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  1. Cross-Cultural Personal Selling
    Agents' competences in international personal selling of services
    Author: Antczak, Anna; Sypniewska, Barbara A.
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

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  2. There is no Software, there are just Services
    Contributor: Kaldrack, Irina (Publisher); Leeker, Martina (Publisher)
    Published: 2015
    Publisher:  meson press

    Is software dead? Services like Google, Dropbox, Adobe Creative Cloud, or Social Media apps are all-pervasive in our digital media landscape. This marks the (re)emergence of the service paradigm that challenges traditional business and license models... more

     

    Is software dead? Services like Google, Dropbox, Adobe Creative Cloud, or Social Media apps are all-pervasive in our digital media landscape. This marks the (re)emergence of the service paradigm that challenges traditional business and license models as well as modes of media creation and use. The short essays in this edited collection discuss how services shift the notion of software, the cultural technique of programming, conditions of labor as well as the ecology and politics of data and how they influence dispositifs of knowledge.

     
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    Source: OAPEN
    Contributor: Kaldrack, Irina (Publisher); Leeker, Martina (Publisher)
    Language: English
    Media type: Ebook
    Format: Online
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    Subjects: Film, TV & radio
    Other subjects: Software; Services; Google; Dropbox; Adobe; Social Media; Business Models; Licensing; Programming; Labor; Data; Knowledge, Politics
    Scope: 1 electronic resource (116 p.)
  3. Cross-Cultural Personal Selling
    Agents' competences in international personal selling of services
    Author: Antczak, Anna; Sypniewska, Barbara A.
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

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  4. Mediendidaktik und ihr Beitrag zur Hochschulentwicklung
    Author: Getto, Barbara; Kerres, Michael
    Published: 2023
    Publisher:  DIPF Leibniz Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation, Frankfurt

    Abstract: Der Beitrag setzt sich mit der Verankerung mediendidaktischer Innovationen in der Hochschule auseinander. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Rolle mediendidaktische Innovationen als Treiberinnen für didaktische Reformaktivitäten und die... more

     

    Abstract: Der Beitrag setzt sich mit der Verankerung mediendidaktischer Innovationen in der Hochschule auseinander. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche Rolle mediendidaktische Innovationen als Treiberinnen für didaktische Reformaktivitäten und die Digitalisierung von Studium und Lehre auf den unterschiedlichen Ebenen von Hochschule spielen und wie die institutionelle Verortung mediendidaktischer Beratungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten Einfluss auf ihre Ausrichtung und Skalierbarkeit hat. Beschrieben wird die Anlage mediendidaktischer Aktivitäten in der Zusammenarbeit mit Akteuren der Hochschullehre zwischen Auftragsproduktion, Ko-Konstruktion und Kompetenzentwicklung. Es soll sichtbar werden, wie mediendidaktische Themen didaktische Innovationen in der Hochschulentwicklung befördern und in welcher Relation zu Hochschuldidaktik dies stattfinden kann. (DIPF/Orig.)

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: German
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    Series: Hochschulbildung: Lehre und Forschung ; 5
    Subjects: Mediendidaktik; Hochschule; Digitalisierung; E-Learning; Hochschuldidaktik; Medienpädagogik
    Other subjects: Array
    Scope: Online-Ressource
    Notes:

    In: Rhein, Rüdiger [Hrsg.]; Wildt, Johannes [Hrsg.]: Hochschuldidaktik als Wissenschaft. Disziplinäre, interdisziplinäre und transdisziplinäre Perspektiven. Bielefeld : transcript 2023, S. 211-226. - (Hochschulbildung: Lehre und Forschung; 5). ISBN 978-3-8394-6180-8; 978-3-8376-6180-4

    ISSN: 2749-7631

    ISSN: 2749-7623
  5. The implications of treaty restrictions of taxing rights on services, especially for developing countries
    Author: Amaro, Faith; Grondona, Veronica; Picciotto, Sol
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  South Centre, Geneva, Switzerland

    Taxation of cross-border services has been identified as a high priority issue in the United Nations (UN) negotiations to establish a new global framework for tax. This paper analyses the defects of international tax rules as applied to services, and... more

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    Taxation of cross-border services has been identified as a high priority issue in the United Nations (UN) negotiations to establish a new global framework for tax. This paper analyses the defects of international tax rules as applied to services, and their exploitation by multinational enterprises (MNEs), focusing on the impact on developing countries. Services have become increasingly important for economic development, but international tax rules favouring delivery by non-residents act as a disincentive to the growth of local services providers, particularly disadvantaging developing countries which are mainly hosts to MNEs. We analyse the restrictions on source taxation of services in tax treaties, particularly those based on the model of the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and show that their spread has been accompanied by a widening deficit in services trade of developing countries, while the weakening of their attempts to protect their tax base through withholding taxes has resulted in increasing losses of tax revenue. The paper combines detailed qualitative analyses of tax treaties with quantitative estimates of their effects on trade and tax revenues for services of five developing countries: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Kenya and Nigeria. Our analysis suggests that a new approach is needed for taxation of services, breaking with the residence-source dichotomy, and adopting formulary apportionment. This could be based on the standards agreed in the Two Pillar Solution of the OECD/Group of Twenty (G20) project on base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) and developed now through the UN.

     
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  6. Transparent or not?
    optimal performance feedback to service users
    Author: Chen, Lin; Roels, Guillaume
    Published: [2024]
    Publisher:  INSEAD, [Fontainebleau]

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Array ; 2024, 52
    Subjects: Services; Bayesian Persuasion; Performance Feedback; Social Comparison; GoalAchievement
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Bilateralism in services trade
    is there fire behind the (BIT-)smoke?
    Author: Adlung, Rudolf; Molinuevo, Martin
    Published: 2008
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Div., Geneva

    Far less attention is given to the even more rapid proliferation of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and their overlap with obligations assumed by WTO Members under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). About 60 per cent of world... more

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    Far less attention is given to the even more rapid proliferation of bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and their overlap with obligations assumed by WTO Members under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS). About 60 per cent of world foreign investment stocks are in services and, thus, covered by mode 3 (commercial presence) of the GATS. A closer look reveals that BITs generally apply across a far wider range of sectors, in particular in the case of LDCs and developing countries, than those scheduled under the GATS. Furthermore, a number of obligations enshrined in BITs go beyond their potential counterparts under the GATS. At the same time, since most WTO Members have not listed relevant exemptions from the Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) clause of the Agreement, their BIT obligations are to be applied on an MFN basis. While this extension may not cause problems in many cases, given generally liberal investment regimes and the focus of most treaties on protecting rather than liberalizing access, inconsistencies remain between the two frameworks. Based on an assessment of relevant provisions, this article discusses options on how WTO Members could proceed. -- Trade in services ; GATS ; investment treaties ; bilateralism

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/26722
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2008,01
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2008/01
    Subjects: Dienstleistungshandel; GATS; Internationales Abkommen; Meistbegünstigung; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 35 S.)
  8. Measuring GATS mode 4 trade flows
    Author: Magdeleine, Joscelyn; Maurer, Andreas
    Published: 2008
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Div., Geneva

    Realistic estimates of mode 4 trade are virtually non-existent. Based on the GATS legal definition, the paper introduces the statistical conceptualization of mode 4. While showing that balance of payments labour related flows indicators, such as... more

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    Realistic estimates of mode 4 trade are virtually non-existent. Based on the GATS legal definition, the paper introduces the statistical conceptualization of mode 4. While showing that balance of payments labour related flows indicators, such as worker's remittances and compensation of employees, cannot be used as substitutes, the paper discusses relevant balance of payments transactions in individual services sectors for estimating the value of this trade. Given the complexity of many services contracts (one service contract may involve the use of more than one mode to supply services to consumers), it provides simplifying assumptions that help build these measures of mode 4 trade in services. The paper recognizes that the proposed simplified statistical approach to modes of supply does not strictly adhere to GATS provisions and explains that it has been designed as a first guidance to provide relevant information for GATS while ensuring feasibility and consistency with statistical frameworks. Examples are given, showing the interest of some economies to estimate the size of mode 4 trade. The paper also presents how existing migration and tourism statistics could be used to assess the physical mode 4 movement (flows) and presence (stocks) in terms of number of persons. It introduces necessary extensions (separate identification of relevant mode 4 categories of persons, breakdowns by origin/destination, occupations, length of stay etc.) of these statistical frameworks in order to conduct a proper assessment of mode 4. -- Mode 4 ; statistics ; GATS ; trade in services

     
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    hdl: 10419/26726
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2008,05
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2008/05
    Subjects: Dienstleistungshandel; GATS; Statistische Methode; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 19 S.), graph. Darst.
  9. Services trade liberalization at the regional level
    does Southern and Eastern Africa stand to gain from economic patnership agreement negotiation?
    Author: Jansen, Marion
    Published: May 2006
    Publisher:  WTO, Geneva

    This paper discusses the opportunities and challenges for Southern and Eastern African ACP countries of services negotiations in the context of European Partnership Agreements. The paper provides an overview of existing flows in services from and to... more

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    This paper discusses the opportunities and challenges for Southern and Eastern African ACP countries of services negotiations in the context of European Partnership Agreements. The paper provides an overview of existing flows in services from and to Southern and Eastern Africa, an overview that suffers from the paucity of relevant data. Given the significant differences among services sectors, the paper provides a separate discussion for several of them, including financial services, tourism and business services. The latest developments in each sector are described and the issues that are at stake in trade negotiations. In this context the competitive position of Southern and Eastern African countries is compared with the position of the European Union and other global players. The paper attempts to identify possible export opportunities for Southern and Eastern African ACP countries and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of giving preferential access to EU suppliers in those services sectors where African countries are likely to import. Particular attention is paid to the role of mode 4 in the discussed services sectors.

     
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    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/72060
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2006,06
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2006/06
    Subjects: Regionale Wirtschaftsintegration; Dienstleistungshandel; GATS; Südliches Afrika; Ostafrika; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource (36S.)
  10. Determining "likeness" under the GATS
    squaring the circle?
    Published: Sept. 2006
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    The concept of "like services and service suppliers" used in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is still very much uncharted territory. The few dispute cases involving national treatment and most-favoured-nation treatment claims under... more

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    The concept of "like services and service suppliers" used in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) is still very much uncharted territory. The few dispute cases involving national treatment and most-favoured-nation treatment claims under the GATS are vague concerning the criteria which should be used to establish "likeness". Discussions among WTO Members on this subject have remained limited and inconclusive. Perhaps the only point on which everybody agrees is that a determination of "likeness" under the GATS gives rise to a wider range of questions – and uncertainties – than under the GATT. The intangibility of services, the difficulty to draw a line between product and production, the existence of four modes of supply, the combined reference to like services and like service suppliers, and the lack of a detailed nomenclature are some of the factors which complicate the task of establishing "likeness" in services trade. This contribution focuses on the concept of “likeness” in the context of the national treatment obligation (Article XVII of the GATS). It discusses the possible implications of the combined reference to “like services and service suppliers”, as well as the relevance and role of the modes of supply in determining “likeness”. It also examines whether the criteria developed by GATT case-law (physical properties, classification, end-use and consumer tastes) can be mechanically transposed to services trade and how far they may contribute to establishing “likeness” under the GATS. It then discusses whether other parameters, such as the regulatory context or an “aim and effect” type approach could be relevant.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/72055
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2006,08
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2006/08
    Subjects: GATS; Welt; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource, 51 S. = 245 KB, Text
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    Literaturverz. S. 48 - 51
  11. Services liberalization in the new generation of Preferential Trade Agreements (PTAs)
    how much further than the GATS?
    Published: Sept. 2006
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    This paper attempts to fill a gap in the trade literature by providing a comprehensive overview of services liberalization commitments in the new generation of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) as compared to prevailing GATS commitments and Doha... more

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    This paper attempts to fill a gap in the trade literature by providing a comprehensive overview of services liberalization commitments in the new generation of preferential trade agreements (PTAs) as compared to prevailing GATS commitments and Doha Round offers. By developing a new database, the paper reviews the commitments undertaken by 29 WTO Members (counting the EC as one) under mode 1 (cross-border supply) and mode 3 (commercial presence) in 28 PTAs negotiated since 2000. The paper presents a general analysis from both a cross-country and cross-sector perspectives, and also examines in more detail the GATS+ commitments undertaken in a number of key sectors (audiovisual, distribution, education, financial, professional, and telecommunication services). The paper also discusses the potential economic costs arising from these preferential agreements, as well as the potential implications for the multilateral trading system, and for the Doha round of negotiations in particular. The paper concludes by discussing possible approaches to overcome the potential downsides of PTAs, including proposals for a more pro-active role for the WTO in the surveillance of these agreements.

     
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    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2006,07
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2006/07
    Subjects: Dienstleistungshandel; GATS; Handelspräferenzen; Welt; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource, 63 S. = 315 KB, Text, graph. Darst.
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    Literaturverz. S. 61
  12. Public services and the GATS
    Published: July 2005
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    The status of public services is one of the most hotly debated issues surrounding the GATS. There are two approaches to distinguish such services from any other services: an institutional approach that focuses on the legal and institutional... more

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    The status of public services is one of the most hotly debated issues surrounding the GATS. There are two approaches to distinguish such services from any other services: an institutional approach that focuses on the legal and institutional conditions governing supply (e.g. ownership status, market organisation), and a functional approach based on the policy objectives that may be involved (e.g. distributional and quality-related considerations, concepts of universal access). Given the wide range of institutional arrangements that exist in different jurisdictions, with significant variations over time, the former approach does not appear appropriate. The services provided by government-owned facilities, whose costs are covered directly by the State, may well be indistinguishable, for all practical purposes, from the services provided by private commercial operators, whose users (students, patients, passengers, etc.) are reimbursed. This paper discusses the relevance of the GATS for different organisational settings - from government monopolies to regulated and/or subsidized private provision - that may be used by WTO Members to meet typical public service objectives. It turns out that virtually all forms of organisation can be accommodated within the framework of the Agreement. To fully exploit its opportunities and avoid unpleasant surprises, however, governments would need to thoroughly analyse the relevant provisions in the light of their own policy objectives.

     
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    hdl: 10419/72049
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2005,03
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2005/03
    Subjects: GATS; Öffentliche Dienstleistung; Welt; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource, 29 S. = 234 KB, Text
  13. The impact of mode 4 liberalization on bilateral trade flows
    Published: Nov. 2005
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    This paper gives insights into the possible trade creating effects of service trade liberalization via Mode 4. In particular we expect that temporary movements of persons, like permanent movements, have the potential to reduce transaction costs for... more

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    This paper gives insights into the possible trade creating effects of service trade liberalization via Mode 4. In particular we expect that temporary movements of persons, like permanent movements, have the potential to reduce transaction costs for merchandise trade between home and host country. Exploiting data on H-1B beneficiaries from different origins in the United States and using a gravity model of trade, we find significantly positive effects of temporary movements of persons on bilateral merchandise trade. In addition to this, the paper provides insights into the determinants of temporary movements of persons.

     
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    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2005,06
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2005/06
    Subjects: GATS; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource, 19 S. = 387 KB, Text
  14. The contribution of services liberalization to poverty reduction
    what role for the GATS?
    Published: June 2007
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    There are various conceivable links between services liberalization and poverty reduction, including the efficiency effects associated with increased competition in intermediate (infrastructural) services, income transfers generated by workers moving... more

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    There are various conceivable links between services liberalization and poverty reduction, including the efficiency effects associated with increased competition in intermediate (infrastructural) services, income transfers generated by workers moving abroad, or the mobilization of private investment for social policy purposes. Arguably the most promising option for interested governments, regardless of complementary moves by trading partners, is the opening of, and creation of favourable investment conditions in, core infrastructural services. However, apart from basic telecommunications, both the Uruguay Round schedules and the offers submitted in the Doha Round to date have remained disappointing in this respect. Effective services liberalization, as measured by the share of phase-in commitments in total commitments, has occurred mainly in the context of WTO accessions and Preferential Trade Agreements. Given the apparent lack of political impetus in broader-based trade rounds, this article discusses options how the submission of more meaningful offers could be encouraged.

     
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    hdl: 10419/72057
    Series: Staff working paper ERSD ; 2007,01
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2007/01
    Subjects: Dienstleistungshandel; Handelsliberalisierung; GATS; Armut; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services
    Scope: Online-Ressource, 20 S. = 121 KB, Text
  15. Air transport and the GATS
    documentation for the first air transport review under the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) : 1995 - 2000 in review
    Published: 2006
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Geneva

    This special compilation describes air transport services from a regulatory and economic point of view, with a special focus on market access questions. Each volume contains original material and up-to-date insights, written on the basis of close... more

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    This special compilation describes air transport services from a regulatory and economic point of view, with a special focus on market access questions. Each volume contains original material and up-to-date insights, written on the basis of close cooperation with industry professionals. In preparation for the second air transport review mandated by the GATS Annex on Air Transport Services, the Secretariat has gathered in the present booklet the documentation produced in 2000-1 for the first review.

     
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    ISBN: 9789287045454
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    RVK Categories: QR 840
    Subjects: Luftverkehr; GATS; Welt; Aeronautics, Commercial; Aeronautics, Commercial; Aeronautics, Commercial; Aeronautics, Commercial; Aeronautics, Commercial; Aeronautics, Commercial; The WTO; Services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (XVI, 292 Seiten)
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    Gesehen am 03.04.2019
  16. Elevating services
    services trade policy, WTO commitments, and their role in economic development and trade integration
    Author: Roy, Martin
    Published: 8 March 2019
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Division, [Geneva]

    Services have long been perceived as playing a secondary role in world trade. In particular, the role of services trade policies and multilateral services commitments often tends to be downplayed. However, in value added terms, services account for... more

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    Services have long been perceived as playing a secondary role in world trade. In particular, the role of services trade policies and multilateral services commitments often tends to be downplayed. However, in value added terms, services account for about 50% of world trade and are significant in exports of countries of all levels of development. In addition, cross-border trade is expanding as a result of technological advances, and the supply of services by foreign affiliates (mode 3) exceeds trade through other modes of supply. Services trade policies, which cover a wide range of "inside-the-border" measures, are an important determinant of foreign direct investment, economy-wide productivity, manufacturing competitiveness and exports, and flows of services value added. This paper underscores, on the basis of recent services data and a growing body of research on the impact of services policies, the role of services trade in economic development, trade integration, and inclusiveness. It argues that the limited attention given to services trade policies and to international commitments is increasingly out of step with the role of services in the global economy. Indeed, services trade policies are often restrictive and multinational commitments are generally modest. Taking steps to raise the profile of services trade within government policy-making would help close this gap and highlight the contribution of services trade policy to a wide range of broader national objectives that have an important services dimension, whether SME and gender policy, or the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

     
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    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/195774
    Edition: Manuscript date: March 2019
    Series: Staff working paper ; ERSD-2019, 01
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2019/01
    Subjects: The WTO; Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services; WTO; GATS; trade in services; trade in value added
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Brexit: analysis of import exposures in an EU context
    Author: McDonnell, Clíona
    Published: March 2018
    Publisher:  Department of Finance, Dublin, Ireland

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    Subjects: Brexit; Sectoral Exposure; International Trade; Imports; Exports; Goods; Services
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  18. Applied services trade policy
    a guide to the Services Trade Policy Database and the Services Trade Restrictions Index
    Author: Borchert, Ingo; Gootiiz, Batshur; Magdeleine, Joscelyn; Marchetti, Juan A.; Mattoo, Aaditya; Rubio, Ester; Shannon, Evgeniia
    Published: 12 December 2019
    Publisher:  World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Division, [Geneva]

    Better information on how services policies vary across economies and sectors over time would improve the empirical analysis of their impact. This paper describes the Services Trade Policy Database (STPD), a joint initiative by the World Bank and the... more

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    Better information on how services policies vary across economies and sectors over time would improve the empirical analysis of their impact. This paper describes the Services Trade Policy Database (STPD), a joint initiative by the World Bank and the WTO Secretariat, which builds on a database developed by the World Bank nearly ten years ago and draws on a recent OECD database. The STPD offers comparable information on services trade policies for 68 economies in 23 subsectors across five broad areas - financial services, telecommunications, distribution, transportation and professional services, respectively. The STPD features several improvements. First, data are collected according to a newly developed policy classification, consistent with both the earlier World Bank database and the current OECD database, enabling for the first time a comparison of services policies over a significant period and across a large cross-section of industrial and developing economies. Second, the database contains information not just on core trade policies but also on other increasingly relevant aspects, such as licensing conditions and data restrictions. Third, policy restrictiveness is quantified following a more systematic approach that aggregates the information within a single consistent and transparent framework. Building on these innovations will make it possible to identify global patterns of services trade policies as well as secular trends in policymaking over the past decade.

     
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    hdl: 10419/209652
    Edition: Manuscript date: 5 December 2019
    Series: Staff working paper ; ERSD-2019, 14
    WTO Working Papers ; no.2019/14
    Subjects: Economic research and trade policy analysis; Services; services; trade policy; investment; STRI; trade restrictions; quantification
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Services exported together with goods
    Author: Cadestin, Charles; Miroudot, Sébastien
    Published: 2020-01-14
    Publisher:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    How prevalent are services sold together with goods? Using aggregate and micro-data, this report assesses this prevalence so as to gain a better understanding of how firms combine goods and services in their exports. Leaving aside the specific case... more

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    How prevalent are services sold together with goods? Using aggregate and micro-data, this report assesses this prevalence so as to gain a better understanding of how firms combine goods and services in their exports. Leaving aside the specific case of distribution services, 'Other business services', 'Construction' and 'Research and development' are the most common services supplied by manufacturing firms. With respect to industries, 'paper and printing', as well as 'repair and installation' come first in terms of prevalence of bundles of goods and services. Since the trade regime is different for trade in goods and trade in services, manufacturing firms engaged in servitisation strategies may face higher trade barriers just by expanding their activities in sectors that are less open to trade. When negotiating trade agreements, policy makers need to take into account complementarities between goods and services, and look at the joint restrictiveness for goods and services.

     
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    Source: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    Series: OECD trade policy papers ; no. 236
    Subjects: Trade; Services; trade in services; servicification; servitisation; trade policy
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Product market competition and employer provided training in Germany
    Author: Heywood, John S.; Jirjahn, Uwe; Campaner, Annika
    Published: 2017
    Publisher:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    Using German establishment data, this paper examines the relationship between product market competition and the extent of employer provided training. We demonstrate that high product market competition is associated with increased training except... more

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    Using German establishment data, this paper examines the relationship between product market competition and the extent of employer provided training. We demonstrate that high product market competition is associated with increased training except when the competition is so severe as to threaten liquidation to a firm. We take this as evidence of an inverted U-shaped relationship. We also make clear that while this relationship is very evident for the service sector it is largely missing for manufacturing where we confirm earlier results of no relationship.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/169355
    Series: GLO discussion paper ; no. 122
    Subjects: Competition; Employer Provided Training; Manufacturing; Services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten)
  21. Can Services Lead the Indian Economy?
    Author: Balasubramanyam, Vudayagiri N.
    Published: [2016]
    Publisher:  Lancaster University Management School, Lancester

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Economics working paper series ; 2016/010
    Subjects: Growth; Services; India
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 16 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Impact of immigrants on the foreign trade of the UK
    Author: Ghosh Dastidar, Sayantan; Balasubramanyam, Vudayagiri N.
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  Lancaster University Management School, Lancester

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Economics working paper series ; 2015/009
    Subjects: Immigration; Services; The A8 immigrants; Old and the NewCommonwealth; services exports
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten)
  23. Telecom branding in Pakistan
    network coverage or value added services
    Author: Siddiqui, Kamran Ahmed; Ali, Mazhar; Sarki, Irshad Hussain; Khuhro, Rafique Ahmed
    Published: [2015]
    Publisher:  ZBW, [Kiel

    Purpose – This study explores the factors of telecom branding in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 238 mobile phone users were interviewed for their telecom brand preferences.... more

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    Purpose – This study explores the factors of telecom branding in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 238 mobile phone users were interviewed for their telecom brand preferences. Findings – Exploratory factor analyses and cross tabulations were used to measure the results, four major antecedents were extracted, Brand Association, Brand Premium, Brand Communication and Brand Loyalty. Cross tabs show wider differences in male and female customers for their perceptions towards bases of telecom branding. Secondly, three factors were identified as shaping the telecom branding i.e. Network coverage, Value added services and Pricing strategies while in subsequent quests value added services were emerged as major factor for retaining consumer mindset for telecom branding. Research limitations/implications – A few strengths of social research; the universal use of self-reporting questionnaires, and use of students in the research process, which make the process robust and economically feasible, are actually highly criticized in different nonacademic quarters. Practical implications – The findings point to various implications for practicing managers especially those who are responsible for segmentation, targeting and positioning their services. Originality/value – Although there are many studies on brand preferences; research on telecom brand antecedents is very limited. This research adds significant value by dissemination of knowledge on the subject area

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    hdl: 10419/194565
    Parent title: Sonderdruck aus: Academic Journal of Research in Economics and Management; volume 3, issue 3, pages 61-66
    Subjects: Telecom; Mobile Phone; Services; Branding; Marketing; Pakistan
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 7 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. In pursuit of supplier knowledge
    leveraging capabilities and dividing responsibilities in product and service contexts
    Author: Suurmond, Robert
    Published: [2019]
    Publisher:  Erasmus Institute of Management (ERIM), Rotterdam

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    Language: English
    Media type: Dissertation
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    ISBN: 9789058925527
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 1765/115138
    Series: ERIM PhD series in research in management ; EPS-2018-475-LIS
    Subjects: Purchasing and Supply Management; Innovation; Knowledge Integration; Supplier; Capabilities; Services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 122 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Notes:

    Dissertation, Erasmus University Rotterdam, 2019
  25. Trade liberalization and Chinese students in US higher education
    Author: Khanna, Gaurav; Shih, Kevin Y.; Weinberger, Ariel; Xu, Mingzhi; Yu, Miaojie
    Published: June 2020
    Publisher:  Center for Global Development, Washington, DC

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    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Series: Working paper / Center for Global Development ; 536 (June 2020)
    Subjects: Trade Liberalization; Migration; International Students; Services
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen