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  1. The sectoral trade losses from financial crises
    Author: Atsebi, Bédhat Jean-Marc; Combes, Jean-Louis; Minea, Alexandru
    Published: June 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The "Great Trade Collapse" triggered by the 2008-09 crisis calls for a careful assessment of the trade losses from financial crises. We adopt a more detailed perspective by looking at the response of different types of trade (i.e. agricultural,... more

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    The "Great Trade Collapse" triggered by the 2008-09 crisis calls for a careful assessment of the trade losses from financial crises. We adopt a more detailed perspective by looking at the response of different types of trade (i.e. agricultural, mining, and manufactured goods, and services) following various types of financial crises (i.e. debt, banking, and currency crises). Estimations performed on the 1980-2018 period using a combination of impact assessment and local projections to capture a causal dynamic effect running from financial crises to the trade activity show that the collapse of total trade is long-lasting and mainly driven by the fall of manufacturing and to some extent services trade. These causal effects are found to operate through three channels: a structural, a demand-side, and a supply-side channel. By contributing to the understanding of the trade effects of financial crises, our analysis provides insightful support for the design and implementation of policies aimed at coping with these effects

     
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  2. Human rights impact assessments as a new tool for development policy?
    Author: Baxewanos, Fabiane; Raza, Werner
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  ÖFSE, Wien

    Development policy affects human rights in manifold ways. For example, trade agreements can have an adverse impact on the rights to health or food by making essential medicines or goods less accessible or available. Or large-scale investment projects... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Development policy affects human rights in manifold ways. For example, trade agreements can have an adverse impact on the rights to health or food by making essential medicines or goods less accessible or available. Or large-scale investment projects influence indigenous rights when they entail resettlement programs or the expropriation of traditional lands. Policy-makers have tried to tackle these issues by employing various impact assessment tools. These include, inter alia, the Sustainability Impact Assessments of EU trade agreements, and the impact assessments of projects by development finance institutions, which are commonly based upon the IFC Performance Standards. Traditionally, economic and environmental effects are at the centre of the existing tools, while social effects are only included to a lesser extent. This paper argues that the existing tools are insufficient for reasons that concern their legal status, their methodology and, in particular, their effectiveness. Human Rights Impact Assessments (HRIA) promise to cure some of these shortcomings. In the paper, the specific added-value of HRIAs, methodological approaches and challenges, and potential fields of application of HRIAs in development policy will be addressed.

     
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/98807
    Series: Working paper / ÖFSE, Österreichische Forschungsstiftung für Internationale Entwicklung ; 37
    Subjects: Menschenrechte; Entwicklungshilfe; Entwicklungspolitik; Wirkungsanalyse; Welt; Human Rights; Impact Assessment; Development Policy
    Scope: Online-Ressource (30 S.)
  3. The sectoral trade losses from financial crises
    Author: Atsebi, Bédhat Jean-Marc; Combes, Jean-Louis; Minea, Alexandru
    Published: June 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The "Great Trade Collapse" triggered by the 2008-09 crisis calls for a careful assessment of the trade losses from financial crises. We adopt a more detailed perspective by looking at the response of different types of trade (i.e. agricultural,... more

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    The "Great Trade Collapse" triggered by the 2008-09 crisis calls for a careful assessment of the trade losses from financial crises. We adopt a more detailed perspective by looking at the response of different types of trade (i.e. agricultural, mining, and manufactured goods, and services) following various types of financial crises (i.e. debt, banking, and currency crises). Estimations performed on the 1980-2018 period using a combination of impact assessment and local projections to capture a causal dynamic effect running from financial crises to the trade activity show that the collapse of total trade is long-lasting and mainly driven by the fall of manufacturing and to some extent services trade. These causal effects are found to operate through three channels: a structural, a demand-side, and a supply-side channel. By contributing to the understanding of the trade effects of financial crises, our analysis provides insightful support for the design and implementation of policies aimed at coping with these effects

     
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  4. Macro-economic impact assessment of future changes in European marine ecosystem services
    Author: Bosello, Francesco; Delpiazzo, Elisa; Eboli, Fabio
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Milano

    The present research has been developed within the EU FP7 VECTORS project (http://www.marine-vectors.eu/). The main scope of the project (2011 - 2015) has been to evaluate, from a multilateral perspective, drivers, pressures and vectors of changes in... more

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    The present research has been developed within the EU FP7 VECTORS project (http://www.marine-vectors.eu/). The main scope of the project (2011 - 2015) has been to evaluate, from a multilateral perspective, drivers, pressures and vectors of changes in marine life of three main European seas (Baltic, Western Mediterranean, North), the mechanisms by which they do so and the impacts that they have on ecosystem structures and functioning as well as on economic activities and wellbeing. This paper describes the methodology, data elaboration and main results of a modelling exercise aiming to assess the economic effect of future changes in the EU marine ecosystem in the medium term (2030). We focus on those changes potentially affecting the fishing and the tourism sectors in two different IPCC SRES scenarios, the A2 and B1, varying in the future trends of population, GDP, prices, as well as the overall impact on environment. Sector-specific economic impacts are channeled through increases in fishing effort, due to lower availability of commercial fish species, and decrease in tourism demand following deterioration of marine ecosystem quality. Impacts on EU coastal countries Gross Domestic Product are negative and larger when the tourism sector is affected. This is explained by the much higher contribution of tourism than fishery in the production of value added. Negative impacts are also larger in the A2 than in the B1 scenario. The largest GDP losses due to adverse impacts on fishery are experienced by Spain (-0.13%), those related to tourism by Italy (almost -1%). Percent changes in sectoral production are notably larger than GDP ones: the largest contraction in fish sector production occurs in France (-24.7%). Notable decrease in coastal tourism demand occurs in Spain and the Netherlands. In general the Western Mediterranean is the most adversely affected region, whereas the Baltic Sea denotes a particular vulnerability to losses in tourism value added compared to the BAU. North Sea countries experience smaller losses.

     
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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/113921
    Series: Array ; 22.2015
    Subjects: Impact Assessment; Computable General Equilibrium; Fisheries; Tourism; Marine Ecosystem
    Scope: Online-Ressource ([1], 19 S.), graph. Darst.
  5. Sustainability impact assessment for improved food security
    the benefit of local stakeholder participation : the case of four villages in Dodoma and Morogoro Region, Tanzania
    Author: Schindler, Jana
    Published: 2017

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    Content information
    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Müller, Klaus (AkademischeR BetreuerIn); Grote, Ulrike (AkademischeR BetreuerIn); Kächele, Harald (AkademischeR BetreuerIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Impact Assessment; Food Security; smallholder agriculture; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 133 Seiten)
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    Dissertation, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, 2017
  6. The impact of the expansion of the Bolsa Família programme on the time allocation of youths and labour supply of adults
    Author: Chitolina, Lia; Foguel, Miguel Nathan; Menezes-Filho, Naercio Aquino
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Internat. Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth, Brasilia

    This paper evaluates the impact of the 2007 expansion of the Bolsa Família programme to families with youths aged 16 to 17 years (Benefício Variável Jovem) on the time allocation of youths and on the labour supply of adults. The... more

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    This paper evaluates the impact of the 2007 expansion of the Bolsa Família programme to families with youths aged 16 to 17 years (Benefício Variável Jovem) on the time allocation of youths and on the labour supply of adults. The differences-in-difference estimator was used to compare households among the poorest 20 per cent with youths of 16 years of age with households in the same income bracket with youths of 15 years of age. The results show that granting the benefit had a significant and positive impact on school attendance and on the decision of young people to study and work at the same time. The effects on school attendance were stronger for males and when the child was the youngest in the household. With respect to the labour supply of parents, a positive impact was found on the mothers' probability of employment.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/119805
    Series: Working paper / International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth ; 120
    Subjects: Bolsa Família Programme; Impact Assessment; Differences-in-Difference
    Scope: Online-Ressource ([24] S.)