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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 213.

  1. How should shale gas extraction be taxed?
    Author: Daniel, Philip; Krupnick, Alan J.; Matheson, Thornton; Mullins, Peter; Parry, Ian W. H.; Świstak, Artur
    Published: November 2017
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    This paper suggests that the environmental and commercial features of shale gas extraction do not warrant a significantly different fiscal regime than recommended for conventional gas. Fiscal policies may have a role in addressing some environmental... more

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    This paper suggests that the environmental and commercial features of shale gas extraction do not warrant a significantly different fiscal regime than recommended for conventional gas. Fiscal policies may have a role in addressing some environmental risks (e.g., greenhouse gases, scarce water, local air pollution) though in some cases their net benefits may be modest. Simulation analyses suggest, moreover, that special fiscal regimes are generally less important than other factors in determining shale gas investments (hence there appears little need for them), yet they forego significant revenues

     
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  2. Are elasticities of taxable income rising?
    Author: Klemm, Alexander; Liu, Li; Mylonas, Victor; Wingender, Philippe
    Published: June 2018
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    This paper assesses a possible explanation for the global downward trend in top personal income tax rates over the last decades: globalization and the related tax evasion and avoidance opportunities could have raised elasticities of taxable income,... more

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    This paper assesses a possible explanation for the global downward trend in top personal income tax rates over the last decades: globalization and the related tax evasion and avoidance opportunities could have raised elasticities of taxable income, which would imply lower optimal tax rates. The paper estimates elasticities of taxable income for top income earners using a large sample of economies and years with a common method, allowing an analysis of trends in such elasticities. The paper finds that elasticities do not appear to exhibit any clear pattern over the years. The downward trend in tax rates must have other possible explanations, which are briefly discussed

     
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  3. Progressive taxation of extractive resources as second-best optimal policy
    Author: Wen, Jean-François
    Published: June 2018
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The paper provides a critical review of the literature on the concept of progressivity in the taxation of petroleum and mineral resources and offers a fresh perspective on its purpose and measurement. Regressive taxes, such as royalties, exist to... more

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    The paper provides a critical review of the literature on the concept of progressivity in the taxation of petroleum and mineral resources and offers a fresh perspective on its purpose and measurement. Regressive taxes, such as royalties, exist to satisfy policy objectives other than revenue maximization, such as achieving early revenues, while rent-based or profit-sensitive fiscal instruments must be designed with progressive marginal rates to maximize government revenues. Hence, the emphasis should be placed on tax rate progression of the direct taxation of profit or rent, rather than progressivity in the overall government take. However, as regressive taxes, by their very nature, tend to be distortionary, the optimal degree of progression in the rent- or profit-tax rates must take these distortions into account. The central ideas are illustrated with a simple analytical model in which a second-best optimal tax rate schedule on profit is characterized in the presence of the tax distortions caused by the regressive taxes. Some practical implications of the analysis are discussed

     
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  4. The social preferences of democratically elected decision makers and the conflict between wealth generation and distribution
    Author: Gaudeul, Alexia; Keser, Claudia
    Published: November 2017
    Publisher:  CIRANO, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations, Montréal

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Scientific series / CIRANO, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations ; 2017s, 25
    Subjects: Altruism; Democracy; Earned role; Efficiency; Elitism; Entitlement effect; Inequality; Majority-rule; Meritocracy; Social preferences
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Likelihood inference and the role of initial conditions for the dynamic panel data model
    Author: Barbosa, Jose Diogo; Moreira, Marcelo J.
    Published: outubro de 2017
    Publisher:  Escola de Pós-Graduação em Economia da Fundação Getulio Vargas, Rio de Janeiro

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10438/18902
    Edition: This version: January 16, 2017
    Series: Ensaios econômicos ; no 788
    Subjects: Autoregressive; Panel Data; Invariance; Efficiency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten)
  6. Efficiency, productivity, and scale economies in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry
    Author: Cummins, John David; Xie, Xiaoying
    Published: [2011]
    Publisher:  University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center], [Philadelphia, PA

    The paper examines efficiency, productivity and scale economies in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry. Productivity change is analyzed using Malmquist indices, and efficiency is estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results... more

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    The paper examines efficiency, productivity and scale economies in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry. Productivity change is analyzed using Malmquist indices, and efficiency is estimated using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The results indicate that the majority of firms below median size in the industry are operating with increasing returns to scale, and the majority of firms above median size are operating with decreasing returns to scale. However, a significant number of firms in each size decile have achieved constant returns to scale. Over the sample period, the industry experienced significant gains in total factor productivity, and there is an upward trend in scale and allocative efficiency. More diversified firms, stock insurers, and insurance groups were more likely to achieve efficiency and productivity gains. Higher technology investment is positively related to efficiency and productivity improvements

     
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    Edition: This draft: December 30, 2011
    Series: Weiss Center working papers ; 11,08
    Subjects: Efficiency; Productivity; Scale Economies; Property-Liability Insurance; DEA; Malmquist indices
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten)
  7. Malthusian stagnation is efficient
    Author: Córdoba Muñoz, Juan C.; Liu, Xiying
    Published: 11-27-2016
    Publisher:  Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Ames, Iowa

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Iowa State University, Department of Economics ; number 16010
    Subjects: Efficiency; endogenous fertility; stochastic abilities
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  8. Cooperation, competition and entry in a tullock contest
    Author: Grandjean, Gilles; Tellone, Daniela; Vergrote, Wouter
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  CORE, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2078.1/177099
    Series: CORE discussion papers ; 2016, 32
    Subjects: Network Formation; Tullock Contest; Participation Constraints; Efficiency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  9. Who's afraid of aggregating money metrics?
    Author: Bosmans, Kristof; Decancq, Koen; Ooghe, Erwin
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  CORE, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2078.1/177315
    Series: CORE discussion papers ; 2016, 35
    Subjects: Money metric utility; Transfer principle; Efficiency
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Efficient and (or) fair allocations under market-clearing constraints
    Author: Ishida, Wataru; Iwase, Yusuke; Kumano, Taro
    Published: September, 2024
    Publisher:  Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan

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    Series: Array ; no. 24, 004
    Subjects: Efficiency; Fairness; Matching
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. On trade models with variable markups and pareto-distributed productivity
    Author: Aiba, Ikuto; Tadokoro, Atsushi
    Published: October, 2024
    Publisher:  Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University, Kyoto City, Japan

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; no. 24, 007
    Subjects: Monopolistic competition; Firm heterogeneity; Efficiency; Pro-competitive effect; Gains from trade
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. An efficient, computationally tractable school choice mechanism
    Author: McLennan, Andrew; Takayama, Shino; Tamura, Yuki
    Published: February 2024
    Publisher:  University of Queensland, [Brisbane]

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    Series: Discussion paper series / UQ School of Economics ; no. 668
    Subjects: School Choice; Object Allocation; Efficiency; Fairness; Strategy Proofness; Probabilistic Serial Mechanism; Hall’s Marriage Theorem
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten)
  13. Selection and improvement
    physician responses to financial incentives
    Author: Barro, Jason R.; Beaulieu, Nancy Dean
    Published: 2003
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    Series: NBER working paper series ; 10017
    Subjects: Ärzte; Krankenhaus; Vergütungssystem; Erfolgsbeteiligung; Schätzung; USA; Efficiency; Models, Econometric; Motivation; Physicians; Physicians; Salaries and Fringe Benefits
    Scope: 34 S, graph. Darst
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    Internetausg.: papers.nber.org/papers/w10017.pdf - lizenzpflichtig
  14. Tax expenditure and the cost of labour taxation
    an application to company car taxation
    Author: Laine, Benoit; Van Steenbergen, Alex
    Published: June 2017
    Publisher:  Federal Planning Bureau, Brussels

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    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Federal Planning Bureau ; 17, 7
    Subjects: Efficiency; Optimal Taxation; Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Personal Income Tax and Subsidies; Transportation: Demand; Supply and Congestion
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  15. Efficiency with endogenous population and fixed resources
    Author: Córdoba Muñoz, Juan C.; Liu, Xiying
    Published: 11-2018
    Publisher:  Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Ames, Iowa

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Iowa State University, Department of Economics ; number 18017
    Subjects: Efficiency; optimal population; endogenous fertility; stochastic abilities; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (ca 38 Seiten)
  16. Market design for distributional objectives in (re)assignment
    an application to improve the distribution of teachers in Schools
    Author: Combe, Julien; Dur, Umut Mert; Tercieux, Olivier; Terrier, Camille; Ünver, M. Utku
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA

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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Boston College working papers in economics ; 1050
    Subjects: Matching Theory; Market Design; Priority Design; Teacher Reassignment; Status-quo Improvement; Fairness; Efficiency; Distributional Welfare Measures
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Health systems resilience during COVID-19
    lessons for building back better
    Contributor: Sagan, Anna (HerausgeberIn); Webb, Erin (HerausgeberIn); Azzopardi-Muscat, Natasha (HerausgeberIn); Mata, Isabel de la (HerausgeberIn); McKee, Martin (HerausgeberIn); Figueras, Josep (HerausgeberIn)
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark

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    Contributor: Sagan, Anna (HerausgeberIn); Webb, Erin (HerausgeberIn); Azzopardi-Muscat, Natasha (HerausgeberIn); Mata, Isabel de la (HerausgeberIn); McKee, Martin (HerausgeberIn); Figueras, Josep (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289051873
    Series: Health policy series ; 56
    Subjects: Health Systems Plans – Organization And Administration; Health Management And Planning; Health Policy; Covid-19; Health Emergencies; Efficiency; Organizational – Economics
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 138 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. India's progress on its climate action plan
    an update in early 2022
    Author: Mukherjee, Mohua
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, [Oxford]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9781784671983
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/253285
    Series: Array ; 11
    Subjects: Climate Action; decarbonization; Efficiency; Energy Transition; India; Renewables
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Transport infrastructure and technical efficiency in a panel of countries: accounting for endogeneity in a stochastic frontier model
    Author: Melo Becerra, Ligia Alba; Ramírez-Giraldo, María Teresa
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Banco de la Republica Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 20.500.12134/10251
    Series: Borradores de economía ; no. 1187 (2021)
    Subjects: Transport infrastructure; Stochastic frontier; Efficiency; Endogeneity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. (In)efficient commuting and migration choices
    theory and policy in an urban search model
    Author: Marchiori, Luca; Pascal, Julien; Pierrard, Olivier
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Institut de recherche économiques et sociales, UC Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 2078.1/259644
    Series: LIDAM discussion paper IRES ; 2022, 06
    Subjects: Migration; Commuting; Urban search-and-matching; Efficiency; Policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten)
  21. Organizational ambidexterity and long-term success
    multiperspective studies on culture, HRM, and leadership
    Author: Hölzl, Lukas
    Published: [2022]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
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    Subjects: Organisationale Ambidextrie; Führung; Organisationskultur; Personalpolitik; EDIS-5177; Mitarbeiter Wohlbefinden; innovation; employee well-being; Efficiency; long-term success; Langzeiterfolg; Effizienz; Personalmanagement; Innovation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 280 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Dissertation, Universität St. Gallen, 2021
  22. Social versus individual work preferences
    implications for optimal income taxation
    Author: An, Zhiyong; Coady, David P.
    Published: 2022 MAR
    Publisher:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    The benchmark optimal income taxation model of Mirrlees (1971) finds that the optimal marginal income tax rate (MIT) is always non-negative. A key model assumption is the coincidence between social and individual work preferences. This paper extends... more

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    Orient-Institut Beirut
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    The benchmark optimal income taxation model of Mirrlees (1971) finds that the optimal marginal income tax rate (MIT) is always non-negative. A key model assumption is the coincidence between social and individual work preferences. This paper extends the model to allow for differences in social and individual work preferences. The theoretical and simulation analyses show that under this model, when the government places a higher social weight on work than individuals, the optimal MIT schedule is shifted downwards, introducing the possibility for optimal wage subsidies at the bottom of the income distribution. This implies lower revenues, demogrants, and overall progressivity

     
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  23. Essays on Automation, Inequality, and Macroeconomic Performance
    Author: Koru, Ömer Faruk
    Published: 2021

    In the first chapter, I provide a theory that links automation to the top income inequality. I construct a model in which managing labor is harder than managing capital. Hence, an improvement in automation enables entrepreneurs to scale up their... more

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    In the first chapter, I provide a theory that links automation to the top income inequality. I construct a model in which managing labor is harder than managing capital. Hence, an improvement in automation enables entrepreneurs to scale up their production. This leads highly productive entrepreneurs to capture a larger fraction of the market and hence this increases top income inequality. I show that the shape parameter of the Pareto distribution that characterizes the right tail of income distribution is inversely related to the automation parameter. Using cross-industry and cross-country data, I provide empirical support for the model's prediction.In the second chapter, I quantitatively analyze the impact of improvements in automation technology on top wealth shares. I incorporate the production function that I consider in the first chapter into an Aiyagari model with entrepreneurs and a financial friction. An improvement in automation technology impacts wealth concentration through two channels: first, it increases the return to entrepreneurial skill; second, it increases dispersion to return to capital. I calibrate the model to the 1968 US economy and increased the automation parameter to the 2016 value. Comparing the two steady-states, the model generates one-fourth of the observed increase in wealth share of the top 1% and explains 10% of the observed increase in the top 0.1%. In consumption equivalence terms, workers' welfare increases by 5%, and entrepreneurs' welfare increases by 8%. The third chapter examines the strong positive correlation between job-to-job transition rates and nominal wage growth in the U.S. First, using time series regressions, structural monetary policy shocks, and survey data on search effort we provide evidence that inflationary shocks cause higher job-to-job transitions in the subsequent years. Second, we build a model with aggregate shocks and competitive on-the-job search in which wages react sluggishly to inflation. Third, we calibrate the model to the U.S. economy and find that the output response to inflation shock is non-monotonic. The monetary authority can stimulate productivity with an inflationary shock through job-to-job transitions.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798535569482
    Series: Dissertations Abstracts International
    Subjects: Income inequality; Equilibrium; Quantitative analysis; Efficiency; Income distribution; Business income; Monetary policy; Labor market
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (168 p.)
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    Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-03, Section: A. - Advisor: Krueger, Dirk;Cole, Harold L

    Dissertation (Ph.D.), University of Pennsylvania, 2021
  24. Managerial Attention, Technological Knowledge, and Firm Performance
    Author: Boynton, Dylan
    Published: 2021

    Knowledge combination is a fundamental component of technological invention, which is a driver of new economic opportunities and firm growth. Yet, evidence suggests that myriad organizational factors, including managers, weigh heavily on the ability... more

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    Knowledge combination is a fundamental component of technological invention, which is a driver of new economic opportunities and firm growth. Yet, evidence suggests that myriad organizational factors, including managers, weigh heavily on the ability of firms to productively use R&D capabilities. This dissertation argues that managerial attention plays an important role in explaining how firms derive value from knowledge combination and innovation. Attention—characterized by the selective application of time and focus of managers—shapes how firms view their environment, understand potential applications for new resources, and formulate strategy. To unpack the relationship between managerial attention and a firm’s technological resources derived from knowledge combination, the theoretical foundations of this dissertation are motivated by integrating the elements of the attention-based view with Edith Penrose’s theory on the growth of the firm. In Chapter 1, I consider the interplay between the temporal focus of managerial attention and a firm’s pattern of technological search. I find support for hypotheses predicting a significant impact on levels of firm growth. In Chapter 2, I examine the external-facing role of attention as a signal to investors, and how the communication of managers interacts with a firm’s observable pattern of technological search to influence how a firm’s technologies are valued by those investors, finding empirical support for my hypothesis that alignment between managerial attention and a firm’s technological search is positively associated with the valuation of that firm’s new technology. Chapter 3 has two objectives which aim to expand on the insights offered in the first two chapters. I craft a modest theoretical comparison of Penrose’s theory related to profitable growth with the attention-based view of the firm and extend the empirical analysis of Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 to further test the relationship between attention and knowledge combination. .

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9798538139163
    Series: Dissertations Abstracts International
    Subjects: Innovations; Datasets; Perceptions; Audiences; Exploitation; Communication; Hypotheses; Knowledge; Dissertations & theses; Performance evaluation; Influence; Efficiency; Competition; Penrose, Edith; Firm Growth; Innovation; Knowledge Combination; Managerial Attention
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (217 p.)
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    Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-04, Section: A. - Advisor: Ocasio, William

    Dissertation (Ph.D.), Northwestern University, 2021
  25. Characterizing pairwise strategy-proof rules in object allocation problems with money
    Author: Shinozaki, Hiroki
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    We consider the problem of allocating a single object to the agents with payments. Agents have preferences that are not necessarily quasi-linear. We characterize the class of rules satisfying pairwise strategy-proofness and non-imposition by the... more

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    We consider the problem of allocating a single object to the agents with payments. Agents have preferences that are not necessarily quasi-linear. We characterize the class of rules satisfying pairwise strategy-proofness and non-imposition by the priority rule. Our characterization result remains valid even if we replace pairwise strategy-proofness by either weaker effectively pairwise strategy-proofness or stronger group strategy-proofness. By exploiting our characterization, we identify the class of rules satisfying both the properties that are in addition (i) onto, (ii) welfare continuous, (iii) minimally fair , (iv) constrained efficient within the class of rules satisfying both the properties, or (v) revenue undominated within the class of rules satisfying the properties, and find the tension between minimal properties of efficiency, fairness, and revenue maximization under pairwise strategy-proofness.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/267799
    Series: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1187
    Subjects: Pairwise strategy-proofness; Effectively pairwise strategy-proofness; Group strategy-proofness; Non-imposition; Efficiency; Fairness; Revenue maximization; Priority rules
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)