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  1. Mothers' non-farm entrepreneurship and child secondary education in rural Ghana
    Author: Janssens, Charlotte; Van den Broeck, Goedele; Maertens, Miet; Lambrecht, Isabel
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Division of Bioeconomics, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Leuven, Geo-Institute, Leuven (Heverlee), Belgium

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    Series: Bioeconomics working paper series ; 2018, 01
    Subjects: non-farm enterprise; employment; schooling; rural development; Ghana
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten)
  2. Fostering, child welfare, and ethnic cultural values
    Author: El Badaoui, Eliane; Mangiavacchi, Lucia
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    This article examines the effects of fostering on children's labour supply and schooling in host families in Niger. The focus is on the causal role of ethnic inherited cultural values and behaviours in perpetuating fostering. In particular, at the... more

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    This article examines the effects of fostering on children's labour supply and schooling in host families in Niger. The focus is on the causal role of ethnic inherited cultural values and behaviours in perpetuating fostering. In particular, at the ethnic group level, we rely on the inherited level of community integration, the situation of frequent interethnic violence, and an indicator of great importance attributed to foster parents. We specify a simultaneous equations model with three outcomes for children (school attendance, hours of market work and hours of domestic work) and a treatment variable (fostering). The results show that foster children are more likely to attend school and to have longer hours of domestic work than biological children. Importantly, we find evidence of a schooling fostering for boys and a domestic fostering for girls. We provide heterogeneous effects for different samples and test the robustness of the results to different empirical specifications. All in all, ethnic inherited values and behaviours are found to have an important causal effect on children's welfare.

     
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    hdl: 10419/185151
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11691
    Subjects: child fostering; culture; child labour; domestic work; schooling; Niger
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Macroeconomic conditions and child schooling in Turkey
    Author: Güneş, Pinar Mine; Ural Marchand, Beyza
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    This paper examines the effects of macroeconomic shocks on child schooling in Turkey using household labor force surveys from 2005-2013. We use variation in local labor demand as an instrumental variable, particularly regional industry composition... more

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    This paper examines the effects of macroeconomic shocks on child schooling in Turkey using household labor force surveys from 2005-2013. We use variation in local labor demand as an instrumental variable, particularly regional industry composition and national industry employment growth rates. The results demonstrate that child schooling is pro-cyclical in Turkey, with the most acute effects among children with less educated parents and living in rural areas. Finally, as hypothesized, we find asymmetric effects on child schooling based on skill composition of economic growth. Higher unemployment among unskilled workers increases schooling, whereas higher unemployment among skilled workers decreases schooling.

     
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    hdl: 10419/185146
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11686
    Subjects: schooling; unemployment; business cycles; Turkey
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Does restricting access to credit affect learning outcomes?
    evidence from a regulatory shock to microfinance in India
    Author: Kalliyil, Muneer; Sahoo, Soham
    Published: October 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This study examines how restricted access to microfinance by households affects children's learning outcomes, utilizing a unique natural experiment that halted all microfinance operations in Andhra Pradesh (AP), India, in 2010. The analysis exploits... more

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    This study examines how restricted access to microfinance by households affects children's learning outcomes, utilizing a unique natural experiment that halted all microfinance operations in Andhra Pradesh (AP), India, in 2010. The analysis exploits quasi-random variation in district-level exposure to the shock in states other than AP, as the regulation affected lenders' liquidity nationwide. Using difference-in-differences and event study designs, we find a significant and persistent decline in children's learning outcomes. The restoration of credit access does not fully reverse these effects, highlighting the long-term consequences of short-term financial disruptions. As plausible mechanisms, we find a shift in enrollment from private to government schools, lower household spending on education, reduced food expenditure impacting nutrition, and a decline in mothers' employment. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the adverse effects were more prominent for girls and younger children. By focusing on the effects of regulatory restrictions rather than micro-finance service provision, this study complements existing literature and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the socioeconomic impacts of microfinance.

     
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    hdl: 10419/307228
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17404
    Subjects: microfinance regulation; credit constraint; learning outcomes; schooling; education; India
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Migration inflow and the school performance of incumbent students
    Author: Getik, Demid; Sjögren, Anna; Sundberg, Anton
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  IFAU, Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, Uppsala, Sweden

    We examine how exposure to recent migrants affects the academic performance of Swedish students. To identify the effect, we exploit variation in exposure to recent migrants between grades in a given school and year, between siblings and over time for... more

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    We examine how exposure to recent migrants affects the academic performance of Swedish students. To identify the effect, we exploit variation in exposure to recent migrants between grades in a given school and year, between siblings and over time for the same individuals. We find a positive effect on native students in schools with high levels of exposure and in rural areas. At the same time, the effect is negative in large cities. Analyses of mechanisms suggest that school responses to reduce class size play a role in generating net positive effects of migrant exposure. Findings are similar when considering the more acute exposure of the 2015-2016 refugee crisis.

     
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    hdl: 10419/307441
    Series: Working paper / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy ; 2024, 22
    Subjects: schooling; peers; migration
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Gender-based violence in schools and girls’ education
    experimental evidence from Mozambique
    Author: Amaral, Sofia; García-Ramos, Aixa; Gulesci, Selim; Oré, Sarita; Ramos, Alejandra; Sviatschi, Maria
    Published: November 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    Gender-based violence (GBV) at schools is a pervasive problem that affects millions of adolescent girls worldwide. In partnership with the Ministry of Education in Mozambique, we developed an intervention to increase the capacity of key school... more

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    Gender-based violence (GBV) at schools is a pervasive problem that affects millions of adolescent girls worldwide. In partnership with the Ministry of Education in Mozambique, we developed an intervention to increase the capacity of key school personnel to address GBV and to improve students’ awareness as well as proactive behaviors. To understand the role of GBV on girls’ education, we randomized not only exposure to the intervention but also whether the student component was targeted to girls only, boys only, or both. Our findings indicate a reduction in sexual violence by teachers and school staff against girls, regardless of the targeted gender group, providing evidence of the role of improving the capacity of key school personnel to deter perpetrators. Using administrative records, we also find that in schools where the intervention encouraged proactive behavior by girls, there was an increase in their school enrollment, largely due to an increased propensity for GBV reporting by victims. Our findings suggest that effectively mitigating violence to improve girls’ schooling requires a dual approach: deterring potential perpetrators and fostering a proactive stance among victims, such as increased reporting.

     
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    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11506 (2024)
    Subjects: gender-based violence; schooling
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Accounting for the international quantity-quality trade-off
    Author: Córdoba Muñoz, Juan C.; Liu, Xiying; Ripoll, Marla
    Published: January 31, 2019
    Publisher:  Iowa State University, Department of Economics, Ames, Iowa

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    Series: Working paper / Iowa State University, Department of Economics ; number 19004
    Subjects: public education; fertility; mortality; schooling; parental altruism; TFP
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (ca 75 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Human capital investment under exit options
    evidence from a natural quasi-experiment
    Author: Chand, Satish; Clemens, Michael A.
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Theory suggests that groups historically subject to discrimination, such as Jews, could exhibit traditionally high investment in education because discrimination spurred exit facilitated by human capital. Theory moreover suggests that if exit is... more

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    Theory suggests that groups historically subject to discrimination, such as Jews, could exhibit traditionally high investment in education because discrimination spurred exit facilitated by human capital. Theory moreover suggests that if exit is uncertain, it could induce investment in skill that more-than-offsets the mechanical reduction in skill stocks at the origin. Tests of such theories are difficult and few. We examine a unique natural quasiexperiment in the Republic of Fiji, in which a sharp increase in discrimination induced mass exit by one ethnic group and mass skill investment by the same group. We show that the induced investment more than offset the loss from exit, producing a net increase in skill stocks. We argue with theory and a range of nonexperimental falsification tests that exit by skilled workers was a necessary causal mechanism of the offsetting skill investment.

     
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    hdl: 10419/196671
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12173
    Subjects: brain drain; migration; immigration; emigration; skill; student; tertiary; postsecondary; college; university; training; human capital; education; Jewish; Asian; ethnic; discrimination; schooling; selection; commonwealth; Australia; New Zealand; Canada; Pacific; brain gain; natural experiment; Fiji
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Early-life medical care and human capital accumulatio
    medical care and public health interventions in early childhood may improve human capital accumulation as well as child health
    Author: Daysal, N. Meltem; Hirani, Jonas Cuzulan
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), Bonn

    Ample empirical evidence links adverse conditions during early childhood (the period from conception to age five) to worse health outcomes and lower academic achievement in adulthood. Can early-life medical care and public health interventions... more

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    Ample empirical evidence links adverse conditions during early childhood (the period from conception to age five) to worse health outcomes and lower academic achievement in adulthood. Can early-life medical care and public health interventions ameliorate these effects? Recent research suggests that both types of interventions may benefit not only child health but also long-term educational outcomes. In some cases, the effects of interventions may spillover to other family members. These findings can be used to design policies that improve long-term outcomes and reduce economic inequality.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260690
    Series: IZA world of labor ; 2021, 217v2
    Subjects: medical care; public health; children; schooling; test scores; human capital
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 11 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Heterogenous trajectories in physical, mental and cognitive health among older Americans
    roles of genetics and earlier SES
    Author: Hoang, Cung Truong; Amin, Vikesh; Behrman, Jere R.; Kohler, Hans-Peter; Kohler, Iliana V.
    Published: October 4, 2021
    Publisher:  Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

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    Series: PIER working paper ; 21, 024
    Subjects: aging trajectories; polygenic scores; childhood socioeconomic status; schooling; HRS; GBTM
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Inequality in internet access in India
    implications for learning during COVID
    Author: Datta, Sandip; Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    During COVID school closures, learning become mostly restricted to young people who had internet access at home. This paper examines internet access in India using National Sample Survey 2017-18. It probes the extent of inequality in young people's... more

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    During COVID school closures, learning become mostly restricted to young people who had internet access at home. This paper examines internet access in India using National Sample Survey 2017-18. It probes the extent of inequality in young people's internet access across gender, caste, religion, rural-urban sector, private-public schools, and income group. Our triple-hurdle model of internet use shows that, ceteris paribus, there is a very significant digital divide across many of the social and economic groups. Additionally, intra-household analysis using family fixed effects estimation shows that girls have significantly lower ability to use internet vis-à-vis their brothers within the household.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263603
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15387
    Subjects: schooling; internet; equality; COVID-19; India
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten)
  12. The effect of the war on human capital in Ukraine and the path for rebuilding
    Author: Gorodnichenko, Yuriy; Kudlyak, Marianna; Şahin, Ayşegül
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The ensuing war has a devastating destructing impact in Ukraine. This article focuses on the humanitarian cost of war. The article develops a framework for the analysis of the effect... more

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    In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The ensuing war has a devastating destructing impact in Ukraine. This article focuses on the humanitarian cost of war. The article develops a framework for the analysis of the effect of a war on country's human capital. We then identify the following key directions for rebuilding and further developing human capital in Ukraine: quantity and quality of schooling for children, quality of higher education, training and retraining programs for adults, assistance for people with disabilities, post-deployment re-integration into the civilian sector, population growth and fertility, and promotion of self-motivating mechanisms.

