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  1. Arshi Pipa
    Erschienen: 1997

    In the August of this year Albanian culture suffered a great loss: one of its living representatives, Professor Arshi Pipa, died. He was born 77 years ago honoured family of Libohova origin, he fulfilled his high studies in Shkodra Gymnasium and his... mehr

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    In the August of this year Albanian culture suffered a great loss: one of its living representatives, Professor Arshi Pipa, died. He was born 77 years ago honoured family of Libohova origin, he fulfilled his high studies in Shkodra Gymnasium and his higher ones in the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Florence (Italy), he was a poet, literary critic and editor already when only 20 years old. He was distinguished as one of the most outstanding intellectuals in th 1940s in Albania. After communists seized power in 1944 he was arrested and tortured by them in Durres prison, in Burrel, and even in the dungeons of Argirocastro castle. In 1957, he emigrated to save himself from Communist persecution. In emigration, he denounced Communist genocide in Albania, with a rare bravery and courage, and especially the organized crime against Albanian western educated intelligensia, and the hysterical massacre of Albanian Cathol Clergy. He devoted himself to teaching, and became Professor in some of the mo distinguished of U.S. universities, but his choice was always the Albanian culture with his literary works: "Boatmen" (Tirana, 1944), "The book of the Prison" (Munich, 1966), "Rusha" (Munich 1966), "Meridian" (Munich, 1969); his works in literary critics and studies "Montale and Dante" (Minneapolis, 1968, Catania, 1974), "Hyeronimus de Rada" (Munich, 1978), "Albanian literature: Social Perspectives" (Munich, 1978), "Contemporary Albanian Literature" (Colorado, 1991); also works on linguistics and folklore: "Albanian Folk Verse: Structure Genre" (Munich, 1978), "The politics of Language in Socialist Albania" (Colorado, 1989) and politological studies: "Studies on Kosova prepared for publication by A. Pipa" (Colorado, 1984) and "Albanian Stalinism, Ideo-Politic Aspects" (Colorado, 1990); he also published for some years the most eminent journal of the time on the Albanian question, "Albanica". + While writing those lines, we cannot mention, with indignation, the stand adopted by official Albanian pseudointelligentsia. The so-called Albanian "academicians", in fact nominated by E. Hoxha and R. Alia, did not care. They cannot pardon the great Pipa his merciless critic against their incompetence and intellectual treachery. The editors of "Hylli i Drites", expressing their deeply felt grief for the loss of one of its most honorable collaborators, is firmly convinced that his work will live effective Albanian culture. (SOI : HiD: S. 148f.)

     

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    Sprache: Albanisch
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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 25(1997), 3-4, Seite 73-74

    Schlagworte: Kommunismus; Kulturpolitik; Literaturwissenschaft; Linguistik; Politische Verfolgung; Opposition; Auswanderer; Auswanderung; Auslandsaufenthalt; Literatur; Sprache; Albanien
  2. Anno domini 1997
    Erschienen: 1996

    It is stressed that the contribution of the year 1996 towards the renewal of Albanian culture was completely mediocre. For the new year, some objectives are put forward and namely: 1) To denounce State University of Tirana, for conserving Communist... mehr

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    It is stressed that the contribution of the year 1996 towards the renewal of Albanian culture was completely mediocre. For the new year, some objectives are put forward and namely: 1) To denounce State University of Tirana, for conserving Communist ways of thinking against such an outstanding figure of Albanian culture, as father Gjergj Fishta. 2) To tell the Institute of Linguistics and Literature not to "rediscover" the works of the most distinguished anticommunist personalities, and to discuss the scientific value of the works of such an institute. 3) To tell to the Ministry of Culture to stop spending money of government budget to serve as an umbrella of writers who yesterday glorified the abject figure of the dictator Hoxha. 4) To tell the government of Albania not to interfere with the structuring of national culture, for only in fascist and communist regimes such a thing happens. 5) To tell the Presidence of Republic not to dally with great figures of our culture, giving them only some honours without paying any money to publish their works. 6) To tell the President of the Republic not to imitate dictator Hoxha and to reproduce him in series. The official detractors of Fishta and Konica cannot be "honored". (SOI : HiD: S.144)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 5-6, Seite 1-5

    Schlagworte: Systemtransformation; Soziokultureller Wandel; Vergangenheitsbewältigung; Kultur; Literatur; Literaturkritik; Albanologie; Kulturpolitik
  3. Trashigimia letrare e diktatures
    Erschienen: 1996

    The author classifies into four well-distinguished categories the literary legacy of dictatorship: a) the first, is that part of literature wholly dedicated to propaganda, which is nominated in the paper socrealistic pseudoliterature, b) the second,... mehr

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    The author classifies into four well-distinguished categories the literary legacy of dictatorship: a) the first, is that part of literature wholly dedicated to propaganda, which is nominated in the paper socrealistic pseudoliterature, b) the second, is the part rejected and negated by the communist state, where offending terms abound, and in this part are included all that writers of value, e.g. Fishta, Koliqi, Konica, Kuteli, Camaj, Trebeshina, Zorba, Shllaku, Xhagjika, Prennushi. This is the biggest part, c) the third, called the alienation from traditional Albanian literature, comprises the authors who for a lot of reasons, could not be wholly rejected, but whose work was instead mercilessly crippled by censure. The fourth, has to do with the insane selection of world literature, and can be named the provincialisation of culture. The author proceeds in trying to present a methodical pattern in order to examine the above mentioned legacy, and inverting the principles of realistic socialism literature, proposes some new ones of his own, to preserve what is of value and to found a new, true Albanian literature. (SOI : HiD: S. 145)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 5-6, Seite 18-26

    Schlagworte: Kultur; Literatur; Sozialismus; Kulturpolitik; Ideologie; Einflussgröße; Systemtransformation; Vergangenheitsbewältigung
  4. Seminarit XVIII nderkombetar per Gjuhen, Letersine dhe Kulturen Shqiptare
    Autor*in: Pllumi, Zef
    Erschienen: 1996

    "The literary work of Gjergj Fishta rediscovered": Even from this title the fact of the violation of Fishta's legacy by Communist regime is evident. Father Pllumi recollects the moment of the search for Fishta's bones, for even his burial site was... mehr

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    "The literary work of Gjergj Fishta rediscovered": Even from this title the fact of the violation of Fishta's legacy by Communist regime is evident. Father Pllumi recollects the moment of the search for Fishta's bones, for even his burial site was violated by Communists. He proceeds, stressing that the only cultural richess we inherit from the past is the Albanian language. Also, it is pointed out that this same institute, which today organizes the workshop of this kind, had obliterated two-third of Albanian literature legacy. He proposes to call again another Congress of Manastir (Bitola) which set the foundation for an unified and modern Albanian language and grammar, to revivify the sound tradition. (SOI : HiD: S. 146)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 5-6, Seite 73-74

    Schlagworte: Literatur; Literaturgeschichte <Fach>; Literaturwissenschaft; Wissenschaftliche Einrichtung; Sozialismus; Politik; Gesellschaft; Wissenschaft; Vergangenheitsbewältigung
  5. " Vale mbi vale" - shkrue prej Ate Anton Harapit
    Erschienen: 1996

    Rezension von: Harapi, Anton: Vale mbi vale (Übers.: Wellen auf Wellen.) Tirana : Hylli i Drites, 1995 In this short critical paper on the remarkable literary work, "Waves on waves" the beginning is devoted to the great figure of Father Anton Harapi,... mehr

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    Rezension von: Harapi, Anton: Vale mbi vale (Übers.: Wellen auf Wellen.) Tirana : Hylli i Drites, 1995 In this short critical paper on the remarkable literary work, "Waves on waves" the beginning is devoted to the great figure of Father Anton Harapi, the life and work of whom has profoundly influenced the Albanian national culture of the first half of this century. The work is something that cannot be easily classified, it is a beautiful prose and a philosophical essay at the same time. The main questions of the human condition and of existence are treated in a simple and profound and clear manner. The aim is the uprooting of evil from its inner and secret recesses deep in human soul, the noble aim of active faith. And the last, but not the least, is the contribution towards the perfectioning of Gheg literary dialect, which reflects more faithfully the values of the Albanian language, one of the most ancient stock of the European soil. (SOI : HiD: 150)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 3-4, Seite 141-146

    Schlagworte: Sprache; Literatur; Sprachgebrauch; Religion; Einflussgröße; Katholische Schule
  6. Gjuha shqipe ne faqet e fjaloreve
    Autor*in: Qesku, Pavli
    Erschienen: 1996

    This is a critical approach to the publication of language dictionaries after 1944. Mentioning at first the Albanian language dictionary of the Insitute of Science in 1954, the author proceeds with a comparative analysis of the publication in 1980 of... mehr

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    This is a critical approach to the publication of language dictionaries after 1944. Mentioning at first the Albanian language dictionary of the Insitute of Science in 1954, the author proceeds with a comparative analysis of the publication in 1980 of the "Dictionary of Contemporary Albanian". The criteria to evaluate a work of such extent are given, and many mis- takes and unforgivable lacks are highlighted, using a scientific up-to-date approach. The style, the definitions, are further items in the agenda of criticism, which is completely justified by examples. Many lacks concerning unreliable scientific terminology presentation are further given, which, according to the author, bear testimony to the low standard of scientific seriousness of the dictionary. The politicisms abound and are very harmful. The author emphasizes the need of republication of dictionaries of the past, and encourages serious work to be done. Dictionaries, he highly esteems, are Italian-Albanian dictionaries for the information given on Albanian language. (SOI : HiD: S. 146f.)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 1-2, Seite 18-36

    Schlagworte: Sprache; Lexikologie; Terminologie; Wörterbuch; Sprachgebrauch; Linguistik; Albanologie
  7. Jam njeri kulture me ate perkushtim si prifti ne zanatin e vet
    Autor*in: Klosi, Ardian
    Erschienen: 1996

    The author states from the beginning that his knowledge about the correspondence of Gjon Sinishta and Martin Camaj came to him from the first, whom he had known only by letters. He continues by analyzing the pecularities of that deep friendship and... mehr

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    The author states from the beginning that his knowledge about the correspondence of Gjon Sinishta and Martin Camaj came to him from the first, whom he had known only by letters. He continues by analyzing the pecularities of that deep friendship and understanding which characterized those relations. The work done by the two outstanding figures in order to resist the cultural blackout during Communist regime is emphasized. Especially, the ideas on the priority of Gheg dialect for literary Albanian are defended. The "Albanian Grammar", a work of M. Camaj, and the creation of a Chair of Albanology in New York University is further mentioned from the letters. (SOI : HiD: S. 147)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 1-2, Seite 63-68

    Schlagworte: Kultur; Sprache; Sozialismus; Sprachpolitik; Exil; Literatur; Sprachgebrauch
  8. Letra
    Autor*in: Camaj, Martin
    Erschienen: 1996

    Those are letters bearing testimony to the close relationship existing between those two anticommunist writers. They are interested in all aspects of Albanian literature and linguistics. From those letters we gather useful knowledge in relation to... mehr

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    Those are letters bearing testimony to the close relationship existing between those two anticommunist writers. They are interested in all aspects of Albanian literature and linguistics. From those letters we gather useful knowledge in relation to the difficulties faced by Albanian anticommunist emigration. One of the problems discussed is that of official literary Albanian, which can be, according to the author, other than Tosk dialect adopted by Hoxha regime. Another question is that of documentary evidence regarding the persecution of Catholic clergy by Albanian communist regime. (SOI : HiD: S. 147)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 1-2, Seite 69-80

    Schlagworte: Sprache; Kultur; Sozialismus; Kulturpolitik; Sprachpolitik; Religionspolitik; Exil; Literatur; Sprachgebrauch; Albanologie
  9. Perkthimet e Bibles ne shqip
    Autor*in: Pllumi, At Zef
    Erschienen: 1996

    The author presents a very critical review of all the recent editions of the translations of Bible into Albanian. The author stresses the conditions to be fulfilled by such a translation in order to be considered as reflecting the Word of God, where... mehr

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    The author presents a very critical review of all the recent editions of the translations of Bible into Albanian. The author stresses the conditions to be fulfilled by such a translation in order to be considered as reflecting the Word of God, where beauty concurs with truth. He considers two of the three translations as fulfilling this requirement, but not the first one. He then proceeds giving his views on the new possibilities to fulfill this great task, taking into account new developments of Albanian language and culture, and also avoiding the harm done by Slav interference in Albanian religious affairs. (SOI : HiD: S. 148)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 24(1996), 1-2, Seite 110-114

    Schlagworte: Gesellschaft; Kulturraum; Katholik; Religion; Sprache; Tradition; Kulturelle Identität; Übersetzung; Sprachgebrauch; Kritik
  10. Fati i nje inteligjencie ne tri kohe
    Autor*in: Plasari, Aurel
    Erschienen: 1995

    It is a speech held on the problems facing at present Albanian society and culture. It claims to be a futurologic attempt to describe new possibilities arising now in the context of Albanian cultural inheritance. All the lacks of scholar system of... mehr

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    It is a speech held on the problems facing at present Albanian society and culture. It claims to be a futurologic attempt to describe new possibilities arising now in the context of Albanian cultural inheritance. All the lacks of scholar system of the past are pointed out in detail, in identifying causes. The relation between the state and intellectuals in Albania is portrayed as never achieving maturity in the past. The description of parasitism among students, quoted from Fishta's work, is impressive, and the author considers it a source from which sprang into Albanian history both fascism and communism. Then, it is proceeded by an analysis of the systematic process of destruction wrought by communist regime on the formation of national intelligentsia. The author considers as wholly regressive the cultural impact of communist dictatorship on the national intellectuals and also on the people. The courage to proclaim the truth is considered as a preliminary condition of the character of the intellectual to make cultural progress possible. (SOI : HiD: S. 152)

     

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 23(1995), 1-2, Seite 1-13

    Schlagworte: Staat; Gesellschaft; Kultur; Intellektueller; Sozialismus; Totalitarismus; Bildungspolitik; Geschichte; Sozialgeschichte; Vergangenheitsbewältigung
  11. Disa mendime dhe percaktime rreth gjuhes se sotme zyrtare shqipe
    Erschienen: 1994

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 22(1994), 5-6, Seite 12-17

    Schlagworte: Albaner; Sprache; Amtssprache; Sprachpolitik; Harmonisierung; Norm; Sprachgebrauch; Sprachentwicklung; Sprachvariante; Literatur; Entwicklung; Tendenz
  12. Dal realismo socialista a una nuova letteratura albanese
    Erschienen: 1994

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    Sprache: Albanisch; Italienisch
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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Hylli i dritës; Shkodër, 1913; 22(1994), 5-6, Seite 28-47

    Schlagworte: Literatur; Sozialismus; Literaturgeschichte <Fach>; Literaturwissenschaft; Politik; Gesellschaft; Wissenschaft; Systemtransformation; Entwicklung; Soziokultureller Wandel; Tendenz