apart from the basic statutory definition in section 65 of the Intellectual Property Act of Sri Lanka, there do not appear to be any detailed statutory guidelines or judicial decisions to provide any framework for the assessment of inventive step in... more

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    Apart from the basic statutory definition in section 65 of the Intellectual Property Act of Sri Lanka, there do not appear to be any detailed statutory guidelines or judicial decisions to provide any framework for the assessment of inventive step in Sri Lanka. The current statutory definition is highly insufficient to evaluate the standard of obviousness in relation to biotechnological and pharmaceutical claims based on a combination or modification of a prior art reference. The Courts in both developed and developing countries have adopted a variety of tests to evaluate the obviousness standard of a claimed invention based on a combination or modification of a prior art reference. Sri Lanka, as a developing country, should look at the development that has taken place in other jurisdictions and adapt the patent law to local conditions when developing tests or guidelines in a manner that is compatible with the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) and its biotechnology/pharmaceutical policy guidelines. This approach that is appropriate to Sri Lanka is twofold. First, it is most likely to prevent the issuance of patents on trivial or incremental inventions that do not provide any technical advance to the existing prior art and are a mere extension of what is already known in the prior art. Second, it is most likely to protect genuine technical advances to the existing prior art while at the same time enhancing competition and promoting local innovations so that the local researchers will be able to draw on the existing knowledge for the purpose of follow-on innovations.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/278606
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 180 (9 August 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Biotechnology; Health; Innovation; Intellectual Property; Inventive Step; Patent; Patent Law; Pharmaceuticals; Sri Lanka; TRIPS; TRIPS Agreement
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten)
  13. Promoting Jordan's use of compulsory licensing during the pandemic
    Author: Barqawi, Laila
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/278682
    Series: Research paper / South Centre ; 184 (15 September 2023)
    Subjects: Access to Medicines; Article 31bis; Compulsory Licenses; Compulsory Licensing; COVID-19; Emergency Use Authorization (EUA); Health; Intellectual Property; Jordan; Jordanian - US Free Trade Agreement (JUSFTA); Pandemic; Pharmaceuticals; TRIPS; TRIPS Agreement
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)