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Displaying results 1 to 25 of 243.

  1. Skills mismatches
    an impediment to the competitiveness of EU businesses : study
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  European Economic and Social Committee, Bruxelles, Belgique

    Skills mismatches are widely accepted as a factor that drags down on potential economic growth and as such require concrete policy measures both at the EU and national level. This report was prepared by the Institute for Market Economics (IME) and is... more

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    Skills mismatches are widely accepted as a factor that drags down on potential economic growth and as such require concrete policy measures both at the EU and national level. This report was prepared by the Institute for Market Economics (IME) and is dedicated to the study of skills mismatches in the EU and their effect on the competitiveness of EU businesses. It includes a comprehensive review of existing literature on the issue and outlines some of the main conclusions regarding the relation of skill mismatches to education, personal and aggregate productivity, labour market dynamics and outcomes, innovation capacity and competitiveness. The study also includes the results of a dedicated survey designed to shed further light on the causes and effects of skills mismatches from the point of view of companies. We provide further evidence of the importance of Mismatch Priority Occupations (as identified by Cedefop), as well as additional insight into potential labour market bottleneck is five reference countries (Austria, Bulgaria, Finland, Germany and Spain). Current and long-term demographic trends make skills mismatches an issue of particular acuteness - against a projected decline in the labour force and an increase in the average age, European economies cannot afford to waste human capital. We find that efforts in achieving effective VET, lifelong learning and labour intermediation practices have to be supported by general competitivenessenhancing reforms in EU economies. We estimate an EU-wide annual productivity loss of 2.14% due to existing mismatches.

     
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  2. Seven economic challenges for Russia
    breaking out of stagnation? : in-depth analysis
    Author: Russell, Martin
    Published: July 2018
    Publisher:  EPRS, Brussels

    This publication describes the current condition of the Russian economy, which has suffered recently from external shocks, such as a collapse in oil prices and Western sanctions. However, it argues that poor economic performance has more to do with... more

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    This publication describes the current condition of the Russian economy, which has suffered recently from external shocks, such as a collapse in oil prices and Western sanctions. However, it argues that poor economic performance has more to do with long-term internal problems, including a lack of competitive markets, low levels of investment, an absence of innovation and excessive dependence on natural resources. Finally, it discusses President Putin's promises of economic reforms to tackle such issues, and evaluates the prospects for major change.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789284636532
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    Subjects: Wirtschaftslage; Wirtschaftswachstum; Russland; economic situation; price of energy; economic reform; competitiveness; international sanctions; economic consequence; natural resources; poverty; investment; working population; Russia
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of the Philippine small and medium enterprises
    Author: Borazon, Elaine Q.; Supangco, Vivien T.
    Published: September 2018
    Publisher:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of Philippine small and medium enterprises. A survey of 384 small and medium enterprises was done and structural equation modeling was... more

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    This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain integration on the business performance and competitiveness of Philippine small and medium enterprises. A survey of 384 small and medium enterprises was done and structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesis. Results show that internal integration strongly influences (p<0.001) both business performance (growth) and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises. Moreover, customer integration influences business performance (growth). It also mediates the effect of supplier and customer integration in business performance (growth) and competitiveness of small and medium enterprises.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211032
    Series: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2018, 13 (September 2018)
    Subjects: Supply chain integration; SMEs; competitiveness; business performance
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten)
  4. Productivity of Slovenian firms
    Author: Domadenik, Polona; Ivanc, Bojan; Marinšek, Denis
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    We analyse productivity differences across non-financial Slovenian firms over the period 1994-2015. In particular, we investigate the impact of different factors (including size, ownership, investment activity and industry characteristics) on firms'... more

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    We analyse productivity differences across non-financial Slovenian firms over the period 1994-2015. In particular, we investigate the impact of different factors (including size, ownership, investment activity and industry characteristics) on firms' total factor productivity (TFP), competitiveness and internationalisation. Large corporates appear to have the highest level of TFP, more than 50% above the average, and show stronger TFP growth. Exporting firms also show higher TFP growth than other firms, particularly after the recent crisis. Using a complete database of R&D subsidies over 1998-2015, the paper identifies R&Dintensive firms and investigates the impact of R&D investment on productivity and profitability. It is found that subsidies did not significantly increase firm-level productivity, once size, industry and year effects are taken into account. This could be because, during the recession (2009-2015), subsidies were granted to firms in difficulties.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279774157
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    Series: Array ; 078 (March 2018)
    Subjects: state ownership; exporters; productivity; Slovenia; competitiveness; economic analysis; size of business; type of business
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. EU competitiveness and the 2030 framework
    a industry perpective : final report referring to EASME/COSME/2014/031
    Author: Gavard, Claire; Voigt, Sebastian
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  European Union, Luxembourg

    With the EU 2020 climate and energy package and the 2030 framework, the European Union has set clear objectives to be on track to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 80% compared to 1990 levels by 2050. The objective of this work is to conduct a... more

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    With the EU 2020 climate and energy package and the 2030 framework, the European Union has set clear objectives to be on track to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 80% compared to 1990 levels by 2050. The objective of this work is to conduct a comparable analysis that takes account of EU climate energy and policy developments and recent Commission’s proposals, including its 'Clean Energy for All Europeans' package (EC, 2016a) and its proposals for an Effort Sharing Regulation for the period 2021-2030 (EC, 2016d) and revised EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) (EC, 2015b), as well as international climate negotiations orientated towards the preparation of climate pledges for 2030 in the context of the Paris Agreement. The analysis is conducted with the PACE (Policy Analysis based on Computable Equilibrium) model. Four main policy scenarios are considered to examine the impact of the 2030 targets on the competitiveness of the EU’s industrial sectors. They reflect two levels of action within the Paris Agreement (EU unilateral action vs. international action beyond 2020) and two ways of using the EU ETS auction revenues (lump-sum transfer to households vs. subsidies for Renewable Energy Sources (RES)). In addition, these four scenarios are also examined with some variants to analyse further the impact of different settings for RES support schemes in Member States (MS). Indeed, the model was developed to allow for different types of RES support, which can also be combined: RES public support paid by tax payers, electricity levy directed to RES support and paid by electricity users and RES subsidy financed by the auction revenues. In the four main scenarios, the RES support settings have been chosen to be as close as possible to the current situation in the different MS while in variant (1) RES support is assumed to be an electricity levy in all MS. In variant (2), RES support is also a levy everywhere in Europe but the ETS sectors are not exempted from the levy.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292023263
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/181908
    Series: [ZEW-Gutachten und Forschungsberichte]
    Subjects: EU-Klimapolitik; EU-Energiepolitik; Internationaler Wettbewerb; CGE-Modell; EU-Staaten; European Union; competitiveness; EU industrial policy; reduction of gas emissions; research method; greenhouse gas; climate change policy; energy policy; electrical energy; environmental economics; renewable energy; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 110 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. How to design cultural development strategies to boost local and regional competitiveness and comparative advantage
    overview of good practices
    Author: Cavallini, Simona; Soldi, Rossella; Utma, Mihaela Alina; Errico, Beatrice
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  European Committee of the Regions, Bruxelles, Belgique

    This study is meant to provide the evidence of positive experiences by local and regional authorities (LRAs) in the design and implementation of cultural development strategies. Cultural development strategies are planning approaches in which culture... more

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    This study is meant to provide the evidence of positive experiences by local and regional authorities (LRAs) in the design and implementation of cultural development strategies. Cultural development strategies are planning approaches in which culture is a pillar for sustainable development (Hristova et al., 2015, Hutton, 2016), and through which policymakers may boost their cities' or territories' comparative advantage and competitiveness on the basis of existing or potential cultural endowment.

     
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  7. Companies' growth in the EU
    what is research and innovation policy's role?
    Author: Moncada Paternò Castello, Pietro
    Published: July 2011
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    One of the main objectives of the new European research and innovation policy agenda is to favour the positive demographics (creation and growth) of EU companies operating in new/knowledge-intensive industries, especially Small and Medium Enterprises... more

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    One of the main objectives of the new European research and innovation policy agenda is to favour the positive demographics (creation and growth) of EU companies operating in new/knowledge-intensive industries, especially Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). These companies play an important role in shaping the dynamism of the economy's sectoral composition, favouring the transition towards more knowledge-intensive activities (smart growth) and in contributing to the overall economic growth objectives and more and better jobs. But which kind of companies should be helped by policy? And how? This paper presents a literature review on the economics of research, innovation and competitiveness, focusing on the evidence available regarding the determinants for company creation and growth and the role played by Research, Development (R&D) and innovation. Furthermore, based on this, it draws a number of policy implications to design future research and innovation support instruments targeting innovative company growth in Europe. The result of this work indicates that: a) EU needs support policies to foster R&D investment in some specific typology of innovative companies and only where there are market failures and clear high social returns; b) the establishment of any targeted support instruments should take into account an integrated set of criteria including: firms' age and size, the sectors where firms operate, the involved risks in and potential for their innovative and commercial activities, the country/techno-economic environment, and the degree of internationalisation; c) to be successful, no matter the new targeted policies and supporting instruments, they should be designed using policy experimentation and its results should be regularly measured and evaluated using appropriate indicators and analyses.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279206610
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    hdl: 10419/202131
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2011, 03
    Subjects: innovation; research and development; small and medium-sized enterprises; competitiveness; company growth; research policy; research report; Firm demographics and growth; Small and Medium Enterprises; economic dynamics; corporate research and innovation; EU competitiveness; EU policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Intangible resources
    the relevance of training for European firms' innovative performance
    Author: Ciriaci, Daria
    Published: December 2011
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    This paper assesses whether European firms' innovative performance is impacted by investments in training directly aimed at developing and/or introducing innovation, in addition to the scale of a firm's investments in innovation proxied by the number... more

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    This paper assesses whether European firms' innovative performance is impacted by investments in training directly aimed at developing and/or introducing innovation, in addition to the scale of a firm's investments in innovation proxied by the number of R&D personnels. In particular, it explores the complementarity between these two factors (in the presence of a well-trained workforce, the knowledge created by a firm's R&D personnel can be better exploited), and their dependence on a firm's knowledge intensity (high versus low % of tertiary-educated workforce) and size (SMEs versus large firms). Using European CIS nonanonymised data for the period 1998-2000, this paper estimates a system of simultaneous equations in which investments in training and stock of R&D personnel are treated as endogenous in relation to the innovative sales on which they are presumed to have an effect. The choice to use this time period rather than more recent ones - to which I had access at the Eurostat Safe Centre - is data-driven. It has better information on training expenditures and it is the last period to provide firm-level information on the number of employees with tertiary education. Unlike the majority of CIS-based studies, the main variables of interest are continuous ones, while dummy variables are used as controls only. Empirical evidence confirms most previous results - investment in training and stock of R&D personnel positively affects firms' innovativeness - but also provides some important additional insights. Ceteris paribus, returns to training and R&D personnel are not affected by the knowledge intensity of the firm, while are always statistically significantly higher in large than in small and medium sized firms. However, while in the case of training the differences in returns between SME and large firms are small, in the case of R&D personnel are quite pronounced.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279226472
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    hdl: 10419/202134
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2011, 6
    Subjects: competitiveness; research and development; European undertaking; innovation; venture capital; business policy; microeconomics; small and medium-sized enterprises; research report; Intangibles; R&D investment; human capital; CIS; CDM model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The European research framework programme and innovation performance of companies
    an empirical impact assessment using a CDM model
    Author: Garcia, Abraham
    Published: December 2011
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    The effect of the EU Research Framework Programme (FP) on European company innovation performance is analysed for the period 1998-2000. The possibility of applying for the grant might make companies engage in new projects which they would not have... more

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    The effect of the EU Research Framework Programme (FP) on European company innovation performance is analysed for the period 1998-2000. The possibility of applying for the grant might make companies engage in new projects which they would not have considered if the fund was not there. In addition, the FP programme increases collaboration with other innovation agents (e.g., universities, research labs, governments and other firms). Both the existence of FP and collaboration are simultaneously modelled when innovation performance is studied. To measure innovation performance, an input indicator (level of R&D expenditure) is used in combination with an output indicator (increase in the innovation sales). Following Crepon et al. (1998) a simultaneous equations system is used with four equations (FP, collaboration, R&D and Innovation sales). The paper finds a positive impact for the FP on collaboration, and both factors positively affect the innovation performance (R&D and Innovation sales) of European firms. No crowding-out effect is found in the analysis.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279226489
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    hdl: 10419/202135
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2011, 7
    Subjects: competitiveness; research and development; European undertaking; innovation; venture capital; Framework Programme for Research and Development; business policy; research report; Funding; Framework Programme; R&D investment; CIS; CDM model
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Financing the future of supercomputing
    how to increase investment in high performance computing in Europe
    Author: Gigler, Björn-Sören; Casorati, Alberto; Verbeek, Arnold
    Published: [2018]
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    In the digital age, supercomputing has become an indispensable resource for fostering innovation, economic growth and social cohesion in Europe. Supercomputing has become an indispensable resource in the digital age, thereby transforming research,... more

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    In the digital age, supercomputing has become an indispensable resource for fostering innovation, economic growth and social cohesion in Europe. Supercomputing has become an indispensable resource in the digital age, thereby transforming research, businesses and our daily lives. It strongly increases the ability of researchers, industry, SMEs and government to process and analyse large amounts of data. The study demonstrates that the use of supercomputing for industrial and commercial applications in Europe has grown rapidly across many sectors such as automotive, renewable energy and mechanical engineering. To realise this potential, significant public ('cornerstone') investments in strategic HPC infrastructure and services are essential. This is expected to lead to the creation of public value via the growth of high-tech companies and the creation of new ecosystems across Europe. At the same time, new thinking is required about how to optimise the use of HPC infrastructure from a predominantly public good approach to ensure that adequate socio-economic returns are generated. This study analysis the key financing challenges of supercomputing in Europe and provides concrete recommendations on how to overcome the current investment gap in this strategic sector. It provides a new rationale for public and private investment as a basis for improving the conditions for robust and long-term financing.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Contributor: Dustdar, Shiva (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789286135972
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    Series: Innovation Finance Advisory studies
    Subjects: Computer; Parallelrechner; Big Data; Finanzierung; EU-Staaten; research and development; EU financing; job creation; innovation; small and medium-sized enterprises; competitiveness; digital technology; computer systems; prospective technological studies; economic growth; economic and social cohesion; private investment; public investment; long-term financing
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 155 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Does size or age of innovative firms affect their growth persistence
    evidence from a panel of innovative Spanish firms
    Author: Ciriaci, Daria; Moncada Paternò Castello, Pietro; Voigt, Peter
    Published: September 2012
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    This study examines serial correlation in employment, sales and innovative sales growth rates in a balanced panel of 3,300 Spanish firms over the years 2002-2009, obtained by matching different waves of the Spanish Encuesta sobre Innovacion en las... more

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    This study examines serial correlation in employment, sales and innovative sales growth rates in a balanced panel of 3,300 Spanish firms over the years 2002-2009, obtained by matching different waves of the Spanish Encuesta sobre Innovacion en las Empresas, the Spanish innovation survey conducted annually by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE). The main objective is to verify whether the changes (increase/decrease) in these figures are persistent over time, whether such persistence (if any) differs between SMEs and larger firms, and if it is affected by a firm's age. To do so, we adopted a semi-parametric quantile regression approach. This methodology is well suited to cases where outliers (high-growth firms) are the subject of investigation and/or when they have to be assumed as being very heterogeneous. Empirical results indicate that among those innovative firms experiencing high employment growth, the smaller and younger grow faster than larger firms, but the jobs they create are not persistent over time. However, while being smaller and younger helps growing more in terms of employment and sales, it is not an advantage when innovative sales growth is considered: in this case larger firms experience faster growth.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279259890
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    hdl: 10419/202141
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2012, 03
    Subjects: small and medium-sized enterprises; innovation; competitiveness; research and development; employment policy; job creation; company growth; size of business; Spain; research report; Serial correlation; quantile regression model; Spanish firms; firm size; firm age; job creation; fast growing firms
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The production function of top R&D investors
    accounting for size and sector heterogeneity with quantile estimations
    Author: Vezzani, Antonio; Montresor, Sandro
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    The paper investigates how top R&D investors differ in the production impact of their inputs and in their rate of technical change. We use the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard and perform a quantile estimation of an augmented Cobb-Douglass... more

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    The paper investigates how top R&D investors differ in the production impact of their inputs and in their rate of technical change. We use the EU Industrial R&D Investment Scoreboard and perform a quantile estimation of an augmented Cobb-Douglass production function for a panel of more than 1,000 companies, covering the period 2002-2010. The results for the pooled sample are contrasted with those obtained from the estimates for different groups of economic sectors. Returns to scale are bounded by the initial size of the firm, but to an extent that decreases with the technological intensity of the sector. The output return of knowledge capital is the most important, irrespective of firm size, but in high-tech sectors only. Elsewhere, physical capital is the pivotal factor, although with size variations. The investigated firms appear different also in their technical progress: embodied in mid-high and low/mid-low tech sectors, and disembodied in high-tech sectors.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279308932
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    hdl: 10419/202146
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2013, 02
    Subjects: research and development; EU investment; industrial research; innovation; industrial production; competitiveness; research report; production function; R&D; firm and sector heterogeneity
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Knowledge search versus knowledge deployment
    how foreignness can be both an asset and a liability for firms
    Author: Zimmermann, Jörg; Sofka, Wolfgang
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  European Commission, Seville, Spain

    Many modern firms compete globally. However, research into whether foreignness is an asset or a liability in competition with domestic firms is inconclusive. We argue that foreign MNC subsidiaries are not per se advantaged or disadvantaged. We... more

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    Many modern firms compete globally. However, research into whether foreignness is an asset or a liability in competition with domestic firms is inconclusive. We argue that foreign MNC subsidiaries are not per se advantaged or disadvantaged. We suggest that the distinction originates from the nature of the subsidiary's activity in the host country. We focus on two activities: knowledge search and knowledge deployment. We predict theoretically that domestic firms have advantages when they search for knowledge due to their embeddedness in the host country. However, this increased embeddedness reduces the degree of novelty of their knowledge pool. Foreign MNC subsidiaries therefore have advantages in knowledge deployment because they draw from a richer, international knowledge pool. However, these advantages accrue to both foreign and domestic MNCs. We test and support these predictions for a longitudinal dataset of 2900 firm observations in Spain. We develop recommendations for research and practice based on these findings.

     
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    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279345241
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    hdl: 10419/202147
    Series: IPTS working paper on corporate r&d and innovation ; no. 2013, 03
    Subjects: multinational enterprise; transnational corporation; foreign enterprise; firm governed by commercial law; domestic market; competitiveness; subsidiary; knowledge management; Spain; research report; Liability of foreignness; foreignness as an asset; knowledge search; deployment
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten)
  14. The future of the European space sector
    how to leverage Europe’s technological leadership and boost investments for space ventures
    Author: Concini, Alessandro de; Toth, Jaroslav
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    The study reviews access-to-finance conditions met by companies active in the European space sector and proposes potential solutions to improve them. The study reviews access-to-finance conditions met by companies active in the European space sector... more

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    The study reviews access-to-finance conditions met by companies active in the European space sector and proposes potential solutions to improve them. The study reviews access-to-finance conditions met by companies active in the European space sector and proposes potential solutions to improve them. One of the principal objectives of this study is to analyse how public funds in the EU could be deployed to attract private investment and otherwise catalyse the development of the sector, considering also that such public funding should be entitled to achieve adequate returns. The study further explores how soft measures and advisory services could help promote private investment in the sector. Space is an important driver of innovation in Europe. While space used to be synonymous with government spending, today the sector sees the emergence of new private actors who see commercial opportunities in space exploration and exploitation. The study presents a number of recommendations and potential policy actions. One particular recommendation is to establish a Space Finance Forum: by bringing together the expertise of financial, industrial and academic stakeholders, we believe we will be able to explore and pilot new funding mechanisms and thereby catalyse private investment in the sector. The study was carried out by InnovFin Advisory in collaboration with the European Investment Advisory Hub, with the support of SpaceTec Partners.

     
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    Contributor: Dustdar, Shiva (HerausgeberIn)
    Language: English
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    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789286140594
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    Subjects: Luftfahrtindustrie; Weltraumtechnik; Finanzierung; EU-Staaten; public investment; private investment; research and development; innovation; aid to undertakings; investment aid; competitiveness; aerospace industry; EU market; use of outer space; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 162 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Measuring varieties of industrial relations in Europe
    a quantitative analysis
    Author: Caprile, María; Sanz de Miguel, Pablo; Welz, Christian; Rodríguez, Ricardo
    Published: 2018
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure... more

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    Previous Eurofound research has identified four key dimensions of industrial relations: industrial democracy, industrial competitiveness, social justice, and quality of work and employment. This report seeks to build a set of indicators to measure country performance in industrial relations in terms of these four dimensions and to develop a typology of industrial relations systems, enabling a cross-country analysis of trends. The report focuses particularly on industrial democracy, seen in this context as the core dimension of industrial relations and the most desirable model of work and employment governance.

     
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    Contributor: Riobóo Lestón, Irene (MitwirkendeR)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789289718134
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    Series: Industrial relations / Eurofound
    Research report / Eurofound
    Subjects: Arbeitsbeziehungen; Wirtschaftsdemokratie; EU-Staaten; labour relations; working conditions; collective bargaining; labour force; data collection; competitiveness; worker consultation; quantitative analysis; research report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. ... euro area report
    2024
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    After a continued rebound in 2022, the euro-area economy witnessed a strong deceleration this year. In 2022, the growth boost resulting from the post-COVID reopening of the economy, together with policy support, led to a solid 3.4% economic... more

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    After a continued rebound in 2022, the euro-area economy witnessed a strong deceleration this year. In 2022, the growth boost resulting from the post-COVID reopening of the economy, together with policy support, led to a solid 3.4% economic expansion. Despite the rapid rise in energy prices in the winter of 2022, the euro area avoided a recession. The robust labour market has been and remains a key element of macroeconomic resilience and supportive of aggregate demand. Still, high consumer prices and tightening financing conditions have resulted in a loss of growth momentum over the course of 2023. For 2023, GDP for the euro area is expected to grow by 0.6%, with some Member States recording negative growth for the year as a whole.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268042342
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    Parent title: ... euro area report - Show all bands
    Series: Array ; 259 (November 2023)
    Subjects: euro area; macroeconomics; inflation; price of energy; monetary policy; labour market; financial risk; fiscal policy; euro; Economic and Monetary Union; financial stability; competitiveness; activity report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten)
  17. Carbon intensity and corporate performance
    a micro-level study of EU ETS industrial firms
    Author: Cameron, Aliénor; Garrone, Maria
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    To reach its 2050 objective of carbon neutrality, the European Union (EU) must continue to step up its climate efforts, while ensuring the competitiveness of its industries is not harmed. The EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) is at the core of the... more

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    To reach its 2050 objective of carbon neutrality, the European Union (EU) must continue to step up its climate efforts, while ensuring the competitiveness of its industries is not harmed. The EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS) is at the core of the bloc's industrial decarbonization efforts. This paper explores this topic by digging into whether there is a causal relationship between industrial firms' emission intensity and their economic and financial performance. We construct a dataset covering around 1,200 industrial firms covered by the EU ETS' third phase and estimate a novel indicator of volume-based emission intensities for these firms. Applying an IV approach to a within-firm panel model, we find that firms' emission intensity is negatively related to their corporate performance, and that this is especially true for firms that reduced their emission intensity. When we explicitly control for the competitive environment firms operate in, this result remains robust.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268164754
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    Edition: 1st edition
    Series: Single market economics papers ; Working Paper 24
    Subjects: EU ETS; emission intensity; corporate performance; heavy industry; EU Emissions Trading Scheme; single market; performance measurement; competitiveness; carbon neutrality; conference proceedings
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten)
  18. In-depth review 2024
    Slovakia
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This in-depth review (IDR) analyses the extent of Slovakia's vulnerabilities related to cost competitiveness, external accounts, house prices and household debt. Last year, an in-depth review was undertaken for Slovakia, and the Commission concluded... more

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    This in-depth review (IDR) analyses the extent of Slovakia's vulnerabilities related to cost competitiveness, external accounts, house prices and household debt. Last year, an in-depth review was undertaken for Slovakia, and the Commission concluded that Slovakia was not experiencing imbalances, as its vulnerabilities seemed overall contained in the near future and were expected to ease as economic conditions normalised. This year's IDR, which follows the 2024 Alert Mechanism Report (AMR)published in November 2023, again examines these, and any newly emerging vulnerabilities, and their implications.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268137772
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    Series: Array ; 276 (March 2024)
    Subjects: macroeconomics; euro area; loan; financial stability; financial supervision; household consumption; gross domestic product; inflation; competitiveness; economic independence; economic forecasting; Slovakia; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten)
  19. In-depth review 2024
    France
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    This in-depth review (IDR) analyses the evolution of France's vulnerabilities related to high government debt and competitiveness, in a context of low productivity growth, which carry cross-border relevance, and possibly newly emerging risks. This... more

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    This in-depth review (IDR) analyses the evolution of France's vulnerabilities related to high government debt and competitiveness, in a context of low productivity growth, which carry cross-border relevance, and possibly newly emerging risks. This year's IDR, which follows the 2024 Alert Mechanism Report (AMR) published in November 2023, assesses the persistence or unwinding of the vulnerabilities identified last year, potential emerging risks, and relevant policy progress and policy options that could be considered for the future. Given the size of the French economy and its interlinkages with the other Member States, these vulnerabilities have a cross-border relevance.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268137833
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    Series: Array ; 282 (April 2024)
    Subjects: macroeconomics; euro area; loan; financial stability; financial supervision; household consumption; gross domestic product; inflation; competitiveness; economic growth; labour market; economic recovery; France
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten)
  20. A positive trade-off
    emissions reduction and costs under Phase IV of the Emissions Trading System
    Author: Hagendorn, Jan Eric; Hattemer, Benjamin; Kalantzis, Fotios
    Published: October 2024
    Publisher:  European Investment Bank, Luxembourg

    This paper investigates the impact of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) on the manufacturing sector, a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions within the EU. The ETS, a market-based policy tool, imposes a cap on emissions while... more

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    This paper investigates the impact of the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) on the manufacturing sector, a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions within the EU. The ETS, a market-based policy tool, imposes a cap on emissions while enabling firms to trade emission allowances. Allocation of free allowances varies across sectors based on their carbon leakage status, indicative of the risk of losing competitiveness and relocating production to regions with less stringent climate policies. Leveraging a natural experiment design that exploits this variability, we employ a panel regression analysis at the sectorial level spanning 2012 to 2022 to examine how ETS prices influence sectors' carbon efficiency, direct emissions, production and prices, while controlling for other confounding factors. By contrasting the effects of ETS prices between sectors transitioning from carbon leakage status to facing higher allowance costs in Phase IV and those retaining their status across Phases III and IV, we also determine potential disparities in ETS price impacts. Additionally, we shed light on the mechanism of investment through which the EU ETS induces firms to reduce their emissions by employing a mediation analysis. Our analysis reveals that elevated ETS prices foster carbon efficiency and emission reduction, with marginal effects on production and prices. Notably, this effect is more pronounced for sectors transitioning from free to auctioned allowances. We identify investment as a key channel, which mediates the effect of ETS prices on the carbon efficiency of firms. Thus, our findings suggest that a reduction in free allowances combined with escalating ETS prices, mediated by increased investment, can bolster the environmental performance of the EU manufacturing sector without significantly compromising its competitive position.

     
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    Media type: Ebook
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    ISBN: 9789286158285
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    hdl: 10419/306346
    Series: Economics - working papers ; 2024, 05
    Subjects: EU ETS; Phase IV; Joint impact analysis; Mediation analysis; carbon neutrality; EU emission allowance; price of energy; greenhouse gas; competitiveness; production; investment; processing industry; environmental auditing; report
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten)
  21. Price pass-through of CO2 costs
    Author: Breitschopf, Barbara; Lotz, Meta Thurid; Marscheider-Weidemann, Frank
    Published: July 2024
    Publisher:  Fraunhofer Institute for Systems und Innovation Research ISI, Karlsruhe, Germany

    The price pass-through of CO2 costs was analysed for HRC and PE/PP products as parts of a BEV. It was revealed that the feasibility of transferring these costs hinges on a company's ability to dictate prices, either as a significant player in... more

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    The price pass-through of CO2 costs was analysed for HRC and PE/PP products as parts of a BEV. It was revealed that the feasibility of transferring these costs hinges on a company's ability to dictate prices, either as a significant player in international markets or through bilateral agreements. While the data and information gathered shed light on the complexity of business relationships and markets, it unequivocally demonstrates that the question of price pass-through is far from being answered straightforward. Low transparency about various business relations and markets, lack of information on specific production volumes, inputs, and current cost and pricing data were identified as critical hindrances to assessing the pass-through of prices, despite the existence of scientific concepts. Within the industry, a few companies may possess a strong foothold in the global market and be equipped to navigate elevated costs without external intervention, whereas others may lack the means to offset cost increases due to CO2 prices. Policymakers are thus faced with the challenge of formulating targeted policies for less competitive companies and industries expected to lose market shares due to CO2 pricing, while refraining from interfering with those capable of robust market competition. In essence, the domestic imposition of CO2 pricing poses a significant threat to the price competitiveness of the domestic carbon-intensive industry. A welldesigned CBAM is imperative, yet its effectiveness on global prices also hinges on whether global producers are subject to CO2 emission costs. Should global producers remain unaffected by such expenses, many European producers are likely to encounter a general cost disadvantage when exporting to the international market.

     
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    hdl: 10419/300575
    Series: Working paper sustainability and innovation ; no. S 2024, 02
    Subjects: competitiveness; CO2 prices; chemical and steal industry
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  22. The EU Regional Social Progress Index 2.0
    2024 edition
    Author: De Dominicisi, Laura; Cabeza Martinez, Begoña; Kovacic, Matija; Papadimitriou, Eleni
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    Measuring economic development beyond GDP is of paramount importance for fostering regional cohesion, promoting inclusive growth, and advancing sustainable development. Therefore, there is a growing emphasis in the European Union on incorporating... more

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    Measuring economic development beyond GDP is of paramount importance for fostering regional cohesion, promoting inclusive growth, and advancing sustainable development. Therefore, there is a growing emphasis in the European Union on incorporating alternative metrics that offer a more comprehensive assessment of progress and well-being across EU regions. Against this backdrop, the EU regional Social Progress Index (EU-SPI) has proved to be a valuable tool, complementing traditional economic indicators by capturing a broader range of social factors contributing to well-being. The 2024 edition of the EU-SPI seeks to improve the previous editions of the index making it an even more powerful tool in measuring social progress across EU regions in its many dimensions.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268124819
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    Series: Working papers / Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy ; WP 2024, 1
    Subjects: EU regional policy; competitiveness; economic indicator; economic statistics; nomenclature
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)
  23. Ukraine's future competitiveness
    directions for structural shifts in foreign trade and investment
    Author: Movčan, Veronika; Pindyuk, Olga
    Published: [April 2024]
    Publisher:  Bertelsmann Stiftung, Gütersloh ; The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies, Vienna

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    Contributor: Grieveson, Richard (MitwirkendeR); Kosmehl, Miriam (MitwirkendeR); Weiss, Stefani (MitwirkendeR)
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Subjects: reconstruction; trade; FDI; competitiveness; global value chains; EU integration; digitalisation; green transition; critical minerals; economic security; European Union; Russia; Ukraine
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. National productivity boards
    institutional set-up and analyses of productivity
    Author: Garcia, Luis; Giamboni, Luigi; Vigani, Mauro
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

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    ISBN: 9789268017418
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    Series: Array ; 185 (June 2023)
    Subjects: National Productivity Boards; productivity; competitiveness; investment; human capital; skills; digitalisation; green transition
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  25. National productivity boards after seven years
    an assessment
    Author: Garcia, Luis; Leodolter, Alexander; Turrini, Alessandro
    Published: 2024
    Publisher:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

    National Productivity Boards (NPBs) aim to foster debate relating to productivity and competitiveness and enhance policy making in these areas. In 2016, the Council of the European Union called on all euro area Member States to set up an NPB with... more

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    National Productivity Boards (NPBs) aim to foster debate relating to productivity and competitiveness and enhance policy making in these areas. In 2016, the Council of the European Union called on all euro area Member States to set up an NPB with characteristics such as independence and capacity to carry out high-quality analyses. The non-euro area Member States were also encouraged to establish similar bodies. More than seven years after the adoption of the NPB recommendation, the network of NPBs is well established. Through the annual reports, NPBs discuss productivity trends, productivity drivers and policies as well as economic developments with an impact on productivity and competitiveness. In most cases, NPB characteristics are broadly in line with those of the recommendation. However, not all EU Member States have an NPB in place and there are considerable differences in NPBs' institutional design, capacity, and involvement in policy making. This paper updates the assessment made in the 2019 and 2021 European Commission progress reports on the implementation of the NPB recommendation. It also identifies gaps with respect to additional criteria for NPB effectiveness found in the existing literature, this being its main novelty. Findings suggest that NPBs would especially benefit from stronger provisions to guarantee independence and adequate resources and from practices boosting their participation in domestic policy making.

     
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    ISBN: 9789268018217
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    Series: Array ; 203 (May 2024)
    Subjects: National Productivity Boards; productivity; competitiveness; economic policy; innovation; policymaking
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten)