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  1. Chapter 10 Media and Democracy:A Couple Walking Hand in Hand? : Media and Democracy : A Couple Walking Hand in Hand?
    Author: Trappel, Josef; Nieminen, Hannu
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Intellect

    For functioning well, the media need democracy as much as democracy needs the media. This is the starting point of this analysis of the delicate relation between the news media and democracy which is well defined in constitutional terms both in the... more

     

    For functioning well, the media need democracy as much as democracy needs the media. This is the starting point of this analysis of the delicate relation between the news media and democracy which is well defined in constitutional terms both in the European Convention on Human Rights and in national legislation. The relation is best described as social contract – to the benefit of freedom of speech and editorial independence, but also to sound governance of the state and other powerholders in society. Notably, different models of democracy correspond to different roles of the media. In any case, however, media policy is requested to respect media freedom. The Internet, as well as social and networked media require policy answers to challenges such as data protection, content blocking and surveillance. The authors conclude that media policy tools need to be developed along the all-digital media future.

     
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  2. Chapter 5 Subsidies: Fuel for the Media : Subsidies : Fuel for the Media
    Author: Trappel, Josef
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Intellect

    Subsidies are controversial media policy tools as editorial independence might be affected by those granting subsidies to newsrooms, and because they do not comply with neo-liberal market rules. This chapter shows that financial and non-financial... more

     

    Subsidies are controversial media policy tools as editorial independence might be affected by those granting subsidies to newsrooms, and because they do not comply with neo-liberal market rules. This chapter shows that financial and non-financial media subsidies are widespread in the media sector. They can help overcoming temporary crises of media companies, but they are no quick fix for the structural crises news media are undergoing. Most subsidies in European countries are granted for the purpose of maintaining diversity, holding power to account, educating journalists and encouraging alternative voices. With a view to the long tradition and the strengths and weaknesses of media subsidies the author concludes by suggesting accepting media subsidies as one element in the media policy tool box.

     
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  3. Comparative Media Policy, Regulation and Governance in Europe : Unpacking the Policy Cycle
    Contributor: d'Haenaens, Leen (Publisher); Sousa, Helena (Publisher); Trappel, Josef (Publisher)
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Intellect

    Comparative Media Policy, Regulation and Governance in Europe - Unpacking the Policy Cycle represents the continuation and further development of a long tradition of media policy books, focusing on the development of media structures and media policy... more

     

    Comparative Media Policy, Regulation and Governance in Europe - Unpacking the Policy Cycle represents the continuation and further development of a long tradition of media policy books, focusing on the development of media structures and media policy within Europe. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current European media in a period of more or less disruptive transformation. It maps the full scope of contemporary media policy and industry activities while also assessing the impact of new technologies and radical changes in distribution and consumption on media practices, organisations and strategies. Dealing with a good selection of critical issues in comparative media policy, regulation and governance, the book combines a critical assessment of media systems with a thematic approach. It starts out with the state of affairs at the level of media platforms, approaching these from a functional perspective, i.e. opinion and debate, news provision and entertainment. The book is both an academic book and a text book, as well as a source providing good practices for steering media policy, international communication and the media landscape across Europe.

     
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  4. The Global Smartphone : Beyond a youth technology
    Author: Miller, Daniel; Abed Rabho, Laila; Awondo, Patrick; de Vries, Maya; Duque, Marília; Garvey, Pauline; Haapio-Kirk, Laura; Hawkins, Charlotte; Otaegui, Alfonso; Walton, Shireen; Wang, Xinyuan
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  UCL Press, London

    The smartphone is often literally right in front of our nose, so you would think we would know what it is. But do we? To find out, 11 anthropologists each spent 16 months living in communities in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, focusing on... more

     

    The smartphone is often literally right in front of our nose, so you would think we would know what it is. But do we? To find out, 11 anthropologists each spent 16 months living in communities in Africa, Asia, Europe and South America, focusing on the take up of smartphones by older people. Their research reveals that smartphones are technology for everyone, not just for the young. The Global Smartphone presents a series of original perspectives deriving from this global and comparative research project. Smartphones have become as much a place within which we live as a device we use to provide ‘perpetual opportunism’, as they are always with us. The authors show how the smartphone is more than an ‘app device’ and explore differences between what people say about smartphones and how they use them. The smartphone is unprecedented in the degree to which we can transform it. As a result, it quickly assimilates personal values. In order to comprehend it, we must take into consideration a range of national and cultural nuances, such as visual communication in China and Japan, mobile money in Cameroon and Uganda, and access to health information in Chile and Ireland – all alongside diverse trajectories of ageing in Al Quds, Brazil and Italy. Only then can we know what a smartphone is and understand its consequences for people’s lives around the world.