     
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    hdl: 10419/273694
    Series: IZA policy paper ; no. 185
    Subjects: human capital; growth; schooling; skills of the future; health; war; displacement
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten)
  13. Does schooling improve cognitive abilities at older ages
    causal evidence from nonparametric bounds
    Author: Amin, Vikesh; Behrman, Jere R.; Fletcher, Jason; Flores, Carlos; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso; Kohler, Hans-Peter
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We revisit the much-investigated relationship between schooling and health, focusing on cognitive abilities at older ages using the Harmonized Cognition Assessment Protocol in the Health & Retirement Study. To address endogeneity concerns, we employ... more

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    We revisit the much-investigated relationship between schooling and health, focusing on cognitive abilities at older ages using the Harmonized Cognition Assessment Protocol in the Health & Retirement Study. To address endogeneity concerns, we employ a nonparametric partial identification approach that provides bounds on the population average treatment effect using a monotone instrumental variable together with relatively weak monotonicity assumptions on treatment selection and response. The bounds indicate potentially large effects of increasing schooling from primary to secondary but are also consistent with small and null effects. We find evidence for a causal effect of increasing schooling from secondary to tertiary on cognition. We also replicate findings from the Health & Retirement Study using another sample of older adults from the Midlife in United States Development Study Cognition Project.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263587
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15371
    Subjects: schooling; cognition; bounds; aging; partial identification
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The difference a dollar a day makes
    a study of UNICEF Jordan’s Hajati programme
    Published: May 2021
    Publisher:  UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti, Florence, Italy

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    Format: Online
    Subjects: cash transfers; child well-being; education; Jordan; out-of-school youth; school attendance; schooling; social protection; social protection programmes; Syrian Arab Republic
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Covid-19 crisis, economic hardships and schooling outcomes
    Author: Gehrke, Esther; Lenel, Friederike; Schupp, Claudia
    Published: April 2022
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We combine phone-survey data from 2,200 students collected in July-August of 2020 with student-level administrative data from 54 schools in four Northwestern provinces of Cambodia to investigate the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for grade 9... more

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    We combine phone-survey data from 2,200 students collected in July-August of 2020 with student-level administrative data from 54 schools in four Northwestern provinces of Cambodia to investigate the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for grade 9 students. These students were particularly vulnerable to dropping out of school prematurely due to the crisis. We find that most students kept studying during the crisis, returned to school to participate in the lower-secondary graduation exam after schools reopened, and transitioned to high school thereafter. However, we also find that students' exposure to the economic downturn had substantial implications: The likelihood that the father experienced income losses due to the crisis is negatively associated with a student's propensity to study during school closure, participation and performance in the final exam, and with the likelihood to transition to high school. In contrast, the likelihood that the mother experienced income losses is positively associated with student studying during the crisis, with participation in the final exam and with transition to high school - potentially because mothers used the time at home to encourage their children to study.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260832
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 9702 (2022)
    Subjects: Covid-19; schooling; Cambodia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Child labor bans, employment, and school attendance
    evidence from changes in the minimum working age
    Author: Kozhaya, Mireille; Martínez Flores, Fernanda
    Published: March 2022
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper investigates the effect of a unique child labor ban regulation on employment and school enrollment. The ban implemented in Mexico in 2015, increased the minimum working age from 14 to 15, introduced restrictions to employ underage... more

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    This paper investigates the effect of a unique child labor ban regulation on employment and school enrollment. The ban implemented in Mexico in 2015, increased the minimum working age from 14 to 15, introduced restrictions to employ underage individuals, and imposed penalties for the violation of the law. Our identification strategy relies on a DiD approach that exploits the date of birth as a natural cutoff to assign individuals into treatment and control groups. The ban led to a decrease in the probability to work by 1.2 percentage points and an increase in the probability of being enrolled in school by 2.2 percentage points for the treatment group. These results are driven by a reduction in employment in paid activities, and in the secondary and tertiary sectors. The effects are persistent several years after the ban.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252268
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15144
    Subjects: child labor; ban; minimum working age; schooling
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Impact of the right to education on school enrolment of children with disabilities
    evidence from India
    Author: Varghese, Vinitha Rachel
    Published: August 2022
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    I evaluate the impact of the right to education from the passing of the Right to Education Act in India in 2009. This Act guaranteed free education to children aged 6-14 years, including children with disabilities. Given that the school participation... more

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    I evaluate the impact of the right to education from the passing of the Right to Education Act in India in 2009. This Act guaranteed free education to children aged 6-14 years, including children with disabilities. Given that the school participation deficit associated with disability is large, I provide results that are a relief to policy-makers. I use an event study estimation and an interrupted time series research design and find that the Right to Education Act led to a 60 per cent increase in schooling among children with disabilities within three years. The estimate is driven by enrolment across all grades. I also provide suggestive evidence that the estimate is not driven by an increase in the number of schools or in disability-friendly ramps within schools.

     
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    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9789292672256
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    hdl: 10419/267841
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 91
    Subjects: disability; children; education; enrolment; schooling
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Does schooling improve cognitive abilities at older ages
    causal evidence from nonparametric bounds
    Author: Grant, Vikesh; Behrman, Jere R.; Fletcher, Jason; Flores, Carlos; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso
    Published: 5-19-2022
    Publisher:  Population Studies Center, [Philadelphia, PA]

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    Series: Population Center Working Papers (PSC/PARC) / Population Studies Center ; 2022, 92
    Subjects: schooling; cognition; bounds; aging; partial identification
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  19. Elementary education in India versus China
    guidelines for NEP implementation
    Author: Kumar, Naveen; Varghese, Vinitha
    Published: June 2022
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    This paper documents the state of elementary education in India and China since the 1960s, key lessons for India from China's shift in focus from 'quantity' to 'quality', and evidencebased guidelines for effective implementation of India's New... more

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    This paper documents the state of elementary education in India and China since the 1960s, key lessons for India from China's shift in focus from 'quantity' to 'quality', and evidencebased guidelines for effective implementation of India's New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020). The divergent policy focus has led to differential trajectories for elementary education in the two emerging economies, with China being decades ahead in improving literacy rates. China's adoption of the New Curriculum Reform 20 years before India's NEP 2020 has put China on the path to achieving equitable development of 'quality' compulsory schooling. India's NEP 2020 has components that have the potential to improve quality, equity, and efficiency of the education system. This paper makes the following recommendations for effective implementation of some of the NEP 2020 components: (1) an additional worker should be recruited at every preschool centre; (2) more resources should be allocated towards implementation, evaluation, and needed recalibration of the management of school clusters; (3) teacher recruitment, training, and rewards should be revamped; (4) standardized tests should be protected from data corruption, fudging, or grade inflation; and (5) a national-level road map and regular evaluations have to be introduced to ensure participation of socio-economically disadvantaged groups in education.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292671952
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/267813
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 64
    Subjects: education; schooling; quality; India; China
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Mental health, schooling attainment and polygenic scores
    are there significant gene-environment associations?
    Author: Amin, Vikesh; Behrman, Jere R.; Fletcher, Jason; Flores, Carlos; Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso; Kohler, Hans-Peter
    Published: June 2019
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    It is well-established that (1) there is a large genetic component to mental health, and (2) higher schooling attainment is associated with better mental health. Given these two observations, we test the hypothesis that schooling may attenuate the... more

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    It is well-established that (1) there is a large genetic component to mental health, and (2) higher schooling attainment is associated with better mental health. Given these two observations, we test the hypothesis that schooling may attenuate the genetic predisposition to poor mental health. Specifically, we estimate associations between a polygenic score (PGS) for depressive symptoms, schooling attainment and gene-environment (GxE) interactions with mental health (depressive symptoms and depression), in two distinct United States datasets at different adult ages- 29 years old in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) and 54 years old in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS). OLS results indicate that the association of the PGS with mental health is similar in Add Health and the WLS, but the association of schooling attainment is much larger in Add Health than in the WLS. There is some suggestive evidence that the association of the PGS with mental health is lower for more-schooled older individuals in the WLS, but there is no evidence of any significant GxE associations in Add Health. Quantile regression estimates also show that in the WLS the GxE associations are statistically significant only in the upper parts of the conditional depressive symptoms score distribution. We assess the robustness of the OLS results to omitted variable bias by using the siblings samples in both datasets to estimate sibling fixed-effect regressions. The sibling fixed-effect results must be qualified, in part due to low statistical power. However, the sibling fixed-effect estimates show that college education is associated with fewer depressive symptoms in both datasets.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/202798
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12452
    Subjects: schooling; mental health; genetics; gene-environment interactions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. The impacts of energy insecurity on household welfare in Cambodia
    empirical evidence and policy implications
    Author: Phoumin, Han; Kimura, Fukunari
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    This study investigates the impacts of energy insecurity on household welfare in Cambodia. The notion of energy insecurity is not well understood in the literature or in local contexts. This study defines household energy insecurity as the status quo... more

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    This study investigates the impacts of energy insecurity on household welfare in Cambodia. The notion of energy insecurity is not well understood in the literature or in local contexts. This study defines household energy insecurity as the status quo derived from the interplay of inadequate and insufficient energy consumption that prevents households from meeting their basic energy needs. The notion of energy insecurity can only be understood well through an investigation in the local context, as it varies from place to place. Households facing insufficient energy consumption may forgo many other opportunities. Having defined energy security in the Cambodian context, the study employs the Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey Data (2015) to investigate the impacts of household energy insecurity. The study confirms that energy insecurity has an enormous negative impact on households' welfare, with a further negative impact on children's human capital formation. The findings lead to policy implications for improving household energy security and thus influencing economic, social, and environmental development.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/222793
    Series: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1026 (October 2019)
    Subjects: energy insecurity; schooling; welfare
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten)
  22. Child labor under cash and in-kind transfers
    evidence from rural Mexico
    Author: Tagliati, Federico
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Format: Online
    Series: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 1935
    Subjects: cash transfers; in-kind transfers; child labor; schooling
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. The impact of compulsory education on employment and earnings in a transition economy
    Author: Liwiński, Jacek
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    In 1966 the minimum school-leaving age was increased from 14 to 15 years in Poland. This was a result of extending the primary school education from 7 to 8 years. At the same time, the reform did not affect the education system at post-primary... more

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    In 1966 the minimum school-leaving age was increased from 14 to 15 years in Poland. This was a result of extending the primary school education from 7 to 8 years. At the same time, the reform did not affect the education system at post-primary levels, that is the system of secondary and higher education. In result, all education tracks were extended by one year. Using the regression discontinuity design and data from the Polish LFS (2001-2005), we find that the reform had no impact on men's and women's hourly earnings and employment rate. A similar finding was reported earlier for a few Western European countries. However, our study is the first one to estimate the impact of the compulsory schooling extended in a centrally planned economy on the individuals' labour market outcomes in the period of economic transition. Besides, we find that the reform had a negative impact on the hourly earnings of individuals with primary education.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/176685
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 193
    Subjects: education; schooling; earnings; regression discontinuity design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. The impact of compulsory schooling on earnings
    evidence from the 1999 education reform in Poland
    Author: Liwiński, Jacek
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    In 1999, a reform of education was implemented in Poland, which added one year to the shortest available educational path, leading to the acquisition of basic vocational education. In the new system, students choosing this path acquire one more year... more

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    In 1999, a reform of education was implemented in Poland, which added one year to the shortest available educational path, leading to the acquisition of basic vocational education. In the new system, students choosing this path acquire one more year of general education, which, according to the authors of the reform, should improve the student's position in the labor market, as the inadequate general skills were identified as the main deficit of basic vocational education prior to the reform. Using the regression discontinuity design and data from the Polish LFS, we find that an additional year of general education has led to an increase in hourly wages of men, but not of women, who completed basic vocational schools.

     
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    hdl: 10419/182390
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 253
    Subjects: education; schooling; earnings; regression discontinuity design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Opportunity and inequality across generations
    Author: Koeniger, Winfried; Zanella, Carlo
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economics, University of St.Gallen, St. Gallen

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    Series: Discussion paper / University of St.Gallen, School of Economics and Political Science, Department of Economics ; no. 2020, 03 (February 2020)
    Subjects: Human capital; schooling; bequests; asymmetric information; intergenerational mobility; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen