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Displaying results 26 to 35 of 35.

  1. Using observable trade data to measure bilateral trade costs in sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Turkson, Festus Ebo
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham

    Following closely the analytical approach adopted by Head and Mayer (2004) and Novy (2010), this paper derives a micro-founded bilateral trade cost measure for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as a function of observable domestic and inter-national trade... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 252 (2012,6)
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    Following closely the analytical approach adopted by Head and Mayer (2004) and Novy (2010), this paper derives a micro-founded bilateral trade cost measure for sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as a function of observable domestic and inter-national trade data. The derived measure of trade cost by Novy (2010), consistent with the Ricardian and heterogeneous firm's models of trade, enables us to track changes in trade costs in SSA over time. This is a significant contribution to the trade cost literature in SSA because measures of many components of trade frictions in SSA have been unreliable. Based on bilateral trade data from BACI and production figures from the Trade, Production and Protection database by Nicita and Olarreaga (2007) for the period 1980-2003, our estimates of the tariff equivalent bilateral trade costs measure indicate that on average trade costs in SSA are relatively higher than other regions, confirming evidence which indicates trading costs in SSA to be the highest within the global trading system. The estimates indicate that SSA countries traded with each other at a lower cost than they did with other regions with the exception of the EU. Within SSA, member countries of economic blocs traded at relatively lower costs than trade with non-member countries. Using each of the main five economic blocs within SSA as a reference, overall average relative bilateral trade costs within bloc was significantly lower than across blocs. This paper therefore argues for increased efforts at regional integration within SSA to derive benefits from lower trade costs.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/65470
    Series: CREDIT research paper ; 12/06
    Subjects: Trade Costs; Gravity Model; Bilateral Exports; sub-Saharan Africa
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 30 S., 577,71 KB), graph. Darst.
  2. Trade agreements and bilateral trade in sub-Saharan Africa
    estimating the trade effects of the EU-ACP PTA and RTAs
    Author: Turkson, Festus Ebo
    Published: 2012
    Publisher:  Centre for Research in Economic Development and International Trade, Univ. of Nottingham, Nottingham

    This paper on Trade Agreements within SSA, is an assessment of the ex post bilateral trade effect of the European Union-African Caribbean Pacific Preferential Trade Agreement (EU-ACP PTA) and sub-regional regional trade agreements (RTAs) on bilateral... more

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    This paper on Trade Agreements within SSA, is an assessment of the ex post bilateral trade effect of the European Union-African Caribbean Pacific Preferential Trade Agreement (EU-ACP PTA) and sub-regional regional trade agreements (RTAs) on bilateral trade involving SSA countries. The main objective is to find out if EU trade preferences and regional trade agreements within SSA had increased trade flows. Estimating a gravity model augmented with measures of trade agreements, the paper made use of bilateral trade flows and key gravity covariates from CEPII database on 73 countries (48 SSA and 25 EU countries) over the period 1960-2006. After controlling for the endogeneity of the trade agreement dummy, accounting for multilateral price resistance and zero-valued trade flows, the findings indicate that the EU-ACP PTA and RTAs within ECOWAS and SADC have a positive and significant impact on bilateral trade involving SSA countries. In some cases the relative impact of the sub-regional RTAs was found to be stronger than the EU-ACP non-reciprocal PTA. The results therefore indicate the need for developing countries especially within SSA to focus on expanding and integrating regional markets in order to significantly improve trade performance.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/65446
    Series: CREDIT research paper ; 12/07
    Subjects: Trade Costs; Gravity Model; Bilateral Exports; International Trade; Domestic Trade; Developing Countries; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 34 S., 875,77 KB)
  3. Barriers to trade in financial and insurance services
    evidence from the United Kingdom
    Author: Podpiera, Jiří
    Published: October 2021
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Distance, as a proxy for trade barriers, is found in many studies to matter even for weightless cross-border financial investments and lending, possibly due to the presence of information asymmetries. Its importance is tested in this paper using... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Distance, as a proxy for trade barriers, is found in many studies to matter even for weightless cross-border financial investments and lending, possibly due to the presence of information asymmetries. Its importance is tested in this paper using exports of all five broad categories of the U.K.'s financial and insurance services. No trade barriers are found for the bulk of the U.K.'s exports. Trade barriers are confirmed only for interest-bearing activities - being in line with available results in the literature. The positive effect of EU membership appears to be small. Notwithstanding the uncertainties, it suggests that post-Brexit disruptions of the U.K.'s export of financial and insurance services may be minor

     
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  4. Geography matters
    spatial dimensions of trade, migration and growth = Eine Frage der Geographie: räumliche Dimensionen von Handel, Migration und Wachstum
    Author: Steinwachs, Thomas
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  ifo Institute, München

    This volume was prepared by Thomas Steinwachs while he was working at the ifo Center for International Economics. It was completed in September 2018 and accepted as a doctoral dissertation by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    This volume was prepared by Thomas Steinwachs while he was working at the ifo Center for International Economics. It was completed in September 2018 and accepted as a doctoral dissertation by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich (LMU). It is a collection of four self-contained essays which are included as separate chapters. Each chapter considers the spatial dimension of economic processes in applied empirical work, concerning measurement, data handling and econometric methodology. Chapter 1 applies an econometric gravity analysis to bilateral trade flows to assess how successful the European Schengen Agreement has been in boosting international trade. It proposes a new indicator variable to account for the plurilateral agreement's spatial dimension. Chapter 2 provides a gravity analysis of international migration flows to investigate the impact of natural disasters on the movement of people between countries. It employs spatially mapped geographic data on the physical intensity of natural disasters. Chapter 3 zooms in on the local growth effects of natural disasters and assesses the associated diversion of economic activity across space. For this purpose, it introduces a new database combining physical intensities of geological andmeteorological events with night-light emissions at spatially disaggregated grid cells. Chapter 4 further investigates the role of spatial connectivity for spillover transmission, exploiting geographic information on country borders and road networks. Diese Arbeit wurde von Thomas Steinwachs während seiner Tätigkeit am ifo Zentrum für Außenwirtschaft angefertigt. Sie wurde im September 2018 fertiggestellt und von der Volkswirtschaftlichen Fakultät der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München als Dissertation angenommen. Es handelt sich um eine Sammlung aus vier eigenständigen Aufsätzen in separaten Kapiteln. Jedes Kapitel betrachtet die räumliche Dimension ökonomischer Prozesse in angewandter empirischer Forschung. Hierbei spielen die Definition von Messgrößen, die Verarbeitung von Geodaten und die Auswahl der ökonometrischen Methodik eine tragende Rolle. Kapitel 1 wendet eine Gravitätsanalyse auf bilaterale Handelsströme an, um die Handelseffekte des Schengener Abkommens zu quantifizieren. Hierfür wird eine neue Indikatorvariable eingeführt, welche die räumliche Ausdehnung des plurilateralen Abkommens berücksichtigt. Kapitel 2 umfasst eine Gravitätsanalyse von Migrationsströmen zur Untersuchung der internationalen Migrationswirkungen von Naturkatastrophen. Hierbei kommen räumlich kartierte Geoinformationen zur physischen Intensität von Naturkatastrophen zum Einsatz. Kapitel 3 setzt den Fokus auf die lokalen Wachstumseffekte von Naturkatastrophen und untersucht die damit verbundenen räumlichen Umlenkungseffekte ökonomischer Aktivität. Zu diesem Zweck wird eine neue Datenbank vorgestellt, welche physische Intensitäten geologischer und meteorologischer Ereignisse mit Nachtlichtemissionsdaten auf räumlich desaggregierten Rasterzellen verknüpft. Kapitel 4 verwertet geografische Informationen zu Landesgrenzen und Straßennetzwerken, um die Rolle räumlicher Konnektivität bei der Übertragung externer Effekte zu erforschen.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783959420563
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/199079
    Series: ifo Beiträge zur Wirtschaftsforschung ; 81 (2019)
    Subjects: Trade Integration; European Integration; Schengen Agreement; Gravity Model; Natural Disasters; International Migration; Income Group Heterogeneity; Weather Shocks; Night-Light Emission; Growth; Spatial Spillovers; Grid Cell Analysis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 224 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Notes:

    Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe

    Dissertation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2018
  5. The WTO matters strongly over time, but unevenly across countries
    Author: Dutt, Pushan
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  INSEAD, [Fontainebleau]

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; 2018, 25
    Subjects: WTO; Preferential Trade Agreements; Gravity Model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The WTO is not passé
    Author: Dutt, Pushan
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  INSEAD, [Fontainebleau]

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Edition: Revised version of 2018/25/EPS
    Series: Array ; 2018, 39
    Subjects: WTO; Preferential Trade Agreements; Gravity Model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Can trade agreements curtail trade creation and prevent trade diversion?
    Author: Cheong, Juyoung; Kwak, Do Won; Tang, Kam Ki
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Univ. of Queensland, School of Economics, Brisbane

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    VS 17 (500)
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: School of Economics discussion papers series ; [500]
    Subjects: Preferential Trade Agreements; Trade Creation; Trade Diversion; Gravity Model
    Scope: Online-Ressource (23 S.)
  8. Intellectual property rights and international trade of agricultural products
    Author: Campi, Mercedes; Dueñas, Marco
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Laboratory of Economics and Management, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa

    This paper studies the effect of strengthening intellectual property rights (IPRs) after the signing of the TRIPS on agricultural trade and bilateral trade links, for the period 1995-2011. It uses data of agricultural exports and an index of... more

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    DS 203 (2014,12)
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    This paper studies the effect of strengthening intellectual property rights (IPRs) after the signing of the TRIPS on agricultural trade and bilateral trade links, for the period 1995-2011. It uses data of agricultural exports and an index of intellectual property (IP) protection that considers specificities of this sector, for a set of 60 economies that allows to study possible divergent results for developed and developing countries. The estimates show that stronger IPRs systems affect negatively total exports and imports of agricultural products, especially for developing countries. At a more disaggregated level, we found heterogeneous results depending on the sub-sectors, but the correlation is negative for most of them. The effect on trade links was investigated using a gravity model and we found that an increase in the IP protection levels is expected to have ambiguous effects depending on the sub-sector and l evel of development of trading country partners. The increase of IP protection of the exporter and the importer was investigated separately and, in some cases, asymmetric effects were found.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/119829
    Series: LEM working paper series ; 2014/12
    Subjects: Intellectual Property Rights; International Trade; Agriculture; Gravity Model
    Scope: Online-Ressource (28 S.), graph. Darst.
  9. Modern day slavery
    what drives human trafficking in Europe?
    Author: Hernández, Diego; Rudolph, Alexandra
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Courant Research Centre, Göttingen

    At a time of increased attention on the international agenda for human trafficking, this paper examines the determinants of human trafficking inflows to 13 European countries based on official records. By employing a fixed effects zero-inflated,... more

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 439 (97)
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    At a time of increased attention on the international agenda for human trafficking, this paper examines the determinants of human trafficking inflows to 13 European countries based on official records. By employing a fixed effects zero-inflated, negative binomial gravity-type model, we address data characteristics appropriately. The econometric analysis suggests that human trafficking occurs in well established routes for migrants and refugees. Victims are more likely to be transported to, and exploited in, host countries with suboptimal institutional quality levels. Countries whose nationals do not require a visa for short term visits are especially prone to being potential source countries. Legal status and regulation of commercial sex services does not affect the pattern of trafficking flows.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/90504
    Edition: Rev. November 2011
    Series: Discussion papers / Courant Research Centre ; 97
    Subjects: Human Trafficking; Gravity Model; Illegal Migration; International Organized Crime
    Scope: Online-Ressource ([2], 37 S.), graph. Darst.
  10. Dissecting the trade effects of Europe's economic integration agreements
    Author: Soete, Sophie; Van Hove, Jan
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  KU Leuven, Fac. of Economics and Business, Center for Economic Studies, Leuven

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper series / KU Leuven, Center for Economic Studies ; 15.05
    Subjects: Trade Agreements; European Union; Gravity Model; Panel Data; Margins of Trade
    Scope: Online-Ressource (31 S.), graph. Darst.