     
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  5. Ageing with Smartphones in Ireland : When life becomes craft
    Author: Garvey, Pauline; Miller, Daniel
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  UCL Press, London

    There are not many books about how people get younger. It doesn’t happen very often. But Ageing with Smartphones in Ireland documents a radical change in the experience of ageing. Based on two ethnographies, one within Dublin and the other from the... more

     

    There are not many books about how people get younger. It doesn’t happen very often. But Ageing with Smartphones in Ireland documents a radical change in the experience of ageing. Based on two ethnographies, one within Dublin and the other from the Dublin region, the book shows that people, rather than seeing themselves as old, focus on crafting a new life in retirement. Our research participants apply new ideals of sustainability both to themselves and to their environment. They go for long walks, play bridge, do yoga, and keep as healthy as possible. As part of Ireland’s mainstream middle class, they may have more time than the young to embrace green ideals and more money to move to energy-efficient homes, throw out household detritus and protect their environment. The smartphone has become integral to this new trajectory. For some it is an intimidating burden linked to being on the wrong side of a new digital divide. But for most, however, it has brought back the extended family and old friends, and helped resolve intergenerational conflicts though facilitating new forms of grandparenting. It has also become central to health issues, whether by Googling information or looking after frail parents. The smartphone enables this sense of getting younger as people download the music of their youth and develop new interests. This is a book about acknowledging late middle age in contemporary Ireland. How do older people in Ireland experience life today? Praise for Ageing with Smartphones in Ireland 'An innovative and thorough description and analysis of how one small piece of technology has changed the way Irish people live their lives.' Tom Inglis, Professor Emeritus of Sociology in University College Dublin ; 'An innovative and thorough description and analysis of how one small piece of technology has changed the way Irish people live their lives.' Tom Inglis, Professor Emeritus of Sociology in University College Dublin

     
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  6. Ageing with Smartphones in Urban Italy : Care and community in Milan and beyond
    Author: Walton, Shireen
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  UCL Press, London

    ‘Who am I at this (st)age? Where am I and where should I be, and how and where should I live?’ These questions, which individuals ask themselves throughout their lives, are among the central themes of this book, which presents an anthropological... more

     

    ‘Who am I at this (st)age? Where am I and where should I be, and how and where should I live?’ These questions, which individuals ask themselves throughout their lives, are among the central themes of this book, which presents an anthropological account of the everyday experiences of age and ageing in an inner-city neighbourhood in Milan, and in places and spaces beyond.Ageing with Smartphones in Urban Italy explores ageing and digital technologies amidst a backdrop of rapid global technological innovation, including mHealth (mobile health) and smart cities, and a number of wider socio-economic and technological transformations that have brought about significant changes in how people live, work and retire, and how they communicate and care for each other. Based on 16 months of urban digital ethnographic research in Milan, the smartphone is shown to be a ‘constant companion’ in, of and for contemporary life. It accompanies people throughout the day and night, and through individual and collective experiences of movement, change and rupture. Smartphone practices tap into and reflect the moral anxieties of the present moment, while posing questions related to life values and purpose, identities and belonging, privacy and sociability. Through her extensive investigation, Shireen Walton argues that ageing with smartphones in this contemporary urban Italian context is about living with ambiguity, change and contradiction, as well as developing curiosities about a changing world, our changing selves, and changing relationships with and to others. Ageing with smartphones is about figuring out how best to live together, differently.

     
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  7. New ways of financing transport infrastructure projects in Europe
    study
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  EPRS, Brussels

    Meeting large infrastructure needs - including its proper maintenance and operation - is and will remain a major challenge for the European Union in the coming years requiring targeted innovative financing mechanisms. Technological and systems... more

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    Meeting large infrastructure needs - including its proper maintenance and operation - is and will remain a major challenge for the European Union in the coming years requiring targeted innovative financing mechanisms. Technological and systems innovation such as Collaborative Internet, Big and Open Access Data, 5G or Galileo are contributing to a faster deployment of intelligent and collaborative transport systems which will foster the development of an integrated and smooth transport network across regions. This study assesses a range of mechanisms to finance transport infrastructure projects in cross-border regions, and analyses the strategic role that the European Groupings of Territorial Cohesion (EGTC) could play in the planning and implementation of cross-border investments. Special attention is given to the often neglected small-scale projects, whose investment is up to €1 million. Building on an in-depth literature review, and supported by interviews with various regional cooperation structures and an experts' workshop, the study analyses the current situation regarding the availability of financing tools for new technologies that enhance transport infrastructure in cross-border regions. It also outlines sources of financial support that could meet investment needs and assesses technological challenges and trends in the field of Intelligent Transport Systems, with a focus on regional interoperability. The study ends with suggestions of policy options to facilitate and accelerate cross-border transport infrastructure projects.

     
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  8. Should we fear artificial intelligence?
    in-depth analysis
    Author: Metzinger, Thomas; Bentley, Peter James; Häggström, Olle; Brundage, Miles
    Published: March 2018
    Publisher:  EPRS, Brussels

    For some years now, artificial intelligence (AI), has been gaining momentum. A wave of programmes that get the maximum performance out of latest generation processors are obtaining spectacular results. One of the most outstanding AI applications is... more

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    For some years now, artificial intelligence (AI), has been gaining momentum. A wave of programmes that get the maximum performance out of latest generation processors are obtaining spectacular results. One of the most outstanding AI applications is voice recognition: while the first models were awkward and marked by constant defects, they are now capable of responding correctly to all sorts of user requests in the most diverse situations. In the field of image recognition, remarkable advances are also being made, with programs able to recognise figures - and even cats - in online videos now being adapted for the software to control the autonomous cars set to invade our streets in the coming years. Today, we cannot imagine a future in Europe without advanced AI that will impact more and more facets of our lives, from work to medicine, and from education to interpersonal relations.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789284626762
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Künstliche Intelligenz; Informationstechnik; Verantwortung; Ethik; Roboter; artificial intelligence; information processing; robotics; information technology; information technology applications; new technology; impact of information technology
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The silver economy
    final report : a study prepared for the European Commission DG Communications Networks, Content & Technology by
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report was commissioned by the European Commission to support the development of Silver Economy in Europe. The main objective is to provide the European Commission with key strategic information and a reference framework for the development of a... more

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    This report was commissioned by the European Commission to support the development of Silver Economy in Europe. The main objective is to provide the European Commission with key strategic information and a reference framework for the development of a Silver Economy Strategy for Europe. The intent of this strategy is to foster economic growth in Europe by focusing on technological and labour markets relevant to an ageing population, and exploit opportunities and tackle the societal challenge of demographic change. Although intended to aid the Commission in their development of a European strategy, this information will also be relevant to other policy makers within specific European Member States as well as industry decision makers. Technopolis Group in partnership with Oxford Economics conducted the study which comprised the following methodological steps: (i) Estimating the current and potential size of the EU Silver Economy based on statistical data and our impact model; (ii) Mapping major policy initiatives, at the national and regional level, to demonstrate the variety of sectors, geographic coverage and potential for socio-economic impact in Europe; (iii) Developing 10 case studies of the most promising opportunities, using online ideation with the stakeholder community to identify, categorise and prioritise the main determinants of opportunity areas; (iv) Formulating policy recommendations focusing on how best to foster the Silver Economy in Europe; and (v) Validating findings with a cross-section of stakeholders via a participatory workshop. While this report presents the major results of the study, a separate Supplementary Material includes the detailed methodology, an overview of current and planned Silver Economy related initiatives across Europe, a detailed presentation of the ten cases, and a longer list of policy recommendations for growing the EU Silver Economy.

     
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  10. The impact of new technologies on the labour market and the social economy
    study
    Author: Dachs, Bernhard
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  EPRS, Brussels

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  11. Broadband coverage in Europe 2017
    final report
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The Broadband Coverage in Europe study is designed to monitor the progress of EU Member States toward their specific broadband coverage objectives - namely: 'Universal Broadband Coverage with speeds at least 30 Mbps by 2020' and 'Broadband Coverage... more

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    The Broadband Coverage in Europe study is designed to monitor the progress of EU Member States toward their specific broadband coverage objectives - namely: 'Universal Broadband Coverage with speeds at least 30 Mbps by 2020' and 'Broadband Coverage of 50% of households with speeds at least 100 Mbps by 2020'.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279812873
    Other identifier:
    Corporations / Congresses:
    IHS Markit, Firma (VerfasserIn)
    Subjects: Breitbandkommunikation; Infrastrukturversorgung; EU-Staaten; information technology; new technology; telecommunications; transmission network; mobile phone; telecommunications equipment; waveband
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 206 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The determinants of R&D investment
    the role of cash flow and capabilities
    Author: Bogliacino, Francesco; Cardona, Sebastian Gómez
    Published: December 2010
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    In this paper we have estimated a behavioural equation for R&D investment. We assess the impact of liquidity constraints and capabilities, measured respectively as internal cash flow and distance from the technological frontier. Our estimation is... more

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    In this paper we have estimated a behavioural equation for R&D investment. We assess the impact of liquidity constraints and capabilities, measured respectively as internal cash flow and distance from the technological frontier. Our estimation is performed on an industry level panel covering fifteen European countries from 1996 to 2005 and on a sample of European R&D performers extracted from COMPUSTAT covering 2000-2008. Both at industry level and firm level we found that financing constraints exist and that the distance from the frontier negatively affects the decision to engage in R&D. We claim that the implied divergence pattern opens a gap for policy intervention, but that these policies should be correctly tailored and should also promote enablers of technological change.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279188732
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/202126
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2010, 10
    Subjects: scientific research; research and development; new technology; profitability; investment promotion; research report; R&D; liquidity constraints; technological frontier; panel data
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Corporate R&D and firm efficiency
    evidence from Europe's top R&D investors
    Author: Kumbhakar, Subal; Ortega-Argilés, Raquel; Potters, Lesley; Vivarelli, Marco; Voigt, Peter
    Published: December 2010
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate R&D activities on firm performance, measured by labour productivity. To this end, the stochastic frontier technique is used on a unique unbalanced longitudinal dataset on top... more

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    The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of corporate R&D activities on firm performance, measured by labour productivity. To this end, the stochastic frontier technique is used on a unique unbalanced longitudinal dataset on top European R&D investors over the period 2000-2005. The study quantifies technical inefficiency of individual firms. From a policy perspective, the results of this study suggest that - if the aim is to leverage firms' productivity - emphasis should be put on supporting corporate R&D in high-tech sectors and, to some extent, in medium-tech sectors. On the other hand, corporate R&D in the low-tech sector is found to have a minor effect in explaining productivity. Instead, encouraging investment in fixed assets appears important for the productivity of low-tech industries. Hence, the allocation of support for corporate R&D seems to be as important as its overall increase and an "erga omnes" approach across all sectors appears inappropriate. However, with regard to technical efficiency, R&D intensity is found to be a pivotal factor in explaining firm efficiency. This is true for all industries.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279189463
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    hdl: 10419/202127
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2010, 11
    Subjects: scientific research; research and development; new technology; profitability; investment promotion; research report; Corporate R&D; productivity; technical efficiency; stochastic frontier analysis
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Job creation effects of R&D expenditures
    are high-tech sectors the key?
    Author: Bogliacino, Francesco; Piva, Mariacristina; Vivarelli, Marco
    Published: December 2011
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    In this paper we assess the job creation effect of R&D expenditures, using a unique longitudinal database of 677 European companies over the period 1990-2008. We estimate a dynamic labour demand specification using a Least Squares Dummy Variable... more

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    In this paper we assess the job creation effect of R&D expenditures, using a unique longitudinal database of 677 European companies over the period 1990-2008. We estimate a dynamic labour demand specification using a Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected (LSDVC) technique. The labour-friendly nature of R&D emerges from the empirical analysis on the overall sample. However, this positive significant effect corresponds to the high-tech sector and services, while the effect is not significant for traditional manufacturing. The results support the policy agenda of promoting structural change in European economies.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279233920
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    hdl: 10419/202138
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2011, 10
    Subjects: job creation; innovation; employment policy; research and development; new technology; goods and services; labour market; research report; innovation; employment; manufacturing; services; LSDVC
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten)
  15. Research cooperation within and across regional boundaries
    does innovation policy add anything?
    Author: Marzucchi, Alberto; Antonioli, Davide; Montresor, Sandro
    Published: November 2012
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    The paper aims to show how policy makers can stimulate firms' cooperation with research organisations in innovation. We argue that the administration of an R&D subsidy can be effective. Furthermore, this should be more so for extra-regional than... more

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    The paper aims to show how policy makers can stimulate firms' cooperation with research organisations in innovation. We argue that the administration of an R&D subsidy can be effective. Furthermore, this should be more so for extra-regional than intra-regional cooperation. The firms' propensity to extend cooperation across the region is assumed to increase with the amount of support. However, the support must overcome a threshold, for firms to cover the fixed costs of distant interactions. These research hypotheses are tested with respect to a sample of firms in a region of Italy. Propensity score matching is applied to identify the impact of the subsidy receipt. A generalised propensity score technique is employed to investigate the effect of an increasing amount of support. All the hypotheses are not rejected. Firms' cooperation is policy sensitive, but the size of the support is crucial for its effects.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279271632
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    hdl: 10419/202142
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2012, 04
    Subjects: innovation; new technology; research policy; scientific cooperation; research and development; cross-border cooperation; Italy; research report; Industry-Research Cooperation; Regional Innovation Systems; Behavioural Additionality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. The scale-up gap
    financial market constraints holding back innovative firms in the European Union
    Author: Fratto, Chiara; Gatti, Matteo; Kivernyk, Anastasia; Sinnott, Emily; Van Der Wielen, Wouter
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    Closing the scale-up financing gap is essential for the European Union to maintain its edge in technology. Scale-ups are young, medium-sized firms with high growth potential, more productive than the average company and leader in the development of... more

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    Closing the scale-up financing gap is essential for the European Union to maintain its edge in technology. Scale-ups are young, medium-sized firms with high growth potential, more productive than the average company and leader in the development of new technologies. This report provides new evidence on the financial constraints faced by companies as they enter the crucial scale-up phase. The analysis follows firms that received venture capital backing and reached the scale-up phase in the European Union after 2013. By tracking these firms over time, the report examines the financing they receive and the investors they attract. The report also documents the link between financial constraints and firms' outcomes, including relocations and likelihood to exit via initial public offering or acquisition. Addressing the scale-up gap requires the removal of investment barriers, including making advancements in deepening capital markets, particularly the venture capital market, and targeted public interventions to jump start the market.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789286157882
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    Series: Array
    Subjects: size of business; financial market; venture capital; innovation; investment; entrepreneurship; new technology; corporate finance; company growth; financing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Notes:

    Bibl
  17. Directions for sustainable agricultural water investments
    Author: Ghosh, Emily; Oudra, Ismail; Kemp-Benedict, Eric; Huber-Lee, Annette; Nazareth, Anisha
    Published: 2022
    Publisher:  Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9789251359112
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    Series: Directions in investment ; number 7
    Subjects: agricultural water use; investment; public-private cooperation; financing; trends; new technology; sustainability
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. China
    challenges and prospects from an industrial and innovation powerhouse
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This report analyses China's approach to attaining a dominant position in international markets through a combination of industrial, research & innovation (R&I), trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) policies. It also offers an assessment of... more

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    This report analyses China's approach to attaining a dominant position in international markets through a combination of industrial, research & innovation (R&I), trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) policies. It also offers an assessment of China's current position compared to the EU and US innovation systems across a range of dimensions. China is rapidly becoming a major industrial competitor in high-tech and growth sectors. It aims, through the Made in China (MIC) 2025 strategy, to become a world leader in 10 key industrial sectors: 1. Next-generation IT; 2. High-end numerical control machinery and robotics; 3. Aerospace and aviation equipment; 4. Maritime engineering equipment and high-tech maritime vessel manufacturing; 5. Advanced rail equipment; 6. Energy-saving vehicles and new energy vehicles; 7. Electrical equipment; 8. Agricultural machinery and equipment; 9. New materials; 10. Biopharmaceutical and high-performance medical devices. In these sectors, it strives to strengthen its domestic innovation capacity, to reduce its reliance on foreign technologies while moving up global value chains. The MIC 2025 strategy aims to encourage substantial investments from national and regional governments to support domestic firms and improve knowledge infrastructures. The government intends to strengthen China's innovation capabilities and overall competitiveness by, in its own words, 'relying on market forces', though, in line with its 'socialist market economy', the state will remain central.

     
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  19. The changing nature of work and skills in the digital age
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Social media manager, Airbnb host, influencer, SEO specialist, app developer, Uber driver, driverless car engineer, podcast producer and drone operator: these are just some of the jobs that did not exist 10 years ago. What will happen in the future?... more

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    Social media manager, Airbnb host, influencer, SEO specialist, app developer, Uber driver, driverless car engineer, podcast producer and drone operator: these are just some of the jobs that did not exist 10 years ago. What will happen in the future? What will today's 10-year-olds do when they are 25? What kind of jobs will disappear, what will be created and why? Which new skills will be valuable in the job market? What new forms of work are emerging? In the European Union (EU), the technological revolution is causing significant changes in the world of work. Some jobs are at risk of being lost to machines. Others are being transformed and new ones are being created. As a result, the skills we need are also changing. At the same time, new forms of employment are on the rise. Occupational structures are shifting, often leading to polarisation in employment and wages which in turn, can increase inequalities.

     
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  20. Legal and regulatory implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI)
    the case of autonomous vehicles, m-health and data mining : a joint EIT-JRC project
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    AI will have numerous positive impacts on various aspects of our daily life, but it also presents several challenges. To fully benefit from AI potential, an appropriate regulatory and enabling framework needs to be put in place. This report presents... more

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    AI will have numerous positive impacts on various aspects of our daily life, but it also presents several challenges. To fully benefit from AI potential, an appropriate regulatory and enabling framework needs to be put in place. This report presents the findings of a EIT/JRC joint project seeking to identify legal and regulatory challenges the usage of AI technology may bring for start-ups, in an attempt to raise awareness and knowledge about potential hurdles. The report contains the summary of the Workshop "Legal and regulatory implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI): the case" organised in this context, the three papers produced by the experts associated to the project and the project conclus ions. During the Workshop's plenary session, various speakers presented the EC policy landscape, gave concrete examples of EIT innovative projects, and examined the fundamental issue of liability for potential damages caused by AI systems. The experts' papers reviewed during the parallel session provide detailed insights on three specific sectors: notably autonomous vehicles, mobile-health and data mining. Thus the paper on autonomous vehicles tackles, among other issues, the implications of different licence's regimes for road testing, the lack of harmonised safety standards and the absence of a clear liability framework. From a more operational perspective, the expert's paper on m-health highlights concerns raised by the application of GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) and provides further details on other aspects, such us the tension between portability rights and intellectual property, the application of the regulation on medical devices to m-apps, and the disparities in liability rules. Finally, the legal framework for the use and access to data for AI is explored in the paper on text and data mining. As a conclusion, a number of gaps have been identified across the sectors that may require adjustments in regulation, often on sectorial basis. Finally, it was noted that, when addressing them, policymakers should work closely with industry in order to produce relevant, useful, and balanced legislation.

     
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  21. State of play of connected and automated driving and future challenges and opportunities for Europe's cities and regions
    Author: Pucher, Jürgen; Schausberger, Wolfgang; Werneck, Tanja
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  European Committee of the Regions, Bruxelles, Belgique

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  22. The AI techno-economic segment analysis
    selected indicators
    Author: De Prato, Giuditta; López Cobo, Montserrat; Samoili, Sofia; Righi, Riccardo; Vázquez-Prada Baillet, Miguel; Cardona, Mélisande
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    The Techno-Economics Segment (TES) analytical approach aims to offer a timely representation of an integrated and very dynamic technological domain not captured by official statistics or standard classifications. Domains of that type, such as... more

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    The Techno-Economics Segment (TES) analytical approach aims to offer a timely representation of an integrated and very dynamic technological domain not captured by official statistics or standard classifications. Domains of that type, such as photonics and artificial intelligence (AI), are rapidly evolving and expected to play a key role in the digital transformation, enabling further developments. They are therefore policy relevant and it is important to have available a methodology and tools suitable to map their geographic presence, technological development, economic impact, and overall evolution. The TES approach was developed by the JRC. It provides quantitative analyses in a micro-based perspective. AI has become an area of strategic importance with potential to be a key driver of economic development. The Commission announced in April 2018 a European strategy on AI in its communication "Artificial Intelligence for Europe", COM(2018)237, and in December a Coordinated Action Plan, COM(2018)795. In order to provide quantitative evidences for monitoring AI technologies in the worldwide economies, the TES approach is applied to AI in the present study. The general aim of this work is to provide an analysis of the AI techno-economic complex system, addressing the following three fundamental research questions: (i) Which are the economic players involved in the research and development as well as in the production and commercialisation of AI goods and services? And where are they located? (ii) Which specific technological areas (under the large umbrella of AI) have these players been working at? (iii) How is the network resulting from their collaboration shaped and what collaborations have they been developing? This report addresses these research questions throughout its different sections, providing both an overview of the AI landscape and a deep understanding of the structure of the socio-economic system, offering useful insights for possible policy initiatives. This is even more relevant and challenging as the considered technologies are consolidating and introducing deep changes in the economy and the society. From this perspective, the goal of this report is to draw a detailed map of the considered ecosystem, and to analyse it in a multidimensional way, while keeping the policy perspective in mind. The period considered in our analysis covers from 2009 to 2018. We detected close to 58,000 relevant documents and, identified 34,000 players worldwide involved in AI-related economic processes. We collected and processed information regarding these players to set up a basis from which the exploration of the ecosystem can take multiple directions depending on the targeted objective. In this report, we present indicators regarding three dimensions of analysis: (i) the worldwide landscape overview, (ii) the involvement of players in specific AI technological sub-domains, and (iii) the activities and the collaborations in AI R&D processes. These are just some of the dimensions that can be investigated with the TES approach. We are currently including and analysing additional ones.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789276125846
    Other identifier:
    Series: JRC technical reports
    Subjects: Künstliche Intelligenz; Digitalisierung; Forschung; Welt; artificial intelligence; digital technology; technological change; research and development; economic policy; new technology; research report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Technological trends in the medical devices industry and related healthcare
    Author: Izsak, Kincsö; Terrier, Apolline
    Published: May 2020
    Publisher:  European Commission, Brussels

    This sectoral report has been prepared in the framework of the 'Advanced Technologies for Industry' (ATI) project. It analyses trends in the generation and uptake of advanced technologies, entrepreneurial activities and skills supply and demand in... more

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    This sectoral report has been prepared in the framework of the 'Advanced Technologies for Industry' (ATI) project. It analyses trends in the generation and uptake of advanced technologies, entrepreneurial activities and skills supply and demand in the medical devices industry, and secondly, it also explores trends in the related healthcare sector from a demand-side perspective. The analysis interprets data from a list of sources compiled to monitor advanced technologies and their applications in industry across Europe and key competitor economies. Medical devices are defined as any apparatus, appliance, software or material, which is used for the diagnosis, prevention, monitoring, or treatment of diseases, injury or disability1. Besides medical devices, it also discusses the related use and uptake of digital technologies in the healthcare sector. The starting point of this analysis has been 16 advanced technologies that are a priority for European industrial policy and that enable process, product and service innovation throughout the economy and hence foster industrial modernisation. Advanced technologies are defined as recent or future technologies that are expected to substantially alter the business and social environment and include advanced materials, advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence, augmented and virtual reality, big data, blockchain, cloud technologies, connectivity, industrial biotechnology, Internet of Things, micro and nanoelectronics, mobility, nanotechnology, photonics, robotics, security. The relevance of these specific technologies in the medical devices industry has been explored through patent analysis and data on private equity investments, skills and technology uptake. The full methodology behind the data calculations is available here: This report is structured as the following: - The first section sets the industrial context. - The second section analyses technological trends in advanced technologies applied in the medical devices industry based on patents and text-mining of company websites. - The third section presents findings about private equity investment and startup/spinoff activity. - The fourth section explores the supply and demand of skills related to advanced technologies. - The fifth chapter concludes with a short future outlook.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292029241
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    Series: Array
    Subjects: Technischer Fortschritt; Performance-Messung; Medizinprodukteindustrie; EU-Staaten; new technology; medical device; health service; healthcare industry; investment; professional qualifications; big data; artificial intelligence; information security; advanced technology industry; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Report on China
    technological capacities and key policy measures
    Author: Heimberger, Heidi; Horvat, Djerdj; Kroll, Henning; Shauchuk, Palina
    Published: May 2020
    Publisher:  European Commission, Brussels

    The objective of the international country reports is to explore the technology and policy landscape of selected non-European countries. Country performance in advanced technologies is presented based on patent, trade and investment data. The reports... more

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    The objective of the international country reports is to explore the technology and policy landscape of selected non-European countries. Country performance in advanced technologies is presented based on patent, trade and investment data. The reports provide also a concise and informative review of policies relevant for advanced technology development and deployment. The starting point of this analysis has been sixteen advanced technologies that are a priority for European industrial policy and that enable process, product and service innovation throughout the economy and hence foster industrial modernisation. Advanced technologies are defined as recent or future technologies that are expected to substantially alter the business and social environment and include Advanced Materials, Advanced Manufacturing, Artificial Intelligence, Augmented and Virtual Reality, Big Data, Blockchain, Cloud Technologies, Connectivity, Industrial Biotechnology, the Internet of Things, Micro and Nanoelectronics, Mobility, Nanotechnology, Photonics, Robotics and Security. The full methodology behind the data calculations is available on the ATI website: ati.ec.europa.eu. The report is structured as the following: The first section outlines the capacities of China in terms of technology generation (patent applications), followed by an analysis of international competitiveness in technology-based products (export shares) and, eventually, entrepreneurial dynamism (venture capital activities and investments in tech firms). The second section analyses the main policy strategy of China in support of advanced technologies and provides an overview of some of the key policy initiatives and policy measures in the field.

     
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  25. Advanced technologies for industry
    sectoral watch : technological trends in the agri-food industry
    Author: Van de Velde, Els; Kretz, Daniela; Izsak, Kincsö
    Published: August 2020
    Publisher:  European Commission, Brussels

    This sectoral report has been prepared in the framework of the 'Advanced Technologies for Industry' (ATI) project, initiated by the European Commission, Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs and the Executive... more

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    This sectoral report has been prepared in the framework of the 'Advanced Technologies for Industry' (ATI) project, initiated by the European Commission, Directorate General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs and the Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. It analyses trends in the generation and uptake of advanced technologies, related entrepreneurial activities and skills needs in the agri-food sector with a specific emphasis on Industrial Biotechnology, Robotics, Big Data and Internet of Things (including e-commerce and app design). It interprets data from a list of data sources compiled to monitor advanced technologies and their applications in industry across Europe and key competitor economies. The starting point of this analysis has been 16 advanced technologies that are a priority for European industrial policy and that enable process, product and service innovation throughout the economy and hence foster industrial modernisation. Advanced technologies are defined as recent or future technologies that are expected to substantially alter the business and social environment and include advanced materials, advanced manufacturing, artificial intelligence (AI), augmented and virtual reality, big data, blockchain, cloud technologies, connectivity, industrial biotechnology, Internet of Things (IoT), micro and nanoelectronics, IT for mobility, nanotechnology, photonics, robotics, security. The relevance of these specific technologies in the agri-food industry has been explored through patent analysis and data on private equity investments, skills and technology uptake. The full methodology behind the data calculations is available here: ati.ec.europa.eu. This report is structured as follows: - The first section sets the industrial context. - The second section analyses technological trends in advanced technologies applied in the agrifood industry based on patents and text-mining of company websites. - The third section presents findings about private equity investment and startup/spinoff activity. - The fourth section explores the supply and demand of skills related to advanced technologies in the agri-food industry. - The fifth section concludes with a short future outlook.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789294601117
    Other identifier:
    Subjects: Technischer Fortschritt; Agroindustrie; EU-Staaten; new technology; agro-industry; biotechnology; robotics; big data; Internet of Things; innovation; industrial policy; nanotechnology; Internet site; investment; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen