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  1. How to Do Ecology
    A Concise Handbook - Third Edition
    Author: Karban, Richard; Huntzinger, Mikaela; Pearse, Ian S
    Published: [2023]; ©2023
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

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  2. Prediction for big data through Kriging
    small sequential and one-shot designs
    Author: Kleijnen, Jack P. C.; Beers, Wim C. M. van
    Published: 9 July 2018
    Publisher:  CentER, Center for Economic Research, Tilburg

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Series: Discussion paper / CentER, Center for Economic Research ; no. 2018, 022
    Subjects: Kriging; Gaussian process; big data; experimental design; nearest neighbor
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Adaptive maximization of social welfare
    Author: Cesa-Bianchi, Nicolò; Colomboni, Roberto; Kasy, Maximilian
    Published: July 2024
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    We consider the problem of repeatedly choosing policies to maximize social welfare. Welfare is a weighted sum of private utility and public revenue. Earlier outcomes inform later policies. Utility is not observed, but indirectly inferred. Response... more

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    We consider the problem of repeatedly choosing policies to maximize social welfare. Welfare is a weighted sum of private utility and public revenue. Earlier outcomes inform later policies. Utility is not observed, but indirectly inferred. Response functions are learned through experimentation. We derive a lower bound on regret, and a matching adversarial upper bound for a variant of the Exp3 algorithm. Cumulative regret grows at a rate of T2/3. This implies that (i) welfare maximization is harder than the multi-armed bandit problem (with a rate of T1/2 for finite policy sets), and (ii) our algorithm achieves the optimal rate. For the stochastic setting, if social welfare is concave, we can achieve a rate of T1/2 (for continuous policy sets), using a dyadic search algorithm. We analyze an extension to nonlinear income taxation, and sketch an extension to commodity taxation. We compare our setting to monopoly pricing (which is easier), and price setting for bilateral trade (which is harder).

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/302744
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 11259 (2024)
    Subjects: optimal taxation; multi-armed bandits; experimental design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Adaptive maximization of social welfare
    Author: Cesa-Bianchi, Nicolò; Colomboni, Roberto; Kasy, Maximilian
    Published: July 2024
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We consider the problem of repeatedly choosing policies to maximize social welfare. Welfare is a weighted sum of private utility and public revenue. Earlier outcomes inform later policies. Utility is not observed, but indirectly inferred. Response... more

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    We consider the problem of repeatedly choosing policies to maximize social welfare. Welfare is a weighted sum of private utility and public revenue. Earlier outcomes inform later policies. Utility is not observed, but indirectly inferred. Response functions are learned through experimentation. We derive a lower bound on regret, and a matching adversarial upper bound for a variant of the Exp3 algorithm. Cumulative regret grows at a rate of T2/3. This implies that (i) welfare maximization is harder than the multi-armed bandit problem (with a rate of T1/2 for finite policy sets), and (ii) our algorithm achieves the optimal rate. For the stochastic setting, if social welfare is concave, we can achieve a rate of T1/2 (for continuous policy sets), using a dyadic search algorithm. We analyze an extension to nonlinear income taxation, and sketch an extension to commodity taxation. We compare our setting to monopoly pricing (which is easier), and price setting for bilateral trade (which is harder).

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/302703
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 17186
    Subjects: optimal taxation; multi-armed bandits; experimental design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. ANCOVA power calculation in the presence of serial correlation and time shocks
    a comment on Burlig et al. (2020)
    Author: Ek, Claes
    Published: October 2020
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg

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    Source: Union catalogues
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 2077/65185
    Series: Working paper in economics ; no. 788
    Subjects: power calculation; randomized experiments; experimental design; panel data; ANCOVA
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Going... going... wrong
    a test of the level-k (and cognitive hierarchy) models of bidding behaviour
    Author: Rasooly, Itzhak
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Department of Economics, University of Oxford, Oxford

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    Series: Department of Economics discussion paper series / University of Oxford ; number 959 (January 2022)
    Subjects: auction; behavioral game theory; experimental design; level-k models
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Passive or active?
    behavioral changes in different designs of search experiments
    Author: Kittaka, Yuta; Mikami, Ryo; Shimada, Natsumi
    Published: November 2021
    Publisher:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    While search experiments are available in several designs, accumulating ex- perimental evidence suggests that individual search behavior depends on design details. This paper reports the first classification and comparison of several search... more

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    While search experiments are available in several designs, accumulating ex- perimental evidence suggests that individual search behavior depends on design details. This paper reports the first classification and comparison of several search experiment designs widely accepted in search studies. These designs can be categorized as passive, quasi-active, and active. We found individual- and aggregate- level significant differences in the results across designs, despite identical models. In the passive design, subjects tended to be more reluctant to search than in the active design, and risk-averse subjects quickly terminated their search. Our results highlight the importance and potentials of designing search environments in practice.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 10419/248607
    Series: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1148
    Subjects: search experiment; consumer search; labor search; experimental design; risk preference
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Framing energy choices in consumer decision-making
    evidence from a random experiment in Sweden
    Author: Gustafsson, Peter; Nilsson, Peter; David, Lucinda; Marañon, Antonio
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Centre for Innovation Research (CIRCLE), Lund University, [Lund, Sweden]

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    Series: Papers in innovation studies ; no. 2021, 14
    Subjects: additive and subtractive option framing; experimental design; Markov chain; final state distribution; transition probability; distance from initial model; anchoring
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Priming attitudes towards immigrants
    implications for migration research and survey design
    Author: Dylong, Patrick; Setzepfand, Paul; Übelmesser, Silke
    Published: March 2023
    Publisher:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    Using data from two representative and large-scale population surveys with more than 4000 participants, we investigate the effect of randomized priming interventions on attitudes towards immigrants. We document robust null effects of these... more

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    Using data from two representative and large-scale population surveys with more than 4000 participants, we investigate the effect of randomized priming interventions on attitudes towards immigrants. We document robust null effects of these interventions under two experimental settings, across two surveys and for a range of specifications. Our results suggest that (economic) attitudes towards immigrants are less sensitive to priming than previous research indicates. We thus provide (i) a reference point for settings in which intentional priming interventions are ineffective, and (ii) an upper bound for unintended priming effects. We argue that researchers should not be overly concerned about confounding priming effects when designing surveys to elicit attitudes towards immigrants.

     
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    hdl: 10419/271950
    Series: CESifo working papers ; 10306 (2023)
    Subjects: attitudes towards immigration; priming; experimental design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Declaring income versus declaring taxes in tax compliance experiments
    does the design of laboratory experiments affect the results
    Author: Muehlbacher, Stephan; Hartmann, Andre; Kirchler, Erich; Alm, James
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Tulane University, Department of Economics, New Orleans, LA

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    Format: Online
    Series: Tulane Economics working paper series ; 2210 (November 2022)
    Subjects: Laboratory experiments; experimental design; tax compliance; tax rate; audit probability; fine rate
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Effects of an online self-assessment tool on teachers' digital competencies
    Author: Abbiati, Giovanni; Azzolini, Davide; Balanskat, Anja; Engelhart, Katja; Piazzalunga, Daniela; Rettore, Enrico; Wastiau, Patricia
    Published: January 2023
    Publisher:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We evaluate the effects of an online self-assessment tool on teachers' competencies and beliefs about ICT in education. The causal impact of the tool is evaluated through a randomized encouragement design, involving 7,391 lower secondary teachers... more

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    We evaluate the effects of an online self-assessment tool on teachers' competencies and beliefs about ICT in education. The causal impact of the tool is evaluated through a randomized encouragement design, involving 7,391 lower secondary teachers across 11 European countries. Short-run impact estimates show that the use of the tool led teachers to critically revise their technology-enhanced teaching competencies (-0.14 standard deviations) and their beliefs about ICT in education (-0.35 s.d.), while there is no impact on their probability of taking specific training. The effects are concentrated among teachers in the top-end tail of the distribution of pre-treatment outcomes. We provide suggestive evidence that the feedback score provided by the tool triggered such results by providing a negative information shock.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
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    hdl: 10419/272490
    Series: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15863
    Subjects: ICT; technology-enhanced teaching; self-assessed competencies; experimental design; teaching practices
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Going... going... wrong
    a test of the level-k (and cognitive hierarchy) models of bidding behaviour
    Author: Rasooly, Itzhak
    Published: [2023]
    Publisher:  [Paris School of Economics], [Paris]

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    Series: Working paper / Paris School of Economics ; no 2023, 38
    Subjects: auction; behavioural game theory; experimental design; level-k models
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Can teachers influence student perceptions and preferences?
    experimental evidence from a taxation course
    Author: Durán, José María; Esteller-Moré, Alejandro; Montolio, Daniel; Vázquez-Grenno, Javier
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  Institut d’Economia de Barcelona, Facultat d’Economia i Empresa, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    Edition: Version March 2024
    Series: Array ; 2024, 02
    Subjects: Tax perceptions/preferences; experimental design; student/teacher gender bias
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Designing information provision experiments
    Author: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We review methodological questions relevant for the design of information provision experiments. We first provide a literature review of major areas in which information provision experiments are applied. We then outline key measurement challenges... more

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    We review methodological questions relevant for the design of information provision experiments. We first provide a literature review of major areas in which information provision experiments are applied. We then outline key measurement challenges and design recommendations that may be of help for practitioners planning to conduct an information experiment. We discuss the measurement of subjective beliefs, including the role of incentives and ways to reduce measurement error. We also discuss the design of the information intervention, as well as the measurement of belief updating. Moreover, we describe ways to mitigate potential experimenter demand effects and numerical anchoring arising from the information treatment. Finally, we discuss typical effect sizes in information experiments.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223478
    Series: CESifo working paper ; no. 8406 (2020)
    Subjects: experimental design; beliefs; information; obfuscation
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten)
  15. How to do ecology
    a concise handbook
    Author: Karban, Richard; Huntzinger, Mikaela; Pearse, Ian S.
    Published: [2023]; 2023
    Publisher:  Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey

    "The essential insider's guide for ecologists at all career stages - now completely updated and expanded. Most books and courses in ecology focus on facts and concepts but do little to explain the process of research. How to Do Ecology provides... more

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Badische Landesbibliothek
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    Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, KIT-Bibliothek
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    Universitätsbibliothek Rostock
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    "The essential insider's guide for ecologists at all career stages - now completely updated and expanded. Most books and courses in ecology focus on facts and concepts but do little to explain the process of research. How to Do Ecology provides nuts-and-bolts advice for organizing and conducting a successful research program. This fully updated and expanded edition explains how to ask and answer your own research questions using compelling study design and appropriate stats. Ecology doesn't take place exclusively outdoors, so the book shares invaluable insights on topics such as identifying your goals, developing professional relationships, reading efficiently, and organizing a field season. Because the currency in ecology is publications, it also suggests effective ways to communicate your ideas through journal articles, oral presentations, posters, and grant proposals. This incisive handbook makes explicit many of the unstated rules that ecologists follow and serves as a practical resource for meaningful conversations about ecology. In addition to that, the text : provides expanded emphasis on collecting and interpreting observational data, includes an innovative new workshop for generating and evaluating creative research questions, and gives helpful tips on developing the skills most important to students, navigating your career path, writing efficiently, and more"--

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780691250434
    Other identifier:
    RVK Categories: AR 12300
    Edition: Third edition
    Subjects: Ecology; Ecology; SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Ecology; SCIENCE / Research & Methodology
    Other subjects: How to Do Ecology: A Concise Handbook - Third Edition; Ian S. Pearse; Mikaela Huntzinger; Richard Karban; animal behavior; climate change; ecological methods; ecology; evolution; experimental design; field biology; field ecology; field experiments; field methods; natural history; observational studies; species interactions; study design; surveys
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (xii, 213 Seiten)
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    Includes bibliographical references and index
  16. Health conditions & social interactions
    Author: Pacheco, Diana
    Published: 2011
    Publisher:  Inst. de Recherches Economiques, Univ. de, Neuchâtel

    This paper evaluates the impact of an antipoverty program on the health condition of individuals. The program combines a cash transfer with financial incentives for positive behavior to poor families. Its main purposes are to improve the living... more

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    This paper evaluates the impact of an antipoverty program on the health condition of individuals. The program combines a cash transfer with financial incentives for positive behavior to poor families. Its main purposes are to improve the living conditions of eligible households and to promote their investment in their children through school attendance and the provision of basic health services. Since the design of the program includes information on eligible and ineligible families, it is possible to evaluate its direct effect as well as its indirect effect. While the direct impact is measured by the effect of cash grants on eligible individuals, its indirect impact is estimated by the effect generated for the treated neighbors on their non-treated peers. The results show that eligible and ineligible individuals significantly improved their health status due to the program’s interventions: the sickness incidences decreased, the sickness spell was reduced, and people seemed to be able to manage normal activities with less difficulty. Thus anti-poverty programs, despite the fact that constitute a big weight in the public finance of a country, have an important multiplicative effect on the population. It not only generates, in the short run, an increase in the demand for health services but also changes in a positive way the behaviour of people by educating them on the importance of health and nutrition. This result will impact treated and non-treated families in the long run due to the high interaction that characterizes poor societies: families are learning from others.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/191463
    Series: IRENE, working paper / Institute of Economic Research, University of Neuchatel ; 11,03
    Subjects: Armutsbekämpfung; Lebensstandard; Soziale Lage; Gesundheit; Privater Haushalt; Mexiko; Randomization; experimental design; social interactions
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 22 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
  17. Fairness and cheating
    Author: Houser, Daniel; Vetter, Stefan; Winter, Joachim
    Published: 2010
    Publisher:  Sonderforschungsbereich/Transregio 15, Mannheim [u.a.]

    We present evidence from a laboratory experiment showing that individuals who believe they were treated unfairly in an interaction with another person are more likely to cheat in a subsequent unrelated game. Specifically, subjects first participated... more

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    We present evidence from a laboratory experiment showing that individuals who believe they were treated unfairly in an interaction with another person are more likely to cheat in a subsequent unrelated game. Specifically, subjects first participated in a dictator game. They then flipped a coin in private and reported the outcome. Subjects could increase their total payoff by cheating, i.e., lying about the outcome of the coin toss. We found that subjects were more likely to cheat in reporting the outcome of the coin flip when: 1) they received either nothing or a very small transfer from the dictator; and 2) they claimed to have been treated unfairly. This is consistent with the view that experiencing a norm violation is sufficient to justify the violation of another norm at the expense of a third party. This result extends the growing literature on social norms.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/94008
    Series: Discussion paper / Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems ; 335
    Subjects: Soziale Norm; Betrug; Spieltheorie; Experiment; cheating; social norms; experimental design
    Scope: Online-Ressource (29 S., 232 KB), graph. Darst.
  18. Can integrated social protection programmes affect social cohesion?
    mixed-methods evidence from Malawi
    Author: Burchi, Francesco; Roscioli, Federico
    Published: 2021
    Publisher:  Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik, Bonn

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  19. Changing male perceptions of gender equality
    evidence from an experimental study
    Author: Cuong Viet Nguyen; Tarp, Finn
    Published: December 2018
    Publisher:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Reducing gender inequality is a critically important development challenge, especially in countries with widespread and deep-rooted prejudices against women. In this study, we use a randomized control trial to examine whether facilitating Vietnamese... more

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    Reducing gender inequality is a critically important development challenge, especially in countries with widespread and deep-rooted prejudices against women. In this study, we use a randomized control trial to examine whether facilitating Vietnamese men to reflect about gender equality can reduce their gender bias. We randomly selected two groups of husbands and requested one group to make comments on gender-related laws and another group to write stories about gender equality. We find that commenting on gender-related laws reduces men's bias against women slightly, while writing stories has a strong effect on reducing existing prejudice against women. Moreover, writing gender-related stories improves men’s knowledge of gender-related laws. Nonetheless, there is only a small effect of this treatment on doing housework. Changing men's behaviour in practice requires stronger, more sustained interventions.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292566135
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211212
    Series: WIDER working paper ; 2018, 171
    Subjects: gender inequality; male perception; experimental design; women empowerment; cognitive dissonance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Perceived value of broadcasting
    normal vs. restoration stages from earthquake disasters
    Author: Mitomo, Hitoshi; Otsuka, Tokio
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  International Telecommunications Society, Trento

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/184956
    Series: Towards a digital future : turning technology into markets? : Trento, Italy, 1st – 4th August 2018 / 28th ITS European Conference 2018
    Subjects: local broadcasting; disaster restoration; earthquake; CVM; contingent valuation method; PSM; price sensitivity measurement; experimental design
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 15 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Adaptive treatment assignment in experiments for policy choice
    Author: Kasy, Maximilian; Sautmann, Anja
    Published: 2019
    Publisher:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The goal of many experiments is to inform the choice between different policies. However, standard experimental designs are geared toward point estimation and hypothesis testing. We consider the problem of treatment assignment in an experiment with... more

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    The goal of many experiments is to inform the choice between different policies. However, standard experimental designs are geared toward point estimation and hypothesis testing. We consider the problem of treatment assignment in an experiment with several non-overlapping waves, where the goal is to choose among a set of possible policies (treatments) for large-scale implementation. The optimal experimental design learns from earlier waves and assigns more experimental units to the better-performing treatments in later waves. We propose a computationally tractable approximation of the optimal design that we call "exploration sampling," where assignment probabilities are an increasing concave function of the posterior probabilities that each treatment is optimal. Theoretical results and calibrated simulations demonstrate improvements in welfare, relative to both non-adaptive designs as well as bandit algorithms. An application to selecting between different recruitment strategies for an agricultural extension service in Odisha, India demonstrates practical feasibility.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/202004
    Series: Array ; no. 7778 (August 2019)
    Subjects: experimental design; field experiments; optimal policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  22. Bayesian D-optimal choice designs for mixtures
    Author: Ruseckaite, Aiste; Goos, Peter; Fok, Dennis
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Tinbergen Inst., Rotterdam [u.a.]

    Consumer products and services can often be described as mixtures of ingredients. Examples are the mixture of ingredients in a cocktail and the mixture of different components of waiting time (e.g., in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle travel time) in a... more

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    Consumer products and services can often be described as mixtures of ingredients. Examples are the mixture of ingredients in a cocktail and the mixture of different components of waiting time (e.g., in-vehicle and out-of-vehicle travel time) in a transportation setting. Choice experiments may help to determine how the respondents' choice of a product or service is affected by the combination of ingredients. In such studies, individuals are confronted with sets of hypothetical products or services and they are asked to choose the most preferred product or service from each set. However, there are no studies on the optimal design of choice experiments involving mixtures. We propose a method for generating an optimal design for such choice experiments. To this end, we first introduce mixture models in the choice context and next present an algorithm to construct optimal experimental designs, assuming the multinomial logit model is used to analyze the choice data. To overcome the problem that the optimal designs depend on the unknown parameter values, we adopt a Bayesian D-optimal design approach. We also consider locally D-optimal designs and compare the performance of the resulting designs to those produced by a utility-neutral (UN) approach in which designs are based on the assumption that individuals are indifferent between all choice alternatives. We demonstrate that our designs are quite different and in general perform better than the UN designs.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/98915
    Series: Array ; 2014-057
    Subjects: Bayesian design; choice experiments; D-optimality; experimental design; mixture coordinate-exchange algorithm; mixture experiment; multinomial logit model; optimal design
    Scope: Online-Ressource (39 S.), graph. Darst.
  23. The design of replicated difference tests
    Author: Meyners, Michael; Brockhoff, Per Bruun
    Published: 2002
    Publisher:  SFB 475, Universität Dortmund, Dortmund

    We show that adding replications in replicated difference test results in larger power and smaller variance when the number of assessors is fixed. On the other hand, when the number of total assessments is fixed, the power usually decreases and the... more

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    We show that adding replications in replicated difference test results in larger power and smaller variance when the number of assessors is fixed. On the other hand, when the number of total assessments is fixed, the power usually decreases and the variability increases whenever replications are considered instead of different assessors. The appropriate numbers of assessor needed to gain the same power respectively variability when replications are used will be given. It is shown that the number of assessors might indeed be reduced, but this has to be paid for by an increasing total number of assessments. We show that two key models, namely the mixture binomial and a corrected version of the Beta-binomial model, are quite similar with respect to the properties of interest. We provide tables from which, according to her/his requirements, the investigator might find an appropriate setting with respect to the number of assessors and replications.

     
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    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/77212
    Series: [Technical Report, SFB 475: Komplexitätsreduktion in Multivariaten Datenstrukturen, Universität Dortmund ; 2002,49]
    Subjects: difference tests; replications; experimental design; power; variability; mixture binomial model; Beta-binomial model
    Scope: Online-Ressource (42 S.), graph. Darst.