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  1. Voice and Perception : An evolutionary approach to the basic functions of narrative
    Autor*in: Mellmann, Katja
    Erschienen: 09.09.2015

    Whereas in traditional models of literary narrative we had to deal with typologies mainly (for instance, of "narrative situations"; see Stanzel 1971, 1984; Fludernik and Margolin 2004; Genette 1980), we now possess a systematic description of the... mehr

     

    Whereas in traditional models of literary narrative we had to deal with typologies mainly (for instance, of "narrative situations"; see Stanzel 1971, 1984; Fludernik and Margolin 2004; Genette 1980), we now possess a systematic description of the imagination evoked by a text, which takes into account the quasi-ontological (see Bortolussi and Dixon 2003) status of its constituents. In this chapter I search for the cognitive functions that correlate with the text features of "voice" and "perception" and for how they bring about such a "layered" imagination in the reader. The aim is to explain how and why literary narratives can run properly in the human mind-which is another way of asking how humans could develop narrative discourse as a way of communication at all.

     

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    Quelle: CompaRe
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); Teil eines Buches (Kapitel)
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-0-292-72888-2
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Schlagworte: Narrativität; Stimme; Kognitionswissenscahft
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  2. Evolutionary psychology as a heuristic in literary studies
    Autor*in: Mellmann, Katja
    Erschienen: 09.09.2015

    There has been a great deal of uproar about Darwinian approaches in literary scholarship. Statements range from enthusiastic prophecies of a new paradigm for literary studies to acrimonious scoldings of reductionism. Believing that the major... mehr

     

    There has been a great deal of uproar about Darwinian approaches in literary scholarship. Statements range from enthusiastic prophecies of a new paradigm for literary studies to acrimonious scoldings of reductionism. Believing that the major challenge is first to find good questions to which evolutionary psychology might provide us with good answers, I outline and critically assess different veins of argumentation as revealed in recent contributions to the field. As an alternative to some simplistic mimeticism in present Literary Darwinism, I put forward the idea of evolutionary psychology as a heuristic theory that serves to resolve defined problems in interpretation and literary theory.

     

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    Quelle: CompaRe
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); Teil eines Buches (Kapitel)
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-90-420-3397-9
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Schlagworte: Literaturwissenschaft; Evolutionspsychologie; Heuristik
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  3. Is storytelling a biological adaptation? : Preliminary thoughts on how to pose that question
    Autor*in: Mellmann, Katja
    Erschienen: 10.09.2015

    Verbal storytelling – in a sense broad enough to include all forms from casual conversation across oral folklore to written literature – seems to be a universal human activity and has thus been considered an evolutionary adaptation several times in... mehr

     

    Verbal storytelling – in a sense broad enough to include all forms from casual conversation across oral folklore to written literature – seems to be a universal human activity and has thus been considered an evolutionary adaptation several times in the past few years. The fact that a particular trait is a species-wide universal, however, does not automatically make it an adaptation; it could also be a contingent universal, that is, a cultural behavior which notably relies on biological substrates and therefore emerges in similar fashions in all human cultures, times, and milieus. Yet verbal storytelling is not only universal but also distinct to our species. The uniqueness of a trait can indeed be indicative of a biological adaptation1 in that we have reason to assume that this trait emerged newly in the given animal lineage and thus might owe its existence to the process of natural selection. However, since verbal storytelling completely depends on language, that is, another uniquely human faculty, the uniqueness of storytelling is hardly surprising and cannot serve as a conclusive argument for considering storytelling itself to be a specifically selected trait. Storytelling could simply be a particular use of language (though we shall see below that the relationship between language and narration is a little more complicated). A third possible indication of a biological adaptation, however, is the fact that storytelling seems to be a notably self-rewarding activity. It occurs on a much larger scale than would seem justified by rational choice or other reasons. As fitness-enhancing behaviors should, as a rule, be intrinsically motivated under certain conditions, the unusually high frequency of storytelling might indeed be revealing of an innate preference for this behavior.

     

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    Quelle: CompaRe
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); Teil eines Buches (Kapitel)
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-3-11-026859-1
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Schlagworte: Erzählen; Evolutionspsychologie; Kulturelle Evolution
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  4. "Dein Name, Königin, unter dieser Schrift" : Friedrich Schillers "Maria Stuart" in mediologischer Sicht
    Erschienen: 23.09.2015

    "Du bist nur Bild" – diese Worte setzen das Signal für eine mediologische Lektüre nicht nur des Dramas, dem sie entnommen sind – Goethes Egmont –, sondern nicht minder für eine solche von Friedrich Schillers Maria Stuart, jenem "Trauerspiel", das am... mehr

     

    "Du bist nur Bild" – diese Worte setzen das Signal für eine mediologische Lektüre nicht nur des Dramas, dem sie entnommen sind – Goethes Egmont –, sondern nicht minder für eine solche von Friedrich Schillers Maria Stuart, jenem "Trauerspiel", das am 14. Juni 1800 am Weimarer Hoftheater uraufgeführt wird und zur Ostermesse 1801 beim Tübinger Verleger Cotta in einer Auflage von 4000 Exemplaren im Druck erscheint.

    Wenn nämlich Marin im fünft en Aufzug verkündet, "auf meinem Weg zum Himmel" zu sein, dann ist mit dieser Wendung auf einer Metaebene der epistemische Bruch aufgerufen, den Michel Foucault in Die Ordnung der Dinge als den Übergang von der frühneuzeitlichen Lehre von den Ähnlichkeiten zur klassischen Wissensformation rekonstruiert und dessen Durchsetzung Friedrich Schiller gemeinsam mit Johann Wolfgang Goethe mittels ihrer Weimarer Theaterreform betreibt. Einer mediologischen Lektüre stellen sich die politischen Konsequenzen der Entweltlichung der Wahrheit, durch die Foucault die klassische Episteme bestimmt sieht, als das zentrale Thema von Schillers "Maria Stuart" dar.

     

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    Quelle: CompaRe
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Wissenschaftlicher Artikel
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur (830)
    Schlagworte: Schiller, Friedrich; Maria Stuart; Medienwissenschaft
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  5. Vuoti di memoria : quattro voci sull'oblio
    Autor*in: Latini, Micaela
    Erschienen: 18.08.2015

    Queste note su memoria e oblio prendono le mosse da due fenomeni noti, pur nella loro enigmaticità, e apparentemente opposti come il déjà-vu e il jamais-vu. Accade qualcosa e si ha l'impressione che si stia ripetendo un evento già vissuto, oppure ci... mehr

     

    Queste note su memoria e oblio prendono le mosse da due fenomeni noti, pur nella loro enigmaticità, e apparentemente opposti come il déjà-vu e il jamais-vu. Accade qualcosa e si ha l'impressione che si stia ripetendo un evento già vissuto, oppure ci si trova in un luogo praticato da anni e, a un certo punto, letteralmente, non lo si riconosce più, percependolo come nuovo ed estraneo. Si tratta di sentimenti che, pur facendo parte dell'esperienza più comune, conservano un alone di opacità. Sia nella "familiarità estranea" sia nella "estraneità familiare" si ha a che fare con uno spaesamento, una vertigine emotiva che sulle prime fa retroagire la nostra comprensione. In entrambi i casi lo stupore si accompagna all'inquietudine: la portata dirompente del nuovo strappa fuori dal riparo delle proprie certezze, dall'impalcatura delle proprie conoscenze. Sono i momenti di interferenza di livelli temporali diversi, in cui alla finitudine dell'evento vissuto si giustappone l'illimitata dimensione del ricordo. La simultaneità delle sfere contrapposte, il loro cortocircuitare e sovrapporsi, dà luogo a uno spaesamento, che talvolta assume un carattere demonico, perturbante (unheimlich), per dirla con Freud. Il senso dell'Unheimlichkeit fa tutt'uno con il sentimento di angoscia o di terrore che si genera nella conversione dell'opposto, quando il noto diventa fonte di terrore, quando il familiare si fa estraneo, o anche quando l'estraneo appare come familiare. Il ritorno del rimosso, sotto forma di paure o desideri inconfessabili, rinvia ai conflitti dell'infanzia e alle fase arcaiche della vita umana. In questo senso rappresenta una "promessa" che il presente non ha saputo esaudire, e che sopravvive in tutta la sua carica sovversiva.

     

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    Quelle: CompaRe
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); Teil eines Buches (Kapitel)
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 978-88-575-1081-1
    DDC Klassifikation: Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur (830)
    Schlagworte: Vergessen <Motiv>; Bloch, Ernst; Tieck, Ludwig; Benjamin, Walter; Kafka, Franz
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