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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 571.

  1. Exporting and endogenous workplace amenities under monopsonistic competition
    Author: Abashishvili, Avtandil
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

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    Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Print
    ISBN: 9783969731741
    Series: Ruhr economic papers ; #1008
    Subjects: Monopsonistic competition; workplace quality; wages; exporting; gains from trade
    Scope: 22 Seiten, Diagramm
  2. Services trade and labour market outcomes in the United Kingdom
    Author: Lassmann, Andrea; Spinelli, Francesca
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    Services trade has become increasingly important, yet its impact on employment has been understudied at present. This paper uses fine-grained data on firm- and worker-level information to shed light on the impact of services trade on employment and... more

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Services trade has become increasingly important, yet its impact on employment has been understudied at present. This paper uses fine-grained data on firm- and worker-level information to shed light on the impact of services trade on employment and wages in the United Kingdom. It finds that firms can benefit from services trade, through increased employment, production and productivity. On average, workers’ wages are also positively impacted by increased services trade. The findings suggest that services imports enhance female wages more than those of males, thereby contributing to narrow the gender wage gap. They also suggest that reduction of services trade barriers in foreign markets with which the United Kingdom trades coincides with higher wages for employees of trading firms in the United Kingdom.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
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    Series: OECD trade policy papers ; no. 243
    Subjects: Employment; worker and firm-level data; gender pay gap; skills; wages; trade liberalisation; Trade; United Kingdom
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Fiscal decentralisation, the knowledge economy and school teachers' wages in urban China
    Author: Long, Yi; Nyland, Chris; Smyth, Russell
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  [Monash University, Monash Business School, Department of Economics], [Canberra]

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    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper / Monash Business School, Department of Economics ; 16, 13
    Subjects: fiscal decentralisation; knowledge economy; teachers; wages; human capital; China
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Labour immigration and union strength
    Author: Finseraas, Henning; Røed, Marianne; Schøne, Pål
    Published: August 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    To what extent is labour mobility in the European Union a threat to the strength of unions? We argue that the combination of cheap labour, workforce heterogeneity, and low unionization among labour immigrants' is a potential challenge for unions. The... more

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    To what extent is labour mobility in the European Union a threat to the strength of unions? We argue that the combination of cheap labour, workforce heterogeneity, and low unionization among labour immigrants' is a potential challenge for unions. The challenge will be particularly severe if immigrant competition affects natives' propensity to unionize. We examine this claim using Norwegian administrative data in a natural experiment framework. The 2004 EU expansion led to a rapid increase in labour migration to the construction sector. Licensing demands, however, protected some workers from immigrant competition. Comparisons of protected and exposed workers reveal negative labour market effects of the EU expansion for exposed workers, but no effect on union membership. Our results question important theories of unionization and are relevant for research on immigration, political behaviour and collective action.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/185183
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11723
    Subjects: immigration; union; wages; employment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten)
  5. Agricultural production and technical change around the world, 1961-2010
    Author: Malacarne, Janet Horsager; Artz, Georgeanne M.; Orazem, Peter F.
    Published: 5-20-2017
    Publisher:  Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Ames, Iowa

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    Series: Working paper / Iowa State University, Department of Economics ; number 17024
    Subjects: agricultural productivity; technical change; isoquant; Cobb Douglas; wages; derived demand; complements and substitutes; trad
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The productivity-wage premium
    does size still matter in a service economy?
    Author: Berlingieri, Giuseppe; Calligaris, Sara; Criscuolo, Chiara
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: CEP discussion paper ; no 1557 (July 2018)
    Subjects: productivity; size-premium; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Wages and the value on nonemployment
    Author: Jäger, Simon; Schoefer, Benjamin; Young, Samuel; Zweimüller, Josef
    Published: November 2018
    Publisher:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
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    Series: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 25230
    Subjects: Arbeitslosenversicherung; Reform; Lohnbildung; Arbeitsangebotsverhalten; Österreich; Bargaining; nonemployment; Unemployment Benefits; wages
    Scope: 68 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  8. All that glitters is not gold
    wages and education for US immigrants
    Author: Bertoli, Simone; Stillman, Steven
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Many destination countries consider implementing points-based migration systems as a way to improve migrants' quality, but our understanding of the actual effects of selective policies is limited. We use data from the ACS 2001-2017 to analyze the... more

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    Many destination countries consider implementing points-based migration systems as a way to improve migrants' quality, but our understanding of the actual effects of selective policies is limited. We use data from the ACS 2001-2017 to analyze the overlap in the wage distribution of low- and high-educated recent migrants from different origins after controlling for other observable characteristics. When we randomly match a high- with a low-educated immigrant from the same country, more than one-quarter of time the low-educated immigrant has a higher hourly wage, notwithstanding a statistically significant difference in the mean wage of the two groups for most origins. For 98 out of 114 countries, this synthetic measure of the overlap in the two wage distributions stands above the corresponding figure for natives. We also find that at least 82 percent of the variance in log wages for migrants with a given number of years of schooling is due to differences within rather than across countries. This suggests that heavily relying on education to select immigrants might fail to markedly improve their quality.

     
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    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/196666
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12168
    Subjects: migration; selection; wages; point-system; United States
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. How will the interaction of wages and prices play out in the last mile of disinflation?
    Author: Kamin, Steven; Roberts, John M.
    Published: July 2024
    Publisher:  American Enterprise Institute, [Washington, DC]

    This note develops an econometric model of inflation dynamics to assess recent developments. We find that most of the rapid decline in price pressures achieved in 2023 owes to the normalization of supply chains. With supply-chain disruptions now... more

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    This note develops an econometric model of inflation dynamics to assess recent developments. We find that most of the rapid decline in price pressures achieved in 2023 owes to the normalization of supply chains. With supply-chain disruptions now largely resolved, future progress toward disinflation will be more difficult and will likely depend on the interplay between wages and prices. A consideration that could loom large is the shortfall in wage gains relative to their pre-pandemic trend, leading to a "wage gap" or, equivalently, a rise in firm markups over cost. Using our model, we explore different ways in which the wage gap may evolve going forward and trace out the implications of these alternative scenarios for the Fed's monetary policy. If high markups unleash important competitive pressures across firms, then inflation and thus interest rates could come down quickly. If, however, markups have a limited influence on price setting, the disinflation process could be more prolonged, as would the normalization of monetary policy. Finally, if wage gains remain elevated-perhaps motivated by attempts by workers to recover previous shortfalls in earnings-inflation and interest rates could stay high for a considerable period. Unfortunately, it isn't clear based on the econometrics or recent experience which outcome is most likely.

     
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    hdl: 10419/300512
    Series: AEI economics working paper ; 2024, 13 (July 2024)
    Subjects: inflation; Monetary policy; prices; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Automation and rent dissipation
    implications for wages, inequality, and productivity
    Author: Acemoglu, Daron; Restrepo, Pascual
    Published: May 27, 2024
    Publisher:  MIT Department of Economics, Cambridge, MA

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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper / Blueprint Labs ; #2024, 04
    Subjects: automation; productivity; technology; inequality; wages; rents
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 79 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Technology and inequality in the past and the future
    Author: Acemoglu, Daron
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  UNU-WIDER, Helsinki, Finland

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    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292569594
    Series: WIDER annual lecture ; 26
    Subjects: artificial intelligence; technology; inequality; jobs; wages; productivity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 13 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Unions and collective bargaining
    the influence on wages, employment and firm survival
    Author: Brändle, Tobias
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Unions and collective bargaining play a central role in shaping wages and influencing firms' employment decisions and firm survival, especially in industrialised countries, and where they are traditionally strong. Their impact depends on the... more

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    Unions and collective bargaining play a central role in shaping wages and influencing firms' employment decisions and firm survival, especially in industrialised countries, and where they are traditionally strong. Their impact depends on the institutional role unions (can) play in different countries, on the economic conditions, and it varies strongly between industries. Overall, the literature has analysed union wage effects quite extensively, and to a lesser degree also their effects on employment. Unions typically increase wages and other working conditions for their members and often all employees working in firms where collective bargaining applies. There is strong evidence for a union-non-union wage premium, even for individuals working similar jobs. At the same time, wages are higher in firms under collective bargaining, even in similar firms in the same industry. The size of these premiums can vary widely, however, between countries, time periods, and context. The union wage premium is typically stronger at the lower end of the wage distribution, such that strong unions are associated with lower wage inequality. This result is more or less undisputed in the literature. The union effect on employment is theoretically more ambiguous, but empirically labelled as 'the one constant' among the effects of unions: employment growth is two to four percent lower in firms with union bargaining. There may, however, also be positive effects of union bargaining on the quality of employment or employment duration from an individual perspective. A union effect on firm survival is the least well analysed among the three effects presented here. If unions redistribute rents to employees and if 'the one constant' holds, then firm survival might be negatively affected by union bargaining. The empirical evidence is, however, inconclusive.

     
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    hdl: 10419/300248
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1457
    Subjects: collective bargaining; trade unions; wages; employment; firm survival
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten)
  13. What caused the post-pandemic inflation in Italy?
    an application of Bernanke and Blanchard (2023)
    Author: Pisani, Massimiliano; Tagliabracci, Alex
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Banca d'Italia, [Rom]

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    Series: Questioni di economia e finanza / Banca d'Italia ; number 851 (June 2024)
    Subjects: inflation; wages; inflation expectations; energy; COVID-19
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Exports and jobs for inclusive growth in Cambodia
    Author: Kokas, Deeksha; Roche Rodriguez, Jaime Alfonso; López Acevedo, Gladys; Robertson, Raymond; Karamba, Wendy
    Published: August 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Cambodia's rapid economic growth in the past few decades has coincided with trade liberalization and structural transformation. This growth has been extensively associated with more employment, higher wages, shared prosperity, and poverty reduction.... more

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    Cambodia's rapid economic growth in the past few decades has coincided with trade liberalization and structural transformation. This growth has been extensively associated with more employment, higher wages, shared prosperity, and poverty reduction. By combining two complementary approaches, the Gravity model and the Bartik model, this paper estimates: (i) the relationship between trade agreements and trade flows, and (ii) the relationship between trade exposure and various local labor market outcomes. Our gravity estimates show that trade agreements between the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) are positively related with trade flows, and that Cambodia's specific gains from these increases in trade have been larger than for the average trade agreement. This has led to better results for workers in Cambodia's local labor markets. Our shift-share Bartik results suggest that increases in trade exposure in Cambodian districts between 2009 and 2019 correlate with reduced informality and an increase in hours worked, with more positive effects for female workers.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/305651
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17209
    Subjects: trade policy; exports; trade exposure; employment; informality; wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Directed search, wages, and non-wage amenities
    evidence from an online job board
    Author: Escudero, Verónica; Liepmann, Hannah; Vergara, Damián
    Published: August 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We leverage rich data from a prominent online job board in Uruguay to assess directed search patterns in job applications, focusing on posted wages and advertised non-wage amenities. We find robust evidence of directed search based on posted wages in... more

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    We leverage rich data from a prominent online job board in Uruguay to assess directed search patterns in job applications, focusing on posted wages and advertised non-wage amenities. We find robust evidence of directed search based on posted wages in the cross-section, with stark heterogeneity by occupation: the wage-application correlation is driven by vacancies attached to lower-skill occupations, with applications to vacancies attached to higher-skill occupations showing no responsiveness to posted wages. By applying text analysis to the job ads, we elicit advertised non-wage amenities and find evidence of directed search based on non-wage amenities. Applications to vacancies attached to lower-skill occupations are consistent with lexicographic application preferences: amenities predict applications to these vacancies only when wages are not posted. Finally, we exploit industry-by-occupation minimum wage variation to demonstrate that the observed occupational heterogeneity in directed search patterns is supported by quasi-experimental difference-in-differences estimates of the impact of wages on job applications.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 10419/305653
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17211
    Subjects: directed search; vacancies; wages; non-wage amenities; minimum wages
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 107 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Competition in the labor market
    the wage effect of employer concentration in China
    Author: Liu, Jianan; Cai, Hongbo; Lin, Carl
    Published: August 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Competition in the labor market theoretically leads to higher wages, yet empirical evidence to substantiate it, particularly in developing countries, has been sparse. Our study delves into the impact of increased competition in the labor market on... more

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    Competition in the labor market theoretically leads to higher wages, yet empirical evidence to substantiate it, particularly in developing countries, has been sparse. Our study delves into the impact of increased competition in the labor market on workers' wages using a panel dataset from Chinese industrial firms spanning 1998 to 2013. Employing OLS and IV regressions, we demonstrate that a decrease in employer concentration is significantly linked to higher wages. The elasticities of employer concentration on wages fall within the range of -0.034 and -0.107. Additionally, our findings suggest that state-owned enterprises gained the most from this upswing in competition, primarily due to restructuring. Furthermore, we demonstrate that total factor productivity serves as an important channel linking employer concentration to wages.

     
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    hdl: 10419/305668
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17226
    Subjects: competition; monopsony; labor market concentration; wages; China
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Who perceives lower wages for women to be fair?
    how perceptions of the fairness of men's and women's wages vary by firm and workplace characteristics
    Author: Strauß, Susanne; Brüggemann, Ole; Lang, Julia
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  KOPS Universität Konstanz, Konstanz

    Previous research has shown that gender pay gaps are perceived as fair or justified, not only by men but also by women. In this paper we analyse whether this gender bias in the evaluation of fair wages still persists and whether the organizational... more

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    Evangelische Hochschule Freiburg, Hochschulbibliothek
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    Previous research has shown that gender pay gaps are perceived as fair or justified, not only by men but also by women. In this paper we analyse whether this gender bias in the evaluation of fair wages still persists and whether the organizational context has an impact on fairness perceptions. We use unique data from a vignette study that was part of a representative online survey of 5,556 employees in 532 larger firms (> 100 employees) in Germany which are merged to administrative data. This allows us to consider different contextual factors at both the workgroup level and the firm level. In contrast to older studies we find that women tend to evaluate wages of female workers as unfairly too low. Moreover, the perception of (un)fair wages depends on the organizational context. Female supervisors and collective bargaining agreements in firms increase women's awareness for other women's unfairly too low wages, whereas an exchange about wages with co-workers affects the fairness perceptions of both male and female workers.

     
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    hdl: 10419/300835
    Series: Working paper series / Cluster of Excellence "The Politics of Inequality" ; no. 29 (July 2024)
    Subjects: Gender inequality; wages; fairness; organizational context; Germany
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Tasks at work
    comparative advantage, technology and labor demand
    Author: Acemoglu, Daron; Kong, Fredric; Restrepo, Pascual
    Published: August 13, 2024
    Publisher:  MIT Department of Economics, Cambridge, MA

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    Series: Discussion paper / Blueprint Labs ; #2024, 08
    Subjects: Technischer Fortschritt; Arbeitsorganisation; Arbeitsnachfrage; Faktorsubstitution; Automatisierung; Theorie; USA; automation; productivity; technology; inequality; wages; rents; Labor Demand; Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials; Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 126 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Should states allow early school enrollment?
    an analysis of individuals' long-term labor market effects
    Author: Görlitz, Katja; Heß, Pascal; Tamm, Marcus
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    This study provides a policy evaluation of laws allowing early school enrollment of children, i.e., enrollment before the official school starting age. It investigates the effects of early enrollment on educational attainment, wages and employment.... more

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    This study provides a policy evaluation of laws allowing early school enrollment of children, i.e., enrollment before the official school starting age. It investigates the effects of early enrollment on educational attainment, wages and employment. While the school starting age is usually determined by children’s date of birth and legal cutoffs, some German states allowed early enrollment in some years. Exploiting state and cohort variation, the results show that male early enrollees attain fewer years of schooling, enter the labor market earlier and have a larger labor market attachment at around age 16. Positive wage effects persist until approximately age 35. Results for women roughly resemble those for men but they are less convincingly estimated. Diese Studie umfasst eine Evaluation von Einschulungsgesetzen, die eine vorzeitige Einschulung von Kindern erlauben. Sie untersucht die Auswirkungen einer vorzeitigen Einschulung auf die Bildungsabschlüsse, die Löhne und die Beschäftigung. Eine vorzeitige Einschulung ist/war lediglich in einigen Bundesländer und in ausgewählten Jahren erlaubt. Diese Unterschiede und Änderungen zwischen den Bundesländern und Schülerkohorten werden genutzt, um die Wirkung zu messen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass männliche Schüler mit vorzeitiger Einschulung weniger Schuljahre absolvieren, früher in den Arbeitsmarkt eintreten und im Alter von etwa 16 Jahren häufiger erwerbstätig sind. Außerdem sind die Löhne dieser Schüler im Erwachsenenalter höher als bei regulär eingeschulten Personen. Die positiven Lohneffekte bleiben bis zum Alter von 35 Jahren bestehen. Die Ergebnisse für Frauen ähneln grob denen für Männer, sie sind jedoch weniger überzeugend geschätzt.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783969732823
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/306834
    Series: Ruhr economic papers ; #1104
    Subjects: Early enrollment policy; early school entry; wages; employment; school starting age
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. The impact of a decade of digital transformation on employment, wages, and inequality in the EU
    a "conveyor belt" hypothesis
    Author: Richiardi, Matteo; Westhoff, Leonie; Astarita, Caterina; Ernst, Ekkehard; Fenwick, Clare; Khabirpour, Neysan; Pelizzari, Lorenzo
    Published: May 2024
    Publisher:  CeMPA, Centre for Microsimulation and Policy Analysis, [Colchester]

    We study the effects of digital transformation in the EU on individual employment outcomes, wage growth, and income inequality, during the decade 2010-2019. Our results allow us to formulate a “conveyor-belt” hypothesis, whereas digital skills are... more

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    We study the effects of digital transformation in the EU on individual employment outcomes, wage growth, and income inequality, during the decade 2010-2019. Our results allow us to formulate a “conveyor-belt” hypothesis, whereas digital skills are important for finding a job, but less so for retaining it. The ability of out-of-work individuals with higher digital skills to jump back on the labour market is reduced for those with higher education, suggesting a faster depreciation of their digital skills. A similar effect, although of limited size, is found for earning growth: out-of-work individuals with higher digital skills are not only more likely to find a job, but experience higher earning growth, compared to their peers with lower digital skills. Our results point to a vulnerability of workers “left behind” from the digital transformation and the labour market. The overall effects on inequality are, however, limited.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/306910
    Series: CeMPA working paper series ; 24, 5
    Subjects: Digital transformation; digital skills; inequality; employment; wages; EU
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Scarce workers, high wages?
    Author: Börschlein, Erik-Benjamin; Bossler, Mario; Popp, Martin
    Published: November 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Labor market tightness tremendously increased in Germany between 2012 and 2022. We analyze the effect of tightness on wages by combining social security data with unusually rich information on vacancies and job seekers. Instrumental variable... more

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    Labor market tightness tremendously increased in Germany between 2012 and 2022. We analyze the effect of tightness on wages by combining social security data with unusually rich information on vacancies and job seekers. Instrumental variable regressions reveal positive elasticities between 0.004 and 0.011, implying that higher tightness explains between 7 and 19 percent of the real wage increase. We report greater elasticities for new hires, high-skilled workers, the Eastern German labor market, and the service sector. In particular, tightness raised wages at the bottom of the wage distribution, contributing to the decline in wage inequality over the last decade.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17447
    Subjects: labor market tightness; wages; labor shortage; occupations; wage inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The wage effect of the COVID-19 pandemic by company size
    evidence from Thailand
    Author: Hayakawa, Kazunobu; Sasatra Sudsawasd
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Institute of Developing Economies (IDE), JETRO, Chiba, Japan

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    Language: English
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10.20561/0002001136
    Series: IDE discussion paper ; no. 945
    Subjects: Covid-19; wages; Thailand
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. An engine of (pay) growth?
    productivity and wages in the UK auto industry
    Author: Norris Keiller, Agnes; Obermeier, Tim; Teichgraeber, Andreas; Van Reenen, John
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Media type: Book
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    Series: Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; no. 2015 (July 2024)
    Subjects: wages; firms; market performance; manufacturing; automotive
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Early career effects of entering the labor market during higher education expansion
    Author: Göhausen, Johannes; Thomsen, Stephan L.
    Published: November 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We evaluate the labor market effects of an increasing supply of high-skilled labor, resulting from a higher education expansion at established German universities. Exploiting variation in exposure across regions and cohorts, we estimate early career... more

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    We evaluate the labor market effects of an increasing supply of high-skilled labor, resulting from a higher education expansion at established German universities. Exploiting variation in exposure across regions and cohorts, we estimate early career effects for labor market entrants. We find that high-skilled wages decline initially, particularly in non-graduate jobs, but recover over the first five years of experience. Medium-skilled workers are barely affected, while low-skilled workers benefit from higher wage growth in non-routine-intensive jobs. We explain the dynamics of the effects by two countervailing mechanisms: immediate supply effects and gradual technology effects through increasing skilled labor demand.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17487
    Subjects: higher education expansion; labor market entry; wages; regional labor markets
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. International sourcing, domestic labour costs and producer prices
    Author: Blanas, Sotiris; Zanardi, Maurizio
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  National Bank of Belgium, Brussels

    Using a representative sample of firms in Belgian manufacturing over 2001Q1-2017Q4, we study the effects of their international sourcing activities and domestic wages on their domestic output prices, as well as the effects of international sourcing... more

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    Using a representative sample of firms in Belgian manufacturing over 2001Q1-2017Q4, we study the effects of their international sourcing activities and domestic wages on their domestic output prices, as well as the effects of international sourcing on (relative) domestic wages. Controlling for firm size and other factors, we find that higher shares of imported intermediates, especially when they originate from lower-income countries, result in lower domestic output prices. This is consistent with the costsaving aspect of international sourcing. For high-tech products, however, we also find that higher shares of imported intermediates from high-or lower-income countries lead to higher domestic prices. This is consistent with the input quality-enhancing aspect of international sourcing, but also its costsaving aspect allowing for the re-allocation of domestic resources towards innovation and technologyintensive activities. In addition, we find that the share of imported intermediates from high-income countries is differentially negatively associated with the wage bill share and relative wage for whitecollar workers in high-tech firms. Taken together, we view these results as suggestive evidence of firms combining higher-quality foreign inputs and domestic labour-especially blue-collar workers- in order to service the domestic market with higher-quality outputs at higher prices.

     
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    Media type: Book
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    Series: Working paper research / National Bank of Belgium ; no 470 (November 2024)
    Subjects: International sourcing; importing; intermediates; wages; producer prices
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten), Illustrationen