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  1. Gender equality and women's empowerment in fragile and conflict-affected situations
    a review of donor support
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    Gender inequality, conflict and fragility are key challenges to sustainable development. They are inextricably linked: unequal gender relations can drive conflict and violence, while women’s active participation contributes to peace and resilience.... more

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    Gender inequality, conflict and fragility are key challenges to sustainable development. They are inextricably linked: unequal gender relations can drive conflict and violence, while women’s active participation contributes to peace and resilience. This policy paper identifies recommendations for development partners based on four case study countries: Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Ethiopia and Nepal. It concludes that providing effective support for gender equality and sustainable peace requires an understanding of gender, conflict and fragility that is deeper, wider, and more politically informed than currently, with a strong focus on women as agents of change.

     

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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Corporations / Congresses:
    DAC Network on Gender Equality (VerfasserIn)
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 8 (October 2017)
    Subjects: Gender equality; women’s empowerment; conflict; fragility; fragile situations; development co-operation; donors; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Financing for stability in the post-2015 era
    Author: Poole, Lydia
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    This study and its associated guidance contribute to advancing thinking and understanding about one of the most significant challenges that the international community faces in fragile contexts: how to provide the right financing. The paper... more

    Access:
    Resolving-System (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    This study and its associated guidance contribute to advancing thinking and understanding about one of the most significant challenges that the international community faces in fragile contexts: how to provide the right financing. The paper summarises new and emerging instruments and approaches in financing stability and resilience, and points to some of the gaps and challenges that remain in the fragility, resilience and stability space. It is not intended as holistic policy guidance on “how to” engage effectively across international and domestic, public and private instruments in fragile contexts. Instead, the paper is complemented by separate guidance on financing strategies: approaches to better align financing to support the delivery of results at the country-level. The research acknowledges that there are many high-level strategic debates which have yet to be resolved, which concern the comparative advantage and future role of Official Development Assistance (ODA) within a more diverse division of labour in financing, as well as a huge range of technical and capacity challenges ahead. The analysis, observations and conclusions put forward in this study should be interpreted therefore as preliminary contributions to what is a live and dynamic process of debate and adaptation.

     

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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 10 (February 2018)
    Subjects: fragility; financing; stability; resilience; crisis; humanitarian; investment; peace; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Financing for stability
    guidance for practitioners
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    This guidance outlines the process for developing financing strategies for fragile contexts: financing for stability. The process includes the concrete steps to take to deliver the financing strategy, accompanied by financing principles, and a range... more

    Access:
    Resolving-System (lizenzpflichtig)
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
    Unlimited inter-library loan, copies and loan

     

    This guidance outlines the process for developing financing strategies for fragile contexts: financing for stability. The process includes the concrete steps to take to deliver the financing strategy, accompanied by financing principles, and a range of tactical investments, that allow financing actors to use financing to incentivise certain behaviours and priority investments, and to invest in enabling conditions and public goods.

     

    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 11 (February 2018)
    Subjects: development finance; fragile contexts; fragility; stability; aid; ODA; strategy; guidance; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. We Find Ourselves in Other People's Stories
    On Narrative Collapse and a Lifetime Search for Story
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Routledge,, Boca Raton, FL

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  5. Gender equality and women's empowerment in fragile and conflict-affected situations
    a review of donor support
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    Gender inequality, conflict and fragility are key challenges to sustainable development. They are inextricably linked: unequal gender relations can drive conflict and violence, while women’s active participation contributes to peace and resilience.... more

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    Gender inequality, conflict and fragility are key challenges to sustainable development. They are inextricably linked: unequal gender relations can drive conflict and violence, while women’s active participation contributes to peace and resilience. This policy paper identifies recommendations for development partners based on four case study countries: Bangladesh, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Ethiopia and Nepal. It concludes that providing effective support for gender equality and sustainable peace requires an understanding of gender, conflict and fragility that is deeper, wider, and more politically informed than currently, with a strong focus on women as agents of change.

     

    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Corporations / Congresses:
    DAC Network on Gender Equality (VerfasserIn)
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 8 (October 2017)
    Subjects: Gender equality; women’s empowerment; conflict; fragility; fragile situations; development co-operation; donors; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Financing for stability in the post-2015 era
    Author: Poole, Lydia
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    This study and its associated guidance contribute to advancing thinking and understanding about one of the most significant challenges that the international community faces in fragile contexts: how to provide the right financing. The paper... more

    Access:
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    This study and its associated guidance contribute to advancing thinking and understanding about one of the most significant challenges that the international community faces in fragile contexts: how to provide the right financing. The paper summarises new and emerging instruments and approaches in financing stability and resilience, and points to some of the gaps and challenges that remain in the fragility, resilience and stability space. It is not intended as holistic policy guidance on “how to” engage effectively across international and domestic, public and private instruments in fragile contexts. Instead, the paper is complemented by separate guidance on financing strategies: approaches to better align financing to support the delivery of results at the country-level. The research acknowledges that there are many high-level strategic debates which have yet to be resolved, which concern the comparative advantage and future role of Official Development Assistance (ODA) within a more diverse division of labour in financing, as well as a huge range of technical and capacity challenges ahead. The analysis, observations and conclusions put forward in this study should be interpreted therefore as preliminary contributions to what is a live and dynamic process of debate and adaptation.

     

    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 10 (February 2018)
    Subjects: fragility; financing; stability; resilience; crisis; humanitarian; investment; peace; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Financing for stability
    guidance for practitioners
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, [Paris, France]

    This guidance outlines the process for developing financing strategies for fragile contexts: financing for stability. The process includes the concrete steps to take to deliver the financing strategy, accompanied by financing principles, and a range... more

    Access:
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    This guidance outlines the process for developing financing strategies for fragile contexts: financing for stability. The process includes the concrete steps to take to deliver the financing strategy, accompanied by financing principles, and a range of tactical investments, that allow financing actors to use financing to incentivise certain behaviours and priority investments, and to invest in enabling conditions and public goods.

     

    Export to reference management software   RIS file
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    Content information
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: OECD development policy papers ; no. 11 (February 2018)
    Subjects: development finance; fragile contexts; fragility; stability; aid; ODA; strategy; guidance; Development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. We Find Ourselves in Other People’s Stories
    On Narrative Collapse and a Lifetime Search for Story
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Routledge, Boca Raton, FL ; Taylor & Francis Group, London

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  9. We Find Ourselves in Other People's Stories
    On Narrative Collapse and a Lifetime Search for Story
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  Routledge,, Boca Raton, FL

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  10. Asset encumbrance, bank funding and fragility
    Published: [2017]
    Publisher:  European Systemic Risk Board, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    We propose a model of asset encumbrance by banks subject to rollover risk and study the consequences for fragility, funding costs, and prudential regulation. A bank's choice of encumbrance trades off the benefit of expanding profitable investment... more

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    We propose a model of asset encumbrance by banks subject to rollover risk and study the consequences for fragility, funding costs, and prudential regulation. A bank's choice of encumbrance trades off the benefit of expanding profitable investment funded by cheap long-term secured debt against the cost of greater fragility due to unsecured debt runs. We derive several testable implications about privately optimal encumbrance ratios. Deposit insurance or wholesale funding guarantees induce excessive encumbrance and exacerbate fragility. We show how regulations such as explicit limits on encumbrance ratios and revenueneutral Pigouvian taxes can mitigate the risk-shifting incentives of banks.

     

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    ISBN: 9789295081932
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    hdl: 10419/193559
    Series: Working paper series / ESRB, European Systemic Risk Board, European System of Financial Supervision ; no 52 (July 2017)
    Subjects: asset encumbrance; rollover risk; wholesale funding; fragility; runs; secured debt; unsecured debt; encumbrance limits; encumbrance surcharges
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Can digital aid deliver during humanitarian crises?
    Published: July 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    Can digital payments systems help reduce extreme hunger? Humanitarian needs are at their highest since 1945, aid budgets are falling behind, and hunger is concentrating in fragile states where repression and aid diversion present major obstacles. In... more

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    Can digital payments systems help reduce extreme hunger? Humanitarian needs are at their highest since 1945, aid budgets are falling behind, and hunger is concentrating in fragile states where repression and aid diversion present major obstacles. In such contexts, partnering with governments is often neither feasible nor desirable, making private digital platforms a potentially useful means of delivering assistance. We experimentally evaluated digital payments to extremely poor, female-headed households in Afghanistan, as part of a partnership between community, nonprofit, and private organizations. The payments led to substantial improvements in food security and mental well-being. Despite beneficiaries' limited tech literacy, 99.75% used the payments, and stringent checks revealed no evidence of diversion. Before seeing our results, policymakers and experts are uncertain and skeptical about digital aid, consistent with the lack of prior evidence on digital payments for humanitarian response. Delivery costs are under 7 cents per dollar, which is 10 cents per dollar less than the World Food Programme's global figure for cash-based transfers. These savings can help reduce hunger without additional resources, demonstrating how hybrid partnerships utilizing digital platform technologies can help address grand challenges in difficult contexts.

     

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    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11220 (2024)
    Subjects: hunger; fragility; digital payments
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  12. Theories of change for promoting empowerment and accountability in fragile and conflict-affected settings
    Published: October 2017
    Publisher:  Communications and Engagement Unit, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781781184059
    Series: IDS working paper ; volume 2017, no 499
    Subjects: fragility; empowerment; accountability; theory of change; theory of action; Myanmar; aid
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Entropy, directionality theory and the evolution o income inequality
    Published: April 2022
    Publisher:  Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business, Barcelona

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    Series: Economics working paper series ; no. 1835
    Subjects: Income generating process; interaction network; entropy; cooperation; mutualism; income inequality; fragility; pre-modern society
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Notes:

    Der Titel müsste lauten: Entropy, directionality theory and the evolution of income inequality

  14. Entropy, directionality theory and the evolution of income inequality
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  BSE, Barcelona School of Economics, [Barcelona]

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    Series: BSE working paper ; 1343 (April 2022)
    Subjects: Income generating process; interaction network; entropy; cooperation; mutualism; income inequality; fragility; pre-modern society
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource
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    Kein Link zum Volltext vorhanden

  15. Bank runs, bank competition and opacity
    Published: December 2020
    Publisher:  Verein für Socialpolitik, [Köln]

    We model asset opacity and deposit rate choices of banks who imperfectly compete for uninsured deposits, are subject to runs, and face a threat of entry. Higher competition increases deposit rates and bank fragility, resulting in an intermediate... more

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    We model asset opacity and deposit rate choices of banks who imperfectly compete for uninsured deposits, are subject to runs, and face a threat of entry. Higher competition increases deposit rates and bank fragility, resulting in an intermediate socially optimal level of bank competition. We provide a novel theory of bank opacity. The cost of opacity is more partial runs by creditors, which induces costly liquidation of investment and lowers current profits. The benefit of opacity is to deter entry of competitors, which increases bank charter value. Banks can be excessively opaque, motivating transparency regulation.

     

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    Series: Jahrestagung 2021 / Verein für Socialpolitik ; 31
    Subjects: Competition; entry; opacity; fragility; bank run; global games; competition policy; transparency regulation
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  16. Swing pricing and fragility in open-end mutual funds
    Published: 13 August 2019
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Series: Array ; DP13929
    Subjects: liquidity mismatch; fund runs; fragility; swing pricing; strategic complementarity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Blended finance in fragile contexts
    opportunities and risks
    Published: November 2019
    Publisher:  OECD, Paris, France

    The development community agrees on the need to address conflict and fragility for global security and sustainable development. In such complex situations, programming should strive to include multiple actors at various levels of society. Although... more

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    The development community agrees on the need to address conflict and fragility for global security and sustainable development. In such complex situations, programming should strive to include multiple actors at various levels of society. Although the use of private investment in fragile contexts has so far been low, the need to address the SDG funding gap makes innovative and more flexible financing methods worth considering. Official Development Aid remains critical, but blended finance can help enlarge the total resources available for development. This paper analyses the OECD-DAC statistics on amounts mobilised from the private sector by official development finance interventions, from 2012 to 2017, against the multidimensional lens presented in the OECD 2018 States of Fragility Framework. The data shows a positive relationship between blending opportunities and economic, political and environmental security. The amounts of private finance mobilised increase, as a country’s economic, political and environmental fragility decreases. The way blended finance interplays with societal fragility and security remains unclear, as these two dimensions exert more complex influence on the trade-off between perceived risks and anticipated returns, which typically guides private investors.

     

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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    Series: OECD development co-operation working paper ; 62
    OECD Development Co-operation Working Papers ; no.62
    Subjects: Development; stability; fragile contexts; development co-operation; fragility; development; blended finance; development finance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The implications of closing civic space for sustainable development in Pakistan
    Published: February 2019
    Publisher:  Communications and Engagement Unit, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781781185063
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    hdl: 20.500.12413/14315
    Series: IDS working paper ; volume 2019, no 521
    Subjects: closing civic space; NGOs; Pakistan; fragility; civil society; aid; sustainable development
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. A new tool for robust estimation and identification of unusual data points
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, [Cleveland, OH]

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    Series: Working paper / Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland ; 20, 08 (March 2020)
    Subjects: big data; machine learning; outlier identification; fragility; robust estimation; detMCD; RMVN
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. The role of external actors in supporting social and political action towards empowerment and accountability with a focus on fragile, conflict- and violence-affected settings
    Published: December 2017
    Publisher:  Communications and Engagement Unit, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781781184103
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    hdl: 20.500.12413/13430
    Series: IDS working paper ; volume 2017, no 503
    Subjects: conflict; fragility; empowerment; accountability
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. True cost of immediacy
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Swiss Finance Institute, Geneva

    Traditional liquidity measures can provide a false impression of the liquidity and stability of financial market trading. Using data on auctions (bids wanted in competition; BWICs) from the collateralized loan obligation (CLO) market, we show that a... more

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    Traditional liquidity measures can provide a false impression of the liquidity and stability of financial market trading. Using data on auctions (bids wanted in competition; BWICs) from the collateralized loan obligation (CLO) market, we show that a standard measure of liquidity, the effective bid-ask spread, dramatically underestimates the true cost of immediacy because it does not account for failed attempts to trade. The true cost of immediacy is substantially higher than the observed costs for successful BWICs. This cost gap is higher in lower-rated CLOs and stressful market conditions when failure rates exceed 50%. Across our 2012-2020 sample period for trades in senior CLOs, the observed cost is four basis points (bps) while the true cost of immediacy is 13bps. In stressful periods, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, for junior tranches the observed cost of trading increases from an average of 12bps to 25bps while the true cost of immediacy increases from less than 3% to almost 15%

     

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    Series: Research paper series / Swiss Finance Institute ; no 20, 71
    Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper ; No. 20-71
    Subjects: Collateralized loan obligations; bids-wanted-in-competition; over-the-counter markets; liquidity; fragility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Who can we count on?
    authority, empowerment and accountability in Mozambique
    Published: February 2021
    Publisher:  Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
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    ISBN: 9781781187647
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    hdl: 20.500.12413/15933
    Series: IDS working paper ; volume 2021, no 546
    Subjects: Armut; Lebensbedingungen; Staat; Konflikt; Empowerment; Verantwortlichkeit; Governance; accountability; empowerment; conflict; research methodologies; fragility
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. One year after
    has the COVID-19 pandemic increased violence in sub-Saharan Africa?
    Published: September 2021
    Publisher:  German Institute for Global and Area Studies, Hamburg

    In spring 2020, observers and practitioners warned that COVID-19 would increase violence in sub-Saharan Africa by creating an economic shock that would lead to distributional conflicts and government repression. Compared to before the pandemic,... more

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    Fachinformationsverbund Internationale Beziehungen und Länderkunde
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    In spring 2020, observers and practitioners warned that COVID-19 would increase violence in sub-Saharan Africa by creating an economic shock that would lead to distributional conflicts and government repression. Compared to before the pandemic, violence did increase in 2020, rising by 40 and 60 per cent in terms of fatalities and events, respectively. Controlling for important confounders, COVID-19 proves significant to the increase in violence in many models; however, a robust effect can be found only for "COVID-19 unrest," which forms a fraction of the violence and stems from the stringency of government reactions rather than the pandemic itself. Pre-pandemic fragility accounts best for the region's rise in violence. Expert assessments confirm these findings but also yield evidence warning against prematurely announcing an all-clear. The fallout of the pandemic on conflict is likely to have a longer period of incubation, and there are initial indications that conditions will worsen.

     

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    hdl: 10419/243218
    Series: GIGA working papers ; No 327
    GIGA Research Programme: Peace and Security
    Subjects: COVID-19; Pandemie; Wirkung; Auswirkung; Internationaler Konflikt; Politischer Konflikt; Innenpolitik; Bewaffneter Konflikt; Ursache; Konflikt; Failed State; Begrenzte Staatlichkeit; Wirtschaftsentwicklung; Korruption; COVID-19; armed conflict; fragility; sub-Saharan Africa; unrest; restrictions
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (52 Seiten), Diagramme
  24. Real interest rates, bank borrowing, and fragility
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Deutsche Bundesbank, Frankfurt am Main

    How do real interest rates affect financial fragility? We study this issue in a model in which bank borrowing is subject to rollover risk. A bank’s optimal borrowing trades off the benefit from investing additional funds into profitable assets with... more

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    How do real interest rates affect financial fragility? We study this issue in a model in which bank borrowing is subject to rollover risk. A bank’s optimal borrowing trades off the benefit from investing additional funds into profitable assets with the cost of greater risk of a run by bank creditors. Changes in the interest rate affect the price and amount of borrowing, both of which influence bank fragility in opposite directions. Thus, the marginal impact of changes to the interest rate on bank fragility depends on the level of the interest rate. Finally, we derive testable implications that may guide future empirical work.

     

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    ISBN: 9783957299277
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    hdl: 10419/266683
    Series: Discussion paper / Deutsche Bundesbank ; no 2022, 48
    Subjects: bank borrowing; rollover risk; fragility; real interest rates; global games; funding liquidity risk channel
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Aid and fragile states
    Published: June 2023
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Aid is still an important feature of the development landscape. Fragile states, in particular, have the greatest development needs but due to their poor governance they are the least likely countries to use aid effectively to meet their development... more

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    Aid is still an important feature of the development landscape. Fragile states, in particular, have the greatest development needs but due to their poor governance they are the least likely countries to use aid effectively to meet their development challenges. In this paper, we explore which fragile states receive most aid flows, which donors are particularly active in fragile states, and which type of projects are the focus of these aid flows to fragile states. Evidence so far suggests that the high number of donors and the volatility of ODA generate problems for recipients who are least able to deal with the issues of donor coordination and budget planning under uncertainty. Furthermore, despite different needs, aid spending patterns to fragile countries are not very different from the average recipient country, although extremely fragile countries benefit from aid targeted at humanitarian and peacebuilding needs. We suggest that aid in fragile states could be best allocated to address the specific needs of these countries, especially countries in the 'fragile' category that may be at risk of falling into the 'extremely fragile' category. Using specific aid flows to prevent such shifts could be a useful strategy for donors engaged in those countries.

     

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    ISBN: 9789292673918
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    hdl: 10419/283779
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2023, 83
    Subjects: aid; development; fragility; conflict; post-conflict
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen