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Displaying results 1 to 13 of 13.

  1. Market access and inefficient cropping patterns in Uganda
    Author: Morando, Bruno
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Department of Economics, Finance & Accounting, Maynooth

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    Series: Working paper / Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Department of Economics, Finance & Accounting ; N309 (21)
    Subjects: Crop choice; Land Use; Comparative advantage; Market Access
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Who benefits really from phasing out palmoil-based biodiesel in the EU?
    Author: Delzeit, Ruth; Heimann, Tobias; Schünemann, Franziska; Söder, Mareike
    Published: [2021]
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, [Kiel]

    The latest Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) by the European Union (EU) provides an updated framework for the use of renewable energy in the EU transport sector until 2030. We employ the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model DART-BIO for a... more

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    The latest Renewable Energy Directive (RED II) by the European Union (EU) provides an updated framework for the use of renewable energy in the EU transport sector until 2030. We employ the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model DART-BIO for a scenario-based policy analysis and evaluate different possible futures of biofuel use under four specifications of the RED II. Our results show that conventional biofuels will not become cost competitive to oil-based fuels. Moreover, we demonstrate the impact of the RED II specifications on the global production of food and feed crops. A further focus of this paper lies on the palm oil phase-out as feedstock for biofuels in the EU, to halt deforestation and land-use change in tropical countries. We find that this phase-out has a relatively small impact on global palm fruit production. Moreover, this study shows that the regulation has the potential to act as a technical barrier to trade, discriminating palm oil producing countries in favour of European rapeseed producers.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    hdl: 10419/247707
    Series: Kiel working paper ; no. 2203 (December 2021)
    Subjects: Computable General Equilibrium (CGE); EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II); Biofuels; Land Use; Land Use Change; High iLUC-Risk; Palm Oil Biodiesel; Palm Oil Phase-Out
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Datei auf Wunsch der Institution gelöscht
  3. More biofuel = more food?
    Author: Hinkel, Niklas
    Published: [2022]
    Publisher:  Institute of Energy Economics at the University of Cologne (EWI), Köln, Germany

    In face of increased efforts to mitigate climate change, biofuels may be included in reduction plans forgreenhouse gas emissions. Feedstock for first generation biofuels and food crops both use arable land andmay compete for it. Also, fuel is an... more

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    In face of increased efforts to mitigate climate change, biofuels may be included in reduction plans forgreenhouse gas emissions. Feedstock for first generation biofuels and food crops both use arable land andmay compete for it. Also, fuel is an input for the production and transport of food. The purpose of thispaper is to quantify with empirical data how these two aspects affect market outcomes and to introduce acounterfactual setting where the latter aspect dominates the former. The setting allows an expansion ofbiofuel production to increase food production by lowering costs of production and transport. Namely,lower costs increase market access, allowing a higher utilization of idle production capacities for foodcrops. For this quantification, I develop an open market, welfare maximizing, partial equilibrium modelfor three interdependent goods fuel, fuel feedstock, and food (these goods are represented by diesel/biodiesel,palm oil, and cassava/maize respectively). The model is calibrated to Zambia, which exhibits the necessaryunderlying conditions of underutilized agricultural capacity, high transport costs, and low exports offood. Compared to a baseline, model results show the counterfactual switch from fossil diesel to biodieselto reduce the diesel price by51%. This increases food supply (cassava and maize combined) by0.4%and decreases related prices by3%. Overall welfare increases by9.9%. If additionally, a higher worldmarket price of maize renders exports just profitable, overall welfare continues to gain9.9%, domesticfood supply rises by0.3%, and related prices drop by2%, but food supply including exports grows by32%. Furthermore, the introduction of a palm oil based biodiesel sector eliminates import dependency onfossil diesel and palm oil.

     
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    hdl: 10419/268215
    Series: EWI working paper ; no 22, 02 (February 2022)
    Subjects: Biofuel; Land Use; Energy Economics; Partial Equilibrium Model; Zamb
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Modeling uncertainty in large natural resource allocation problems
    Author: Cai, Yongyang; Steinbuks, Jevgenijs; Judd, Kenneth L.; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Hertel, Thomas W.
    Published: February 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group, [Washington, DC, USA]

    The productivity of the world's natural resources is critically dependent on a variety of highly uncertain factors, which obscure individual investors and governments that seek to make long-term, sometimes irreversible investments in their... more

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    The productivity of the world's natural resources is critically dependent on a variety of highly uncertain factors, which obscure individual investors and governments that seek to make long-term, sometimes irreversible investments in their exploration and utilization. These dynamic considerations are poorly represented in disaggregated resource models, as incorporating uncertainty into large-dimensional problems presents a challenging computational task. This study introduces a novel numerical method to solve large-scale dynamic stochastic natural resource allocation problems that cannot be addressed by conventional methods. The method is illustrated with an application focusing on the allocation of global land resource use under stochastic crop yields due to adverse climate impacts and limits on further technological progress. For the same model parameters, the range of land conversion is considerably smaller for the dynamic stochastic model as compared to deterministic scenario analysis. The scenario analysis can thus significantly overstate the magnitude of expected land conversion under uncertain crop yields

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9159
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Dynamic Stochastic Models; Extended Nonlinear Certainty Equivalent Approximation Method; Crop Yields; Land Use; Natural Resources; Uncertainty
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Who fed China?
    Author: Hansen, Casper Worm; Wingender, Asger Mose
    Published: 20 October 2023
    Publisher:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
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    Series: Array ; DP18540
    Subjects: Agriculture; China; International Trade and Development; Land Use
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Internalizing global externalities from biodiversity
    protected areas and multilateral mechanisms of transfer
    Author: Deke, Oliver
    Published: 2004
    Publisher:  Kiel Inst. for World Economics, Kiel

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  7. Financing national protected area networks internationally
    the global environment facility as a multilateral mechanism of transfer
    Author: Deke, Oliver
    Published: 2004
    Publisher:  Kiel World Inst. for Economics, Kiel

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  8. Internalizing Global Externalities from Biodiversity : Protected Areas and Multilateral Mechanisms of Transfer
    Author: Deke, Oliver
    Published: 2004
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel

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  9. Financing National Protected Area Networks Internationally : The Global Environment Facility as a Multilateral Mechanism of Transfer
    Author: Deke, Oliver
    Published: 2004
    Publisher:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW), Kiel

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  10. Modeling uncertainty in large natural resource allocation problems
    Author: Cai, Yongyang; Steinbuks, Jevgenijs; Judd, Kenneth L.; Jägermeyr, Jonas; Hertel, Thomas W.
    Published: February 2020
    Publisher:  World Bank Group, Development Economics, Development Research Group, [Washington, DC, USA]

    The productivity of the world's natural resources is critically dependent on a variety of highly uncertain factors, which obscure individual investors and governments that seek to make long-term, sometimes irreversible investments in their... more

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    Max-Planck-Institut für Bildungsforschung, Bibliothek und wissenschaftliche Information
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    The productivity of the world's natural resources is critically dependent on a variety of highly uncertain factors, which obscure individual investors and governments that seek to make long-term, sometimes irreversible investments in their exploration and utilization. These dynamic considerations are poorly represented in disaggregated resource models, as incorporating uncertainty into large-dimensional problems presents a challenging computational task. This study introduces a novel numerical method to solve large-scale dynamic stochastic natural resource allocation problems that cannot be addressed by conventional methods. The method is illustrated with an application focusing on the allocation of global land resource use under stochastic crop yields due to adverse climate impacts and limits on further technological progress. For the same model parameters, the range of land conversion is considerably smaller for the dynamic stochastic model as compared to deterministic scenario analysis. The scenario analysis can thus significantly overstate the magnitude of expected land conversion under uncertain crop yields

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
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    Series: Policy research working paper ; 9159
    World Bank E-Library Archive
    Subjects: Dynamic Stochastic Models; Extended Nonlinear Certainty Equivalent Approximation Method; Crop Yields; Land Use; Natural Resources; Uncertainty
    Scope: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The conservation versus production trade-off
    does livestock intensification increase deforestation? : the case of the Brazilian Amazon
    Author: Vale, Petterson Molina
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Milano

    More cattle, less deforestation? Land use intensification in the Amazon is an unexpected phenomenon. Theories of hollow frontier, speculative behaviour and boom-bust all share the prediction that livestock production will remain largely extensive.... more

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    More cattle, less deforestation? Land use intensification in the Amazon is an unexpected phenomenon. Theories of hollow frontier, speculative behaviour and boom-bust all share the prediction that livestock production will remain largely extensive. Yet between 1996 and 2006 productivity of cattle grew by an astounding 57.5% in the average Amazon municipality. Does rising land productivity of cattle increase deforestation? I use secondary data and spatial econometrics to look for evidence of a positive relation between cattle intensification and deforestation (‘rebound effect’). The reduced-form model I employ is based on a spatial econometric specification by Arima et al. (2011) and uses panel data at the municipality-level. I show that mounting productivity in consolidated areas has been associated with lower deforestation both in frontier and consolidated municipalities. This suggests that any process of out-migration spurred by the rising productivity is insufficient to have a positive impact on deforestation.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/113923
    Series: Array ; 20.2015
    Subjects: Amazon; Rebound Effect; Intensification; Deforestation; Land Use; Cattle Ranching
    Scope: Online-Ressource ([34] S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
  12. Transport infrastructure and the environment
    sustainable mobility and urbanism
    Author: Cervero, Robert
    Published: 2013
    Publisher:  Univ. of California, Inst. of Urban and Regional Development, Berkeley, Calif

    The urban transportation sector's environmental, economic, and social footprint is immense and expanding. Many of the world's most vexing and pressing problems - fossil fuel dependency, global warming, poverty, and social exclusion - are inextricably... more

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    The urban transportation sector's environmental, economic, and social footprint is immense and expanding. Many of the world's most vexing and pressing problems - fossil fuel dependency, global warming, poverty, and social exclusion - are inextricably tied to the transportation sector. Much of the blame for the transportation sector's inordinate environmental footprint lies in the increasing automobile-dependency of cities. Rapid motorization unavoidably shifts future travel from the most sustainable modes - public transport and non-motorized ones (walking and cycling) - to private vehicles. Despite growing concerns over energy futures, climate change, and access for the poor, public transport's market share of trips is expected to erode over the next decade in all world regions if past trends (in how ownership and usage of the private car is priced and public financial resources are spent on transport infrastructure) continue. A paradigm shift is needed in how we think about transportation and its relationship to the city. The integration of transport infrastructure and urban development must be elevated in importance. In many cities of the Global South, recent Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) investments provide an unprecedented opportunity to do just that. To date, however, BRT systems have failed to leverage compact, mixed-use development due not only to little strategic station-area planning but also factors like siting lines and stations in stagnant urban districts and busy roadway medians. BRT systems are being conceived and designed as mobility investments rather than city-shaping ones. Given that the majority of future urban growth worldwide will be in intermediate-size cities well-suited for BRT investments, the opportunities for making these not only mobility investments but cityshaping investments as well should not be squandered. Transit-oriented development is but one of a number of built forms that hold considerable promise toward placing cities of the Global South on more sustainable mobility and urbanization pathways.

     
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    Source: Union catalogues
    Language: English
    Media type: Book
    Format: Online
    Other identifier:
    hdl: 10419/92377
    Series: Working paper / Institute of Urban and Regional Development ; 2013-03
    Subjects: Public Transport; Bus Rapid Transit; Land Use; Sustainability; Transit Oriented Development
    Scope: Online-Ressource (20 S.), graph. Darst.
  13. Spatial policies and land use patterns
    optimal and market allocations
    Author: Kyriakopoulou, Efthymia; Xepapadeas, Anastasios
    Published: 2014
    Publisher:  Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Milano

    We study the optimal and equilibrium distribution of industrial and residential land in a given region. The trade-off between the agglomeration and dispersion forces, in the form of pollution from stationary forces, environmental policy, production... more

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    We study the optimal and equilibrium distribution of industrial and residential land in a given region. The trade-off between the agglomeration and dispersion forces, in the form of pollution from stationary forces, environmental policy, production externalities, and commuting costs, determines the emergence of industrial and residential clusters across space. In this context, we define two kinds of spatial policies that can be used in order to close the gap between optimal and market allocations. More specifically, we show that the joint implementation of a site-specific environmental tax and a site-specific labor subsidy can reproduce the optimum as an equilibrium outcome. We also propose a novel approach that allows for endogenous determination of land use patterns and provides more precise results compared to previous studies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/101987
    Series: Array ; 8.2014
    Subjects: Spatial Policies; Agglomeration; Land Use; Pollution; Environmental Tax; Labor Subsidy
    Scope: Online-Ressource (41 S.), graph. Darst.