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  1. The empirical content of season-of-birth effects
    an investigation with Turkish data
    Author: Torun, Huzeyfe; Tumen, Semih
    Published: December 2017
    Publisher:  Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, Head Office, Structural Economic Research Department, Ankara, Turkey

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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankası ; no: 17, 21
    Subjects: Season-of-birth effects; IV; education; earnings; family background; misreporting
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Peers, gender, and long-term depression
    Author: Giulietti, Corrado; Vlassopoulos, Michael; Zenou, Yves
    Published: 29 April 2020
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; DP14681
    Subjects: Peer effects; depression; contagion; gender; family background; adolescence; policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Doctor who? The effect of physician-patient match on the SES-health gradient
    Author: Kristiansen, Ida Lykke; Sheng, Yanying
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

    We investigate whether primary care physician and patient concordance in terms of socio-economic status (SES) reduces the SES inequality in health. We measure physicians' SES by their childhood SES and find that SES concordance decreases low-SES... more

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    We investigate whether primary care physician and patient concordance in terms of socio-economic status (SES) reduces the SES inequality in health. We measure physicians' SES by their childhood SES and find that SES concordance decreases low-SES patients' mortality, while high-SES patients' mortality does not depend on their physicians' background. Together, they translate to a 24% reduction in the SES-mortality gradient. SES concordance changes the health behavior of the patient and increases treatment of chronic conditions: low-SES patients with lowSES physicians receive more care at the intensive margin, have a higher detection of chronic conditions, and have higher adherence to treatment.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/268909
    Series: CEBI working paper series ; 22, 05
    Subjects: Health inequality; physician practice style; intergenerational transmission; family background; socio-economic status; health behaviors
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Mixing the rich and poor
    the impact of peers on education and earnings
    Author: Einiö, Elias
    Published: December 2019
    Publisher:  VATT Institute for Economic Research, Helsinki

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    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789522742483
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    Series: VATT working papers ; 128
    Subjects: Earnings; employment; education; wages; peer effects; family background
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten)
  5. Italian PhD students at the borders
    the relationship between family background and international mobility
    Author: Tocchioni, Valentina; Petrucci, Alessandra
    Published: [2020]
    Publisher:  Università degli studi Firenze, DISIA, Dipartimento di statistica, informatica, applicazioni "Giuseppe Parenti", [Florenz]

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    Series: DISIA working paper ; 2020, 10
    Subjects: PhD students; international mobility; family background; higher education; multinomiallogistic regression; Italy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Child health inequality and opportunities in Sub-Saharan Africa
    Author: Pérez-Mesa, David; Marrero, Gustavo A.; Darias-Curvo, Sara
    Published: 2020 August
    Publisher:  ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, [Verona]

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    Series: Working paper series / ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality ; 557 (2020)
    Subjects: Child health inequality; family background; child age distribution; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Peers, gender, and long-term depression
    Author: Giulietti, Corrado; Vlassopoulos, Michael; Zenou, Yves
    Published: September 2020
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This study investigates whether exposure to peer depression in adolescence affects own depression in adulthood. We find a significant long-term depression peer effect for females but not for males in a sample of U.S. adolescents who are followed into... more

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    This study investigates whether exposure to peer depression in adolescence affects own depression in adulthood. We find a significant long-term depression peer effect for females but not for males in a sample of U.S. adolescents who are followed into adulthood. An increase of one standard deviation of the share of own-gender peers (schoolmates) who are depressed increases the probability of depression in adulthood by 2.6 percentage points for females (or 11.5% of mean depression). We also find that the peer effect is already present in the short term when girls are still in school and provide suggestive evidence for why it persists over time. In particular, we show that peer depression negatively affects the probability of college attendance and the likelihood of working, and leads to a reduction in income of adult females. Further analysis reveals that individuals from families with a lower socioeconomic background are more susceptible to peer influence, thereby suggesting that family can function as a buffer.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/227207
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13680
    Subjects: peer effects; depression; contagion; gender; family background; adolescence; policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The transition from school to post-secondary education - what factors affect educational decisions?
    Author: Seidel, Katja
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre, Lüneburg

    This paper analyses the concrete post-school decision of school students whether to study or to enter the German VET system. It focuses on the investigation of individual risk preferences and the social background of individuals, and the effect on... more

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    This paper analyses the concrete post-school decision of school students whether to study or to enter the German VET system. It focuses on the investigation of individual risk preferences and the social background of individuals, and the effect on the ultimate decision to enrol in university or to start an apprenticeship, given the same level of qualification. For the empirical approach, the German SOEP is used, and information on individuals' educational decisions between 2007 and 2013 is considered. The results indicate that (i) individual risk preferences do not have an overall effect on the real transition and are not conditional on the academic background of parents; (ii) privileged individuals are more likely to take up higher education; and (iii) even when parents without an academic background support their children during school, they are less likely to guide their children into tertiary education.

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/234587
    Series: University of Lüneburg working paper series in economics ; no. 398 (March 2021)
    Subjects: Educational decision; risk preferences; uncertainty; social classes; family background
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Driver of returns to schooling
    education-related policies or family background?
    Author: Soon, Jan-Jan; Lim, Hock Eam
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Does schooling pay off? - a seemingly straightforward question, but it is in fact a puzzle among economists. Answers would differ based on how the returns to schooling are estimated. Among the top concerns is whether such estimations have any causal... more

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    Does schooling pay off? - a seemingly straightforward question, but it is in fact a puzzle among economists. Answers would differ based on how the returns to schooling are estimated. Among the top concerns is whether such estimations have any causal connotation between the amount of schooling and its returns or earnings. The endogeneity issue arises due to ability bias, where ability is typically related with years of schooling. The impact of schooling would be confounded by ability, hence the difficulty in isolating schooling's causal impact on earnings. To address the concern, we conduct a meta-analysis of 74 empirical studies from which we retrieve returns to schooling coefficients estimated using both the causal instrumental variable and non-causal naïve estimation approaches. Key findings from our meta-analysis suggest an overall impact of 0.898, meaning an additional year of schooling is associated with a 8.98% increase in earnings, on average. We also find that over the years, returns to schooling exhibit an upward trend in general. Probing deeper, our analyses provide statistical evidence that education-related policy factors are driving the results more than family background factors.

     
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    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/300729
    Edition: Version: August 2024
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1471
    Subjects: Returns to schooling; meta-analysis; family background; education-related policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 13 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Rich grad, poor grad
    family background and college major choice
    Author: Leighton, Margaret; Speer, Jamin D.
    Published: April 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Expected earnings matter for college major choices, and majors differ in both their average earnings and the age profile of their earnings. We show that students' family background is strongly related to the earnings paths of the major they choose.... more

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    Expected earnings matter for college major choices, and majors differ in both their average earnings and the age profile of their earnings. We show that students' family background is strongly related to the earnings paths of the major they choose. Students with more educated parents, especially those who have graduate degrees, choose majors with lower early-career earnings but much faster earnings growth. They are also less likely to choose safe majors with little early-career earnings or unemployment downside. Parental income has a weaker relationship with major choice and operates mostly through the type of institution the student attends.

     
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    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/272726
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16099
    Subjects: college major; family background
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Peers, gender, and long-term depression
    Author: Giulietti, Corrado; Vlassopoulos, Michael; Zenou, Yves
    Published: 2020
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    We provide first evidence that peer depression in adolescence affects own depression in adulthood. We use data from Add Health and an identification strategy that relies on within-school and across-cohort idiosyncratic variation in the share of... more

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    We provide first evidence that peer depression in adolescence affects own depression in adulthood. We use data from Add Health and an identification strategy that relies on within-school and across-cohort idiosyncratic variation in the share of own-gender peers who are depressed. We find a significant peer effect for females but not for males. An increase of one standard deviation of the share of own-gender peers (schoolmates) who are depressed increases the probability of depression in adulthood by 2.6 percentage points for females (or 11.5% of mean depression). We also find that the peer effect is already present in the short term when girls are still in school and provide evidence for why it persists over time. Further analysis reveals that individuals from families with a lower socioeconomic background are more susceptible to peer influence, thereby suggesting that family can function as a buffer. Our findings underscore the importance of peer relationships in adolescence with regard to the development of long-lasting depression in women.

     
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    Media type: Book
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/216770
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 531
    Subjects: Peer effects; depression; contagion; gender; family background; adolescence,policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. On the origins of socio-economic inequalities
    evidence from twin families
    Author: Bingley, Paul; Cappellari, Lorenzo; Tatsiramos, Konstantinos
    Published: October 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We propose a twin family model linking twins with their spouses and children to quantify the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors in explaining the variance of socio-economic outcomes. Using data from the Danish Twins Registry and... more

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    We propose a twin family model linking twins with their spouses and children to quantify the relative importance of genetic and environmental factors in explaining the variance of socio-economic outcomes. Using data from the Danish Twins Registry and population registers, we test and relax the assumptions of the standard behavioral genetics model most frequently applied in economics using twins or adoptees. Exploiting an education reform differentially affecting parents, we find no evidence of gene-environment interactions. While we find some assortative mating based on genetic factors, differentially shared environments are key: they explain half of the variance in years of schooling, whereas genetic factors explain only nine percent. We find similar percentages for earnings, income, and wealth. Decomposing intergenerational elasticities reveals that shared environments explain 50% for earnings, 60% for income, 70% for wealth, and 80% for schooling. Family environments are more important than previously understood.

     
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    hdl: 10419/282647
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16520
    Subjects: nature; nurture; family background; genes; environment; inequality
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The effect of family income during childhood on later-life attainment : evidence from Germany
    Author: Jenkins, Stephen; Schluter, Christian
    Published: 2002
    Publisher:  Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin

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  14. Educational production in East Asia
    the impact of family background and schooling policies on student performance
    Author: Woessmann, Ludger
    Published: 2003
    Publisher:  Inst. for World Economics, Kiel

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  15. Educational Production in East Asia : The Impact of Family Background and Schooling Policies on Student Performance
    Author: Woessmann, Ludger
    Published: 2003
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel

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  16. TVET as the last educational chance
    employability and family background of Ethiopian urban youth
    Author: Demachi, Kazue
    Published: May 2017
    Publisher:  Institute of Developing Economies (IDE)1, Chiba

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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2344/00048993
    Series: IDE discussion paper ; no. 671
    Subjects: TVET; youth; Ethiopia; unemployment; family background
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten)
  17. The human capital selection of young males seeking asylum in Germany
    Author: Lange, Martin; Pfeiffer, Friedhelm
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH, Mannheim

    This study analyses the selection of recently arrived asylum seekers from Middle Eastern and African countries in Germany. The findings suggest that, on average, asylum seekers have 22 percent more years of schooling - the indicator used for human... more

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    This study analyses the selection of recently arrived asylum seekers from Middle Eastern and African countries in Germany. The findings suggest that, on average, asylum seekers have 22 percent more years of schooling - the indicator used for human capital - when compared to same-aged persons from their country of origin. In addition, it is shown that asylum seekers in the sample often accumulated rather low or relatively high levels of schooling compared to same-aged persons in their countries of origin. This phenomenon is even more pronounced for parental education. It is demonstrated that the indicators of individual and parental human capital influence short-run integration outcomes in Germany, while work experience in the home country does not. The paper discusses potential economic explanations for the findings on immigrant selection and integration outcomes.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/183151
    Edition: This version, August 29, 2018
    Series: Discussion paper / ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung ; no. 18, 040
    Subjects: immigrant selection; asylum seekers; human capital; family background; integration
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Intergenerational mobility and self-selection of asylum seekers in Germany
    Author: Kolb, Michael; Neidhöfer, Guido; Pfeiffer, Friedhelm
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  ZEW - Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany

    We exploit a novel survey of recently arrived asylum seekers in Germany in order to estimate the degree of intergenerational mobility in education among refugees and compare it to the educational mobility of similar-aged individuals in their region... more

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    We exploit a novel survey of recently arrived asylum seekers in Germany in order to estimate the degree of intergenerational mobility in education among refugees and compare it to the educational mobility of similar-aged individuals in their region of origin. The findings show that the refugees in our sample display high rates of educational mobility, and that their upward mobility is rather high when compared to the reference group in their region of origin. These results suggest that there exists positive skill selection among recently arrived refugees in Germany.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/200991
    Edition: This version, 13 June 2019
    Series: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 19, 027 (07/2019)
    Subjects: immigrant selection; asylum seekers; human capital; family background
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (15 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Overqualification of graduates
    assessing the role of family background
    Author: Erdsiek, Daniel
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  ZEW, Mannheim

    Studies on the underlying mechanisms of social mobility commonly find that half of the intergenerational earnings persistence remains unexplained. Focusing on the phenomenon of overqualification, this study examines a transmission channel that might... more

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Studies on the underlying mechanisms of social mobility commonly find that half of the intergenerational earnings persistence remains unexplained. Focusing on the phenomenon of overqualification, this study examines a transmission channel that might operate beyond the mechanisms previously analysed. I explore how the family background of university graduates affects the probability to hold a job that does not require a tertiary degree, i.e. to be overqualified. Potential pathways of the family background effects are discussed and proxy variables for the mediating factors cognitive skills, study characteristics, social capital, financial capital, and aspiration are incorporated into the empirical analysis. Graduates from families with a high socioeconomic status are found to be less likely to be overqualified. The unconditional social overqualification gap amounts to 7.4 percentage points. Non-linear Blinder-Oaxaca decompositions show that roughly 60% of the social overqualification gap can be attributed to group differences in observable characteristics. Differences in cognitive skills, study characteristics, and social capital are found to be important mediators of the family background effects.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/106510
    Series: Discussion paper / ZEW ; 14-130
    Subjects: overqualification; overeducation; family background; intergenerational mobility; Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition
    Scope: Online-Ressource (33 S.)
  20. Roots of financial literacy
    conference paper
    Author: Grohmann, Antonia; Kouwenberg, Roy; Menkhoff, Lukas
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  ZBW, [Kiel

    Our study aims to uncover the roots of financial literacy. Better financial literacy predicts more informed savings and borrowing decisions in our sample, covering the urban middle-class in an emerging economy. We then test education at school,... more

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    Our study aims to uncover the roots of financial literacy. Better financial literacy predicts more informed savings and borrowing decisions in our sample, covering the urban middle-class in an emerging economy. We then test education at school, family background, parental teaching, and childhood experiences with money as potential determinants of financial literacy. In addition to risk tolerance and having basic numeracy skills, we find that family variables matter most, in particular better education of the mother and encouragement to save by parents. Our findings suggest that regular formal education may play only a limited role in shaping financial literacy

     
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    hdl: 10419/100550
    Series: Array ; V3
    Subjects: financial literacy; saving; borrowing; instruments; family background; education
    Scope: Online-Ressource (54 S.), graph. Darst.
  21. Where you go depends on where you come from
    the influence of father's employment status on young adult's labour market experiences
    Author: Zwysen, Wouter
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  ISER, [Colchester]

    The transmission of economic (dis-)advantage over time should take into account the probability of employment as well as employment conditions, especially given the recent increase in the proportion of non-working people. We study the effect of young... more

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    The transmission of economic (dis-)advantage over time should take into account the probability of employment as well as employment conditions, especially given the recent increase in the proportion of non-working people. We study the effect of young people experiencing their father not working on a range of labour market outcomes as young adults using the UKHLS. We find that children of non-working fathers are less likely to work themselves and are less satisfied when working despite similar experiences to their peers in terms of wages and contract. Testing several mediators, we find indications that these young adults experience worklessness as a less negative experience.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91699
    Series: ISER Working Paper Series ; 2013-24
    Subjects: intergenerational transmission; worklessness; family background
    Scope: Online-Ressource (43 S.), graph. Darst.
  22. What if you had been less fortunate
    the effects of poor family background on current labor market outcomes
    Author: Cho, Sungwook; Heshmati, Almas
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  IZA, Bonn

    This study examines the correlation between childhood poverty and its influence on adulthood wage distribution, where childhood poverty refers to experience of poverty or poor family background during one's childhood. With the data from Korean Labor... more

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    This study examines the correlation between childhood poverty and its influence on adulthood wage distribution, where childhood poverty refers to experience of poverty or poor family background during one's childhood. With the data from Korean Labor Income Panel Study, KLIPS, quantile regression technique and decomposition method are conducted to identify and decompose the wage gap between low (poor) and middle class income group along the whole current wage distribution, based on a simulated counterfactual distribution. The results show that, those who had been less fortunate during their childhood likely had less opportunity to gain labor market favored characteristics such as a higher level of education, and even earn lower returns to their labor market characteristics in the current labor market. This leads to a discount of about fifteen percentages points off of the wage on average in total for those with underprivileged backgrounds during childhood compared to those with the middle class background, and that disadvantage is observed heterogeneously, greater at the lower quantiles than the higher quantiles of the current wage distribution. Then this research contributes to the literature by providing a partial understanding of poverty in Korea and its possible causes, in particular, in form of poor family background or childhood poverty, with which the implication of intergenerational effect issue is considered.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/89968
    Series: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 7708
    Subjects: labor market outcome; family background; childhood poverty; wage inequality; wage distribution; decomposition; quantile regression; Korea
    Scope: Online-Ressource (30 S.), graph. Darst.
  23. Are we architects of our own happiness?
    the importance of family background for well-being
    Author: Schnitzlein, Daniel D.; Wunder, Christoph
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  DIW, Berlin

    This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or wellbeing). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job... more

    Location:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Location:
    Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle, Bibliothek
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    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 318 (700)
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    This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or wellbeing). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job satisfaction, and satisfaction with health. We find high sibling correlations for all measures of well-being. The results suggest that family background explains, on average, between 30% and 60% of the inequality in permanent wellbeing. The influence is smaller when the siblings' psychological and geographical distance from their parental home is larger. Results from intergenerational correlations suggest that parental characteristics are considerably less important than family and community factors.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/103397
    Series: SOEPpapers on multidisciplinary panel data research ; 700
    Subjects: subjective well-being; family background; intergenerational mobility; siblings
    Scope: Online-Ressource ([1], 32 S.), graph. Darst.
  24. Are we architects of our own happiness?
    the importance of family background for well-being
    Author: Schnitzlein, Daniel D.; Wunder, Christoph
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Leibniz Univ., [Wirtschaftswiss. Fak.], Hannover

    This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or well- being). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job... more

    Location:
    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    Location:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signature:
    DS 8 (539)
    Inter-library loan:
    No inter-library loan

     

    This paper analyzes whether individuals have equal opportunity to achieve happiness (or well- being). We estimate sibling correlations and intergenerational correlations in self-reported life satisfaction, satisfaction with household income, job satisfaction, and satisfaction with health. We find high sibling correlations for all measures of well-being. The results suggest that family background explains, on average, between 30% and 60% of the inequality in permanent well-being. The influence is smaller when the siblings’ psychological and geographical distance from their parental home is larger. Results from intergenerational correlations suggest that parental characteristics are considerably less important than family and community factors.

     
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    Content information
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/107646
    Series: [Discussion paper / Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Leibniz University of Hannover ; 539]
    Subjects: subjective well-being; family background; intergenerational mobility; siblings
    Scope: Online-Ressource (32 S.), graph. Darst.