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  1. The impact of forecast errors on fiscal planning and debt accumulation
    Published: 04/2019
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, [Kiel]

    We investigate the impact of errors in medium run tax revenue forecasts on the final budget balance. Our analysis is based on fiscal data for the entirety of German states and takes advantage of revenue forecasts and respective errors that can be... more

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    We investigate the impact of errors in medium run tax revenue forecasts on the final budget balance. Our analysis is based on fiscal data for the entirety of German states and takes advantage of revenue forecasts and respective errors that can be considered as exogenously given in the budgeting process. We find that forecast errors at various forecast horizons translate considerably into the final budget balance, indicating that expenditure plans get only marginally adjusted when revenue forecasts get revised. Consequently, the accuracy of medium run forecasts considerably affects the sustainability of public finances. Our calculations suggest that a significant share of total debt of German states results from revenue forecasts that were too optimistic.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/196138
    Series: Kiel working paper ; no. 2123 (April 2019)
    Subjects: Fiscal policy; fiscal planning; medium run forecasting; budget balance; public debt
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. FIR-GEM
    a SOE-DSGE model for fiscal policy analysis in Ireland
    Published: March 27, 2019
    Publisher:  ESRI, Dublin

    This paper presents FIR-GEM: Fiscal IRish General Equilibrium Model. FIR-GEM is a small open economy DSGE model designed as fiscal toolkit for fiscal policy analysis in Ireland. To illustrate the model's potential for fiscal policy analysis, we... more

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    This paper presents FIR-GEM: Fiscal IRish General Equilibrium Model. FIR-GEM is a small open economy DSGE model designed as fiscal toolkit for fiscal policy analysis in Ireland. To illustrate the model's potential for fiscal policy analysis, we conduct three types of experiments. First, we analyse the fiscal transmission mechanism through which Irish fiscal policy affects the Irish economy. Second, we compute fiscal multipliers for the main tax-spending instruments, namely government consumption, public investment, public wage bill, public transfers, consumption, labour and capital tax. We focus on a fiscal policy stimulus that is either implemented through spending increases or tax cuts. Third, we perform robustness analysis on key structural characteristics that can affect quantitatively the size of fiscal multipliers. We find that the size of fiscal multipliers in the Irish economy heavily depends on its degree of openness, the method of fiscal financing employed, the elasticity of the sovereign risk premia to Irish debt dynamics and the flexibility of Irish labour and product markets.

     

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/228268
    Series: Working paper / ESRI ; no. 620 (March 2019)
    Subjects: Fiscal policy; DSGE; Ireland; Openness
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Countercyclical fiscal policy and gender employment gap
    evidence from the G-7 countries
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    Would countercyclical fiscal policy during recessions improve or worsen the gender employment gap? We give an answer to this question by exploring the state-dependent impact of fiscal spending shocks on employment by gender in the G-7 countries.... more

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    Would countercyclical fiscal policy during recessions improve or worsen the gender employment gap? We give an answer to this question by exploring the state-dependent impact of fiscal spending shocks on employment by gender in the G-7 countries. Using the local projection method, we find that, during recessions, a positive spending shock of 1 percent of GDP would, on average, lift female employment by 1 percent, while increasing male employment by 0.6 percent. Consequently such a shock would improve the female share of employment by 0.28 percentage point during recessions. Our findings are driven by disproportionate employment changes in female-friendly industries, occupations, and part-time jobs in response to fiscal spending shocks. The analysis suggests that fiscal stimulus, particularly during recessions, could achieve the twin objectives of supporting aggregate demand and improving gender gaps

     

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  4. Fiscal implications of government wage bill spending
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    This paper discusses the short- and medium-term fiscal implications of government wage bill spending. Working with a sample of 137 advanced, emerging and low-income countries, we use a panel VAR approach to identify differences in the dynamic... more

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    This paper discusses the short- and medium-term fiscal implications of government wage bill spending. Working with a sample of 137 advanced, emerging and low-income countries, we use a panel VAR approach to identify differences in the dynamic behavior of revenues, nonwage expenditures, and the overall fiscal balance in response to changes in the wage bill. We show that the interaction between wage bill changes and these three fiscal items is alike and varies overtime. Higher wage bill spending does not revert in the medium term, but the initial worsening of the fiscal balance associated with it, though it persists, eventually halves as revenues increase while non-wage spending remains broadly unchanged. We also show that countries differ in how these three fiscal variables behave following wage bill changes and seek to explain this variation by a set of country characteristics, including the level of development, access to natural resources and public indebtedness levels

     

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  5. When the cycle becomes the trend
    the emerging market experience with fiscal policy during the last commodity super cycle
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice, Washington, DC, USA

    Fiscal buffers have shrunk across the world. This paper argues that limited fiscal room in emerging market economies today is partly due to the commodity super cycle of 2000-15. The super cycle created the mirage that economic performance had... more

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    Fiscal buffers have shrunk across the world. This paper argues that limited fiscal room in emerging market economies today is partly due to the commodity super cycle of 2000-15. The super cycle created the mirage that economic performance had structurally improved, mistaking a long, commodity-fueled uptick in the business cycle for higher trend growth. This thinking supported fiscal expansions. When the commodity boom ended, it became apparent that countries had saved less than they should have, and that fiscal policy had, perhaps inadvertently, been pro-cyclical. It left countries with depleted fiscal buffers and large budgets when the cycle came to an end, limiting room for fiscal stimulus when needed. The paper illustrates the argument with reference to the South African experience

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 8712
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Fiscal policy; commodity super cycle; business cycles
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC)
    common policies of member countries and common policies in support of member countries reform programs : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The regional strategy has helped to avert an immediate crisis but continues to face headwinds: two countries have yet to enter financing arrangements with the Fund: regional reserves have underperformed despite higher-than-projected oil prices; the... more

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    The regional strategy has helped to avert an immediate crisis but continues to face headwinds: two countries have yet to enter financing arrangements with the Fund: regional reserves have underperformed despite higher-than-projected oil prices; the projected recovery of non-oil growth has still to materialize; and the security, social, and political context remains challenging. Consistent with the policy assurances it had provided, the BEAC has taken corrective actions, including an increase in its policy rate, to address the NFA underperformance and has made substantial progress toward finalizing by end-year the modernization of the monetary policy operational framework and the drafting of new foreign exchange regulations. A follow-up letter of support provides updated policy assurances on the NFA path. The medium-term outlook continues to see a gradual improvement in the economic and financial situation but is subject to substantial downside risks, including further delays in the approval of financial arrangements with Congo and Equatorial Guinea, lower oil prices, and tighter global financial conditions. The region continues to face daunting challenges to diversify its economy, with a poor business environment and high perception of corruption

     

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  7. Gabon
    third review under the extended arrangement under the extended fund facility, and requests for waiver of nonobservance of performance criterion, and modification of performance criterion : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Political risks appear to have subsided with the completion of legislative and local elections in October. The economy is slowly recovering, fiscal consolidation has continued, inflation has remained low, and the trade balance has improved. The... more

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    Political risks appear to have subsided with the completion of legislative and local elections in October. The economy is slowly recovering, fiscal consolidation has continued, inflation has remained low, and the trade balance has improved. The recovery is expected to firm up in 2019 and the medium-term outlook is still promising, although risks remain mostly tilted to the downside

     

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  8. Chad
    third review under the extended credit facility arrangement, request for waiver of nonobservance of performance criterion, and financing assurances review : press release; staff report and statement by the Executive Director for Chad
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    The current ECF arrangement (access of 160 percent of quota or SDR 224.32 million) was approved on June 30, 2017 in the context of a very difficult and deteriorating social, economic, and financial situation. The crisis was precipitated by the oil... more

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    The current ECF arrangement (access of 160 percent of quota or SDR 224.32 million) was approved on June 30, 2017 in the context of a very difficult and deteriorating social, economic, and financial situation. The crisis was precipitated by the oil price and security shocks that began in 2014, and the heavy burden of external commercial debt with Glencore. The restructuring of this debt in June 2018 paved the way for the completion of the second review in July 2018. Chad's stability is key for the regional security situation given its regional peace-keeping efforts

     

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  9. Kingdom of the Netherlands-Curaçao and Sint Maarten
    2018 Article IV consultation discussions : press release and staff report
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    Weak growth and underlying structural vulnerabilities persist in both Curacao and Sint Maarten. Worsened macroeconomic conditions-reflecting the spillovers from one of Curacao's largest trading partners and the devastation from Hurricanes Irma and... more

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    Weak growth and underlying structural vulnerabilities persist in both Curacao and Sint Maarten. Worsened macroeconomic conditions-reflecting the spillovers from one of Curacao's largest trading partners and the devastation from Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Sint Maarten-make the need for policy adjustment and structural reforms aimed at ensuring fiscal sustainability, enhancing competitiveness, strengthening investor confidence, and developing capacity more urgent

     

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  10. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    More than twelve years after achieving candidate status, FYR Macedonia's prospects for opening accession negotiations with the European Union are looking hopeful for the first time. The end of the political crisis has revived structural reforms, but... more

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    More than twelve years after achieving candidate status, FYR Macedonia's prospects for opening accession negotiations with the European Union are looking hopeful for the first time. The end of the political crisis has revived structural reforms, but investment is yet to gain a strong footing amid lingering uncertainties. Structural policies should focus on addressing longstanding weaknesses in the labor market, judiciary, and public administration to boost productivity and achieve faster income convergence. Macroeconomic policies should support this goal by rebuilding buffers and maintaining financial stability

     

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  11. Senegal
    fiscal transparency evaluation
    Published: January 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This paper discusses results of a fiscal transparency evaluation (FTE) in Senegal. This evaluation puts forward a number of recommendations that would enable Senegal to continue to improve its fiscal transparency while strengthening the fiscal risk... more

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    This paper discusses results of a fiscal transparency evaluation (FTE) in Senegal. This evaluation puts forward a number of recommendations that would enable Senegal to continue to improve its fiscal transparency while strengthening the fiscal risk management framework. The recommendations relate to five objectives and are accompanied by an Action Plan. Practical examples have been included in the report to back the various recommendations and facilitate their implementation. The paper also highlights that fiscal reporting practices in Senegal can be improved in light of the IMF's Fiscal Transparency Code. It has been observed that the fiscal and accounting reforms undertaken in the past few years can be expected to enhance fiscal transparency in the medium term. Project appraisal and selection mechanisms have recently been revamped and there is now more information regarding their feasibility available to the general public. The FTE finds that Senegal is positioned at the average level for countries of similar income and institutional capacity

     

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  12. Republic of Poland
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Alternate Executive Director for the Republic of Poland
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This 2018 Article IV Consultation discussions with the Republic of Poland focused on the strong growth upswing since 2017, which has been supported by three coincident cycles: a rebound in euro-area activity, a substantial increase in European Union... more

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    This 2018 Article IV Consultation discussions with the Republic of Poland focused on the strong growth upswing since 2017, which has been supported by three coincident cycles: a rebound in euro-area activity, a substantial increase in European Union transfers, and new large social benefit programs. It has been highlighted in the report that risks to the outlook for the Polish economy from external developments are elevated, while any slippage from prudent policies and sound governance principles could dent investors' risk appetite. Substantial adjustment in recent years has brought the medium-term objective within reach. Remaining adjustment should rely on sustainable, growth-friendly measures. The team recommended that independent and well-resourced financial supervision is essential for effective and even-handed oversight, particularly in a state-dominated financial system. Sustaining rapid income convergence as working-age population declines calls for durable increases in investment and productivity. Reforms should focus on removing existing barriers to investment, facilitating more reliable access to skilled labor, enhancing predictability of policy changes, and providing a level playing field for all investors by protecting the rights of minority shareholders and ensuring competition

     

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  13. Italy
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Italy
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that Italy has been struggling with low economic growth and poor social outcomes and structural weaknesses have been at the core of this economic underperformance. Growth is projected to slow further, and... more

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    This 2018 Article IV Consultation highlights that Italy has been struggling with low economic growth and poor social outcomes and structural weaknesses have been at the core of this economic underperformance. Growth is projected to slow further, and the risk of recession has risen. The extent to which risks materialize depends largely on Italy's policies. The authorities felt strongly that a fiscal stimulus is needed to promote economic growth and improve social outcomes. The authorities are also seeking to reduce temporary employment and support job search. The report suggests that faster potential growth is the only durable way for Italy to improve outcomes and enhance resilience. A package of structural reforms, a credible fiscal consolidation based on growth-friendly and inclusive measures, and bank balance sheet strengthening structural reforms, fiscal policy, and financial stability are also recommended. As by facilitating re-alignment of wages with productivity at the firm and regional levels, Italy's high structural unemployment would fall, as would the continued heavy resort to temporary employment

     

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  14. The Kingdom of the Netherlands-Netherlands
    2019 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Kingdom of the Netherlands-Netherlands
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the Dutch economy has grown faster than the euro area average over the past few years reflecting recovering consumption and investment, and strong net exports. Progress with tackling long-standing... more

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    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the Dutch economy has grown faster than the euro area average over the past few years reflecting recovering consumption and investment, and strong net exports. Progress with tackling long-standing imbalances in the households and corporate sectors, and thus external imbalances, has lagged. Households remain highly leveraged and their consumption constrained by a stagnating disposable income. In the corporate sector, dominated by large multinational corporations, investment is low but savings are high, and developments are diverging with domestic small and medium enterprises relatively stagnant. Strong fiscal performance in recent years has boosted buffers that can now be used to reduce distortions and strengthen potential growth. The report recommends that it is important to harmonize tax benefits and social security contributions for different types of employment to reduce labor market duality while increasing overall labor market flexibility. Using fiscal space to address household and corporate imbalances is desirable and is unlikely to jeopardize long-term fiscal sustainability

     

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  15. Republic of Croatia
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Croatia
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic expansion continues, driven primarily by private consumption and exports of goods and services. Discussions primarily focused on increasing the economy's flexibility and resilience. Fiscal... more

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    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the economic expansion continues, driven primarily by private consumption and exports of goods and services. Discussions primarily focused on increasing the economy's flexibility and resilience. Fiscal performance has been strong, however, the materialization of contingent liabilities from government guarantees is likely to reduce the overall surplus. Low public and private investment, and continued emigration appear to weigh on medium-term growth prospects. Downside risks in the near-term stem could be due to possible changes in regional or global economic and financial conditions, and the further realization of contingent liabilities. The IMF staff advocated for a moderately faster fiscal adjustment. The report recommends accelerating the pace of debt reduction that would build fiscal space and help reduce downside risks. The Central Bank may need to address potentially tighter external conditions while continuing with strong bank supervision and macroprudential policies. Additional measures to prevent excessive household borrowing could be considered if needed

     

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  16. Republic of Fiji
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release and staff report
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the economy is recovering well from several natural disasters, supported by accommodative fiscal and monetary policies. Growth performance picked up in recent years with improved political stability,... more

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    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the economy is recovering well from several natural disasters, supported by accommodative fiscal and monetary policies. Growth performance picked up in recent years with improved political stability, though average growth rates were still lower than in other emerging and developing countries. Fiscal buffers have been used and external conditions, including oil prices and growth prospects of main trading partners, are becoming less favorable. Improving the overall business environment and governance is expected to raise potential growth by mobilizing private investment, enhancing productivity, and diversifying the economy. An improvement in the overall business environment is essential to achieve the ambitious growth targets laid out in the National Development Plan. Streamlining procedures to do business, accelerating the activation of the credit reporting agency, and reducing tax compliance costs has been recommended

     

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  17. Nepal
    selected issues
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Selected Issues paper examines the degree to which inflation co-moves between India and a panel of countries in Asia. The paper shows that the considerable co-movement in headline inflation rates between India and Nepal is driven almost... more

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    This Selected Issues paper examines the degree to which inflation co-moves between India and a panel of countries in Asia. The paper shows that the considerable co-movement in headline inflation rates between India and Nepal is driven almost exclusively by food-inflation co-movement. By contrast, the role for inflation spillovers emanating from India in driving non-food inflation in Nepal appears limited. The implication is that Nepal should rely on domestic monetary policy rather than stable inflation in India to achieve stable domestic inflation. The main takeaway from the results is that food inflation co-movement between India and other countries is higher in cases where the co-movement in rainfall deviations from seasonal norms is highest. Since core inflation co-movement is weak, idiosyncratic domestic factors such as economic slack, exchange-rate movements, and differing degrees of passthrough from food- and energy-price shocks play an important role. This finding is critically important for monetary policy, especially since domestic policy is primarily effective only in controlling core inflation. Thus, domestic monetary policy needs to be calibrated to domestic inflationary pressures-Nepal cannot necessarily rely on stable inflation in India to achieve stable domestic inflation

     

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  18. Republic of Slovenia
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for Republic of Slovenia
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the continued structural reforms are key to ensure long-term prosperity, while strengthening the economy's resilience to shocks. Effective implementation of the recently enacted reforms of vocational... more

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    This Article IV Consultation highlights that the continued structural reforms are key to ensure long-term prosperity, while strengthening the economy's resilience to shocks. Effective implementation of the recently enacted reforms of vocational training, apprenticeship, and adult education would help address skill shortages, support employment of younger and older people, and boost productivity growth. Macro-financial legacy issues remain in bank and corporate balance sheets, including small and medium enterprises' nonperforming loans. Structural challenges persist with low productivity growth, skills shortages, high tax wedge, heavy regulatory system, and extensive presence of state-owned enterprises. Policies should focus on fiscal and structural reforms to rebuild fiscal buffers and increase productivity. Slovenia's external position in 2018 is assessed as substantially stronger than suggested by fundamentals and desirable policies; however the current account is expected to revert toward its norm in the medium term. Continued structural reforms are key to ensure long-term prosperity, while strengthening the economy's resilience to shocks. Effective implementation of the recently enacted reforms of vocational training, apprenticeship, and adult education would help address skill shortages, support employment of younger and older people, and boost productivity growth

     

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  19. Australia
    selected issues
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Selected Issues paper evaluates Australia's experience with its principles-based fiscal framework. A key contribution of the paper is an evaluation of whether the medium-term budget balance anchor remains suitable in the post-Global Financial... more

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    This Selected Issues paper evaluates Australia's experience with its principles-based fiscal framework. A key contribution of the paper is an evaluation of whether the medium-term budget balance anchor remains suitable in the post-Global Financial Crisis (GFC) economic environment. This paper analyzes the medium-term fiscal strategy (MTFS) in the context of the principles underlying the fiscal framework and offers suggestions for reinforcement. Comparing the alternative and current fiscal policy toolkits under a downside scenario demonstrates possible improvements to fiscal outcomes. The evaluation outlines that the operational principles of the MTFS have been consistent with the broad principles for sound fiscal policy laid out in the Charter, although implementation has involved difficult trade-offs. Options to deal with the treatment of debt, its accountability framework and its fiscal policy toolkit should help strengthen the statement and implementation of Australia's fiscal strategy and reinforce its fiscal framework in the current and prospective economic environment

     

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  20. Republic of Palau
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the Republic of Palau
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation discussions with the Republic of Palau focused on ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability, making potential growth more resilient and sustainable, and preserving financial stability and facilitating credit extension. The... more

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    This Article IV Consultation discussions with the Republic of Palau focused on ensuring long-term fiscal sustainability, making potential growth more resilient and sustainable, and preserving financial stability and facilitating credit extension. The consultation discussions also highlight that the main economic policy priorities for Palau are to develop a medium-term fiscal framework and strategy to help manage fiscal risks and the expiration of the Compact grants, to raise public investment, to protect social spending, to make growth more resilient and sustainable through other reforms, and to preserve financial stability and integrity. The current fiscal policy approach is based on the legal requirement to maintain a balanced or surplus cash flow for various parts of the budget. While this fiscal policy strategy has resulted in overall budget surpluses and a decline in net debt, the move to a medium-term fiscal framework and strategy would help Palau to address future challenges

     

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  21. United Arab Emirates
    2018 Article IV consultation : press release; staff report; and statement by the Executive Director for the United Arab Emirates
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Article IV Consultation highlights that UAE has successfully weathered recent external shocks, because of its large financial buffers, diversified economy, and strong policy response. The economy is starting to recover from the 2015-16 slowdown... more

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    This Article IV Consultation highlights that UAE has successfully weathered recent external shocks, because of its large financial buffers, diversified economy, and strong policy response. The economy is starting to recover from the 2015-16 slowdown caused by a decline in oil prices. Growth momentum is expected to strengthen in the next few years, helped by higher oil output, increased public investment, and stepped-up structural reforms. Gradual and growth-friendly fiscal consolidation should resume once the recovery gains momentum to ensure intergenerational equity. Key priorities have been highlighted to raise spending efficiency, continue diversifying revenues, firmly anchor fiscal policy, and improve policy coordination and management of fiscal risks. The report also discusses that realizing the government's Vision 2021 requires strong effort to foster productivity growth and increase the private sector's role in the economy

     

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  22. The interaction between fiscal and monetary policies
    evidence from Sweden
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  Sveriges Riksbank, Stockholm

    This paper estimates the interaction between monetary- and fiscal policy using a structural VAR model with time-varying parameters. For demand and supply shocks, the two policies are estimated to be complementary, while for monetary and fiscal... more

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    This paper estimates the interaction between monetary- and fiscal policy using a structural VAR model with time-varying parameters. For demand and supply shocks, the two policies are estimated to be complementary, while for monetary and fiscal policies shocks the two policies act as substitutes. The budget elasticity varies between 0.3-0.6, indicating that an economic downturn can get a non-negligible negative impact on public finances. The fiscal multiplier is estimated to be stable and higher than one suggesting that fiscal policy can be used to support monetary policy to stabilize the economy in case monetary policy is constrained by the lower effective bound.

     

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215443
    Edition: (Updated april 2019)
    Series: Sveriges Riksbank working paper series ; 365
    Subjects: Fiscal policy; monetary policy; time-varying parameter structural; VAR; zero and sign restrictions; Bayesian estimation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Fiscal policy review of Arab States 2019
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  United Nations, Beirut

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Vereinte Nationen, Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (VerfasserIn)
    Subjects: Fiscal policy; Sustainable development; Tax reform
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Brunei Darussalam
    2019 Article IV consultation : press release and staff report
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This 2019 Article IV Consultation highlights that Brunei's economy has been adjusting to declining oil production since 2010 and lower oil and gas (O and G) prices since 2014, with the authorities undertaking wide-ranging reforms. Growth is expected... more

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    This 2019 Article IV Consultation highlights that Brunei's economy has been adjusting to declining oil production since 2010 and lower oil and gas (O and G) prices since 2014, with the authorities undertaking wide-ranging reforms. Growth is expected to pick up in 2019 to 1.8 percent, with the outlook improving further over the medium term, driven by stronger O and G activities from asset rejuvenation and large foreign direct investment projects. The authorities have made substantial progress in fiscal consolidation, improving the business climate, and developing the financial sector. The fiscal consolidation initiatives include corporatization and privatization, public-private partnership, evaluation of subsidies against targets, fiscal management enhancement, revenue diversification, and amalgamation of the government's asset management system. The IMF staff supports the authorities' initiatives to develop the financial sector, while safeguarding financial stability and integrity. The initiatives include steps to broaden the investor base, establish a secondary bond market, develop the required infrastructure and rules for establishing a stock exchange, and put all the three pillars of Basel II in place

     

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  25. Russian Federation
    fiscal transparency evaluation update
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

    This Technical Assistance paper on the Russian Federation provides a summary of the changes to Russia's fiscal transparency practices since 2014 and makes recommendations for further improvements. Russia has made important progress in enhancing the... more

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    This Technical Assistance paper on the Russian Federation provides a summary of the changes to Russia's fiscal transparency practices since 2014 and makes recommendations for further improvements. Russia has made important progress in enhancing the coverage and detail of fiscal reporting since 2014, but assurances of the quality and integrity of fiscal reporting remain incomplete. Reforms to the statistical treatment of taxes and nonfinancial assets have improved the comparability of budgets, statistics, and accounts but transparent reconciliations between the three are still not provided. It is imperative to make Rosstat fully independent of government and produce and publish metadata explaining in an accessible way how the main fiscal indicators or datasets are compiled. The ministry of finance has initiated an annual assessment of the quality of loans and will begin writing-down the value of doubtful debts from 2020. Separate detailed reconciliations of changes to revenue and expenditure are included in the documentation accompanying the annual budget

     

